foolish

BACKGROUND: Studies show that people who inject drugs (PWID) underestimate their overdose risk. We sought to explore this phenomenon by comparing how PWID perceive causes of personal overdoses compared to witnessed overdoses. METHODS: We analyzed 40 interviews from participants enrolled in a randomized-controlled behavioral intervention to reduce overdose among at-risk PWID in San Francisco from 2014 to 2016. Subjects were current illicit opioid injectors with opioid use disorder, had received take-home naloxone, and had overdosed within five years...

We tend to think of Narcissus as foolishly enamored with his own image, morbidly preoccupied with self-love. Yet when we study him closely in Ovid's Metamorphoses, he does not seem to recognize himself in the water but believes to be encountering another person; he appears lost to himself. Freud's theories of ego formation, narcissism, and melancholia are examined for explanations of this loss. In contrast to Freud, who believed that identification with the lost object facilitates the subject's separation from it, identification is redescribed as a mechanism preserving the (imaginary) union with the object...

Generative conversational systems consisting of a neural network-based structural model and a linguistic model have always been considered to be an attractive area. However, conversational systems tend to generate single-turn responses with a lack of diversity and informativeness. For this reason, the conversational system method is further developed by modeling and analyzing the joint structural and linguistic model, as presented in the paper. Firstly, we establish a novel dual-encoder structural model based on the new Convolutional Neural Network architecture and strengthened attention with intention...

BACKGROUND: Falls are common among older adults and are of added concern among those with cancer due to cancer and its treatments. Knowledge on circumstances surrounding falls and fear of falling is vital for understanding how various factors may precipitate falls and for informing development of effective fall prevention interventions. The aim of the study was to explore circumstances of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults with cancer. METHOD: A convergent-parallel mixed-methods design was used in this cross-sectional study...

Seneca was a Roman philosopher, politician, and mentor to the young Nero. He later fell in disgrace and was sentenced to death by the Emperor. Seneca left many texts, one of the most influential being his Moral Letters to Lucilius (63 CE). In Letter 50, he describes the case of Harpaste, his wife's foolish slave who acutely became blind. She denied her illness and argued irrationally about room darkness, constantly asking attendants to change her quarters. Harpaste's case, consisting of acutely acquired blindness and anosognosia in the presence of relatively well-preserved cognition, fulfills the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Anton syndrome, and probably constitutes its first description...

We have discovered the elixir of life. For the first time in human existence we now know how we can avoid disease, make our lives healthier and more fulfilled, and even fend off the grim reaper himself (at least for a while). We may not have joined the immortals - many traps and snares continue to prey on us - but we are beginning to learn some of their secrets. Why then are we failing to grasp these heady opportunities? WHO data show that nine out of ten of we Europeans are dying of lifestyle diseases; that is diseases caused by our own choices - self-inflicted diseases...

"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity." The opening line of Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities could easily be the dramatic opening line of a summary of the establishment of a satellite medical school campus in Manitoba. Reflection on my last four years as associate dean reveals that most of the descriptors in that famous sentence at one time or another were apropos. This brief essay will relate the experiences of the last four years and some of the lessons learned along the way...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Fusarium fujikuroi causes bakanae ("foolish seedling") disease of rice which is characterized by hyper-elongation of seedlings resulting from production of gibberellic acids (GAs) by the fungus. This plant pathogen is also known for production of harmful mycotoxins, such as fusarins, fusaric acid, apicidin F and beauvericin. Recently, we generated the first de novo genome sequence of F. fujikuroi strain IMI 58289 combined with extensive transcriptional, epigenetic, proteomic and chemical product analyses. GA production was shown to provide a selective advantage during infection of the preferred host plant rice...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

There is little doubt that having a theoretic foundation will benefit the field of visualization, including its main subfields. Because there has been a substantial amount of work on taxonomies and conceptual models in the visualization literature and some recent work on theoretic frameworks, such a theoretic foundation is not a foolish or impractical ambition. This article asks, "How can we build a theoretic foundation for visualization collectively as a community?" The authors envision the pathways for four different aspects of a theoretic foundation: taxonomies and ontologies, principles and guidelines, conceptual models and theoretic frameworks, and quantitative laws and theoretic systems...

OBJECTIVE: Binge drinking is a significant public health problem across college campuses in the United States. Despite substantial research and the use of evidence-based methods, the binge drinking culture remains an obstinate health crisis on campuses. This study examined the current binge drinking rate on a selected college campus, the association between binge drinking and anxiety and depression as well as the associated consequences of students' alcohol use. METHODS: A sample of 201 students from a small, private Mid-Atlantic college completed validated scales as well as demographics and questionnaires...

The mainstream theories and models of the physical sciences, including neuroscience, are all consistent with the principle of causality. Wholly causal explanations make sense of how things go, but are inherently value-neutral, providing no objective basis for true beliefs being better than false beliefs, nor for it being better to intend wisely than foolishly. Dennett (1987) makes a related point in calling the brain a syntactic (procedure-based) engine. He says that you cannot get to a semantic (meaning-based) engine from there...

Prevalence of HIV after age 50 is considerable, especially in southern Africa. Negative social constructions of HIV in older age, and the health consequences of ageing with the virus, mean that having HIV presents a challenge for many people's roles and social memberships, threatening to disrupt their sense of self. Using constructivist grounded theory and qualitative data from rural Malawi, this paper describes how older men and women deal with these identity challenges. Drawing on a symbolic interactionist framework, it uses identity control theory to explore how the study's participants presented their post-diagnosis behaviours in ways that maintained their most significant pre-diagnosis identities as 'adults', a label they gave to the core identity of being a person who belongs in the social world...

In this paper, we address the issue of whether it is economically advantageous to concentrate emergency rooms (ERs) in large hospitals. Besides identifying economies of scale of ERs, we also focus on chain economies. The latter term refers to the effects on a hospital's costs of ER patients who also need follow-up inpatient or outpatient hospital care. We show that, for each service examined, product-specific economies of scale prevail indicating that it would be beneficial for hospitals to increase ER services...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

New heart failure guidelines have been issued during the past several months, both in the United States and in Europe, in response to recent advances in and the approval of new drugs for the treatment of heart failure. Although guidelines documents are often viewed as authoritative and purely evidence-based, there are replete with meaningful (and inexplicable) inconsistencies, which derive from a review of the same body of scientific data by different groups. This satirical review highlights several examples of the entertaining foolishness of recent guideline documents in the good-natured hope that physicians will understand what the guidelines are, and more importantly, what they are not...

INTRODUCTION: A network of 25 haemophilia/inherited bleeding disorder comprehensive care centres was established in Canada in the 1970s and 1980s. In 2007, standards of care, focused on the structural and resource requirements necessary to effectively provide optimal care, were adopted. AIM: Assess how human and physical resources affect centres' capacity to attain standards of care. METHODS: The Canadian Hemophilia Society (CHS), with the support of the Association of Hemophilia Clinic Directors of Canada (AHCDC), undertook the assessment...