Beta cells AND Curcumin

We aimed to evaluate the effects of 1,2-diacetylbenzene (DAB) and curcumin on neuroinflammation induced by DAB via triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLP3)/calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 1 (CAPS1)/interleukin 1 beta (IL1B) pathways; tau hyperphosphorylation; reactive oxygen species (ROS); and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) in microglia cells; and explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the key genes induced by DAB and targeted by curcumin in silico analysis...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism with predominant hepatic manifestations. Left untreated, it can be fatal. Current therapies focus on treating copper overload rather than targeting the pathophysiology of copper-induced liver injuries. We sought to investigate whether liposome-encapsulated curcumin (LEC) could attenuate the underlying pathophysiology of WD in a mouse model of WD. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Subcutaneous administration in a WD mouse model with ATP7B knockout (Atp7b-/- ) resulted in robust delivery of LEC to the liver as determined by in-vitro and in-vivo imaging...

We investigated the effect of an 11β-HSD1 inhibitor (H8) on hepatic steatosis and its mechanism of action. Although H8, a curcumin derivative, has been shown to alleviate insulin resistance, its effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. Rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce NAFLD, and, then, treated with H8 (3 or 6 mg/kg/day) or curcumin (6 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks, to evaluate the effects of H8 on NAFLD. H8 significantly alleviated HFD+STZ-induced lipid accumulation, fibrosis, and inflammation as well as improved liver function...

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor which plays a critical role in several biochemical pathways, and consists of oxygen-dependent alpha (α) and a constitutively expressed beta (β) subunit. Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α is stabilized and forms a complex with β subunit and this complex is associated with cancer progression. HIF-1α activity is mainly regulated by its transcriptional co-activator p300 which has histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) activity. p300 HAT activity is very crucial for p300 auto-acetylation and subsequently its interaction with its partner molecule HIF-1α as well as proapoptotic protein p53...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the ability of a drug curcumin-loaded polymer to inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells by enhancing the anti-cancer efficiency of curcumin. We synthesized poly(methacryloyl beta-alanine) (PMBA) as a nanocarrier by radical polymerization in supercritical CO2 . The results showed that the curcumin encapsulated and folic acid (FA)-treated PMBA (Poly@Cur-FA) for 24 h activated the reactive oxygen species-mediated programmed cell death machinery in HeLa cells...

Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play crucial roles in pancreatic β cell destruction, leading to the development and progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Curcumin, extracted from plant turmeric, possesses multiple bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties and . However, it remains unknown whether curcumin improves ER stress to prevent β cells from apoptosis. In this study, we aim to investigate the role and mechanism of curcumin in ameliorating HO-induced injury in MIN6 (a mouse insulinoma cell line) cells...

Despite vaccine availability, the global spread of COVID-19 continues, largely facilitated by emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutations. Our earlier research documented that a specific combination of plant-derived compounds can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 binding to its ACE2 receptor and controlling key cellular mechanisms of viral infectivity. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a defined mixture of plant extracts and micronutrients against original SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants. The composition containing vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, resveratrol, theaflavin, curcumin, quercetin, naringenin, baicalin, and broccoli extract demonstrated a highest efficacy by inhibiting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) binding of SARS-CoV-2 to its cellular ACE2 receptor by 90%...

Pro-inflammatory signaling, cell death, and metalloproteinases activation are events in Plasmodium infection. However, it is not known if treatment with mefloquine (MF), and curcumin (CM) supplementation, will modulate these conditions. Malaria was induced in two different studies using susceptible (NK 65, study 1) and resistant (ANKA, study 2) strains of mouse malaria parasites (Plasmodium berghei) in thirty male Swiss mice (n = 5) in each study. Following confirmation of parasitemia, mice received 10 mL/kg distilled water (infected control), MF (10 mg/kg), MF and CM (25 mg/kg), MF and CM (50 mg/kg), CM (25 mg/kg) and CM (50 mg/kg)...

Hexahydrocurcumin (HHC), a major metabolite of curcumin, possesses several biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and cardioprotective properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HHC on high blood pressure, vascular dysfunction, and remodeling induced by N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in rats. Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) received L-NAME (40 mg/kg) via drinking water for seven weeks. HHC at doses of 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg or enalapril 10 mg/kg was orally administered for the last three weeks...

Senescence in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only hinders the application of MSCs in regenerative medicine but is also closely correlated with biological aging and the development of degenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-aging effects of curcumin (Cur) on canine bone marrow-derived MSCs (cBMSCs), and further elucidated the potential mechanism of action based on the modulation of autophagy. cBMSCs were expanded in vitro with standard procedures to construct a cell model of premature senescence...

Background: Recent viral pandemics have challenged the global scientific community to immediately develop new therapies. The fastest approach to develop these is to explore natural products for their efficacies and repurposing of already approved molecules. Keeping global emergency in view, researchers at Shreepad Shree Vallabh SSV Phytopharmaceuticals developed the CurvicTM (SSV-003) formulation, comprising of curcumin, vitamin C, vitamin K2-7, selenomethionine and Zinc. Methods: Researchers have systematically studied the SSV-003 formulation for its in vitro efficacy against influenza A virus (H1N1) (ATCC® VR-219™) and human beta coronavirus (ATCC® VR1558™) using MDCK & HCT-8 cell lines, respectively, in vivo efficacy studies of SSV-003 on influenza A virus infected Balb/c mice, and acute toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines...

Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that occurs due to a deficiency of a β hexosaminidase A (HexA) enzyme, resulting in the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides. In this work, we analyzed the effect of umbilical cord blood cell transplantation (UCBCT) and curcumin administration on the course of the disease in a patient with adult TSD. The patient's serum cytokine profile was determined using multiplex analysis. The level of GM2 gangliosides in plasma was determined using mass spectrometry...

Despite its potent anti-amyloid properties, the utility of curcumin (Cur) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is limited due to its low bioavailability. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a more stable metabolite has been found in Cur-treated tissues. We compared the anti-amyloid and neuroprotective properties of curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and THC using molecular docking/dynamics, in-silico and in vitro studies. We measured the binding affinity, H-bonding capabilities of these compounds with amyloid beta protein (Aβ)...

BACKGROUND: Curcumin accelerates healing of oral wounds; however, the responsible mechanisms remain underexplored. Our hypothesis is curcumin regulates the expression of wound healing-related genes in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). This study investigated whether curcumin regulates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, type I TGF-β receptor (TGF-βRI), type II TGF-β receptor (TGF-βRII), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in unwounded hGFs and an in vitro hGF wound healing model...

Background: Following recent findings from our group that curcumin preconditioning augments the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells in the healing of diabetic wounds in rats, we aimed to investigate the regenerative effects of curcumin preconditioned adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) for better recovery of acid inflicted burns in this study. Methods: ASCs were preconditioned with 5 μM curcumin for 24 hours and assessed for proliferation, migration, paracrine release potential and gene expression comparative to naïve ASCs...

Curcumin has been reported to have a therapeutic effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present research, we aimed to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of curcumin on AD. Mouse primary hippocampal neuron cells were treated with various concentrations of beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42 ) and the results found that Aβ42 inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with 50 ng/mL Aβ42 , 500 ng/mL Aβ42 could further promote cell apoptosis, reduce the ratio of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))/Nicotinamide adenine diphosphate hydride (NADH) and Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level, and inhibit Sirtuins 3 (SIRT3) deacetylation activity and protein expression of Thyroid hormone receptor beta (Thrb) and SIRT3...

Inflammation is the main contributing factor to atheroma formation in atherosclerosis. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is an inflammatory mediator found in endothelial cells and resident leukocytes. Canakinumab is a selective monoclonal antibody against IL-1β which attenuates inflammation and concurrently precipitates fatal infections and sepsis. Natural products derived from medicinal plants, herbal remedy and functional foods are widely used nowadays. Experimental and clinical trial evidence supports that some natural products such as curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin have potential effects on IL-1β suppression...

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is efficient for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but fast-emerging resistance limits its usage. Curcumin is being investigated for its potential chemosensitivity, but its low oral bioavailability hinders its chemosensitivity effect in vivo. Gut microbiota modulation is considered to contribute to its bioactivities in vivo. In the current study, we demonstrate that curcumin can enhance 5-Fu chemosensitivity in HCC cells in vitro, increase the apoptosis rate, arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase, and block the PI3k/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PI3K and its downstream protein kinases...

BACKGROUND: Poor oral bioavailability of curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, has limited its therapeutic use in various diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the antidiabetic activity as well as pharmacokinetic profile of two turmeric extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into seven groups (n = 6) including Normal control (NC), Diabetic control (DC), two standard control groups- Glibenclamide (GLIB) 5 mg/kg and Metformin (MET) 500 mg/kg, two bio-enhanced turmeric extract (BTE) treated groups (BTE-30 (30 mg/kg), BTE-60 (60 mg/kg)) and one regular turmeric extract treated (RTE) group RTE-30 (30 mg/kg)...

Misfolded amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides aggregate and form neurotoxic oligomers. Membrane and mitochondrial damages, calcium dysregulation, oxidative stress, and fibril deposits are among the possible mechanisms of Aβ cytotoxicity. Galantamine (GAL) prevents apoptosis induced by Aβ mainly through the ability to stimulate allosterically the α7 nAChRs and to regulate the calcium cytosolic concentration. Here, we examined the cytoprotective effects of two GAL derivatives, namely compounds 4b and 8 , against Aβ cytotoxicity on the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y...