Prednisone side effects

PURPOSE: It is unclear whether exposure to commonly prescribed medications influences survival and treatment response in patients with de novo high-risk metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs). METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of the LATITUDE trial to determine whether receipt of concomitant medications influenced the effect of abiraterone acetate and prednisone, in addition to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), on overall survival (OS) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in patients with de novo mPCa...

BACKGROUND: Side effects limit the long-term use of glucocorticoids in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), and methotrexate has gained attention as steroid sparing agent although the supporting evidence is poor. This study compared prednisone monotherapy, methotrexate monotherapy or a combination of both, in the reduction of myocardial Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and clinical stabilization of CS patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this retrospective cohort study, 61 newly diagnosed and treatment naïve CS patients commenced treatment with prednisone (N = 21), methotrexate (N = 30) or prednisone and methotrexate (N = 10) between January 2010 and December 2017...

Masticatory myositis (MM) is an inflammatory myopathy reported in dogs and is characterized by inflammation of the masticatory muscles (temporalis, masseter, and pterygoid muscles). Immunosuppressive therapy is the current recommended treatment for MM and may involve glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, leflunomide, or a combination of these treatments that are slowly tapered to the lowest effective dose. However, side effects from multimodal medical therapy and complications associated with MM relapses have been reported...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical effect on Bell's facial palsy in the acute stage between the staging comprehensive treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion and western medication. METHODS: Sixty patients with Bell's facial palsy in the acute stage were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 30 cases in each one. The patients in the control group were administered orally with prednisone acetate tablets and methylcobalamin tablets until the 28th day of illness...

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a common form of chronic glomerulonephritis. Currently, IgAN is one of the main causes of chronic renal failure in China; its prognosis varies greatly between patients, with renal function at the time of diagnosis and prognosis being strongly correlated. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a drug with a good immunomodulatory effect and is commonly used clinically. However, its effects in IgAN have not yet been clearly demonstrated. Therefore, herein, we retrospectively compared the effectiveness and safety of prednisone alone or combined with MMF for the treatment of primary IgAN with moderate-to-severe renal impairment...

INTRODUCTION: The management of patients with complex oncological histories poses unique challenges, particularly when they are on targeted chemotherapy agents known for specific side effects. This case report illuminates the multifaceted complexities encountered in such scenarios, with a focus on the rare complications associated with targeted therapies. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 50-year-old male with an extensive oncological background, including childhood retinoblastoma and radiation-induced leiomyosarcoma...

Takayasu arteritis, a rare and complex vasculitis, presents unique diagnostic and management challenges, particularly when encountered in young adults. We present the case of a 26-year-old female with obesity, prediabetes, hepatic steatosis, an adnexal cyst, Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and asthma, who was transferred to our facility due to concerns about aortitis. Her presentation to the referring institution included dysphagia, heartburn that responded to over-the-counter antacids, and recurrent episodes of stabbing chest pain, which had been occurring intermittently since the age of 17...

BACKGROUND: Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used among patients suffering from a wide range of diseases. Glucocorticoids are very efficacious, but can be accompanied by neuropsychiatric adverse effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses and quantifies the proportion of different neuropsychiatric adverse effects in patients using synthetic glucocorticoids. METHODS: Six electronic databases were searched to identify potentially relevant studies...

Chronic recalcitrant erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) or type 2 reaction (T2R) is a severe condition found in approximately 50% of multibacillary leprosy subjects. T2R is associated with important morbidities and may lead to several disabilities, not only due to nerve damage but also due to the prolonged use of corticosteroids, thalidomide, or immunosuppressors. We describe here four leprosy patients with chronic recalcitrant ENL treated with cyclophosphamide pulse therapy. All subjects had been on prednisone and thalidomide therapy for at least 30 months but showed inflammatory activity when doses were reduced...

For over two decades, the acronym PAPA syndrome has been used to describe an autoinflammatory condition caused by missense mutations in the PSTPIP1 (proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 1) gene and clinically characterized by the presence of pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), and acne (1,2). Due to the involvement of the PSTPIP1 gene in the regulation of innate immunity, mutations of this gene cause abnormal activation of inflammasomes, complexes of NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 proteins...

Glucocorticoids (GCs) continue to be essential agents for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus, since there are no other drugs able to active remission of active disease so rapidly. However, their potential for causing irreversible damage greatly limit their use. Fortunately, some strategies may help take advantage of their huge anti-inflammatory power while limiting GC-induced side effects. This article reviews the pharmacological basis of GC action and their translation into the clinical ground...

Thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus treatment in aPL associated thrombocytopenia. This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients who had persistent positive aPL and thrombocytopenia that was treated with tacrolimus were included. A total of 49 patients [38 females (77.6%)] were enrolled from Nov 2013 to Apr 2022 with a median treatment duration of 22 months...

This commentary provides an independent consideration of data related to the drug vamorolone (VBP15) as an alternative steroid proposed for treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Glucocorticoids such as prednisone and deflazacort have powerful anti-inflammatory benefits and are the standard of care for DMD, but their long-term use can result in severe adverse side effects; thus, vamorolone was designed as a unique dissociative steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, to retain efficacy and minimise these adverse effects...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of budesonide as an intrapolyp injection in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in comparison to control and systemic steroids. METHOD: In a prospective double-blinded controlled randomized clinical trial, 150 patients with CRSwNP were divided into 3 groups in a ratio 1:1:1 where group (A) was given oral prednisolone 1 mg/kg tapered daily for 2 weeks, group (B) was given budesonide intrapolyp injection weekly for 5 consecutive weeks, and group (C) was given intrapolyp injection with saline as the control group...

Abiraterone, a CYP17A1 inhibitor, is used along with prednisone in patients with castration-resistant and castration-sensitive prostate cancer, yielding improved overall and disease-free survival. However, little is documented in the endocrinology literature about the incidences of the endocrine side effects of abiraterone. In this case series, we discuss the diagnosis and management of 3 prostate cancer patients who experienced mineralocorticoid excess and secondary adrenal insufficiency related to abiraterone and prednisone use...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have gained approval as a treatment for a wide array of cancers. Their mechanism of action prevents the inactivation of cytotoxic T-cells, allowing for its cytotoxic response. However, the upregulation of the immune system by ICI also leads to many undesired adverse events known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), ranging from dermatologic manifestations, such as rashes, to inflammation of mucous membranes, to hematologic toxicities. Here, we report a case of ICI-induced pure white cell aplasia, secondary to the agent durvalumab, which responded to treatment with filgrastim, prednisone, and cyclosporine...

INTRODUCTION: Glucocorticoids, also known as corticosteroids or steroids, are drugs derived from cholesterol. They are synthesized by the adrenal cortex, along with other hormones, such as cortisol and aldosterone. Glucocorticoids are drugs recommended for patients undergoing surgery on the oral cavity, facial skeleton, and related cervical structures due to their high efficacy against inflammatory and immune processes. However, these drugs are restricted due to their multiple and serious adverse effects...

Polymyalgia rheumatica is an inflammatory disease producing pain and stiffness, mainly in the shoulders and pelvic girdle, in people older than 50 years. Elevation of acute phase reactants is common due to the inflammatory nature of the disease. Since there are no specific diagnostic tests, diagnosis requires the exclusion of other diseases with similar presentations. Imaging has helped to identify the pathological substrate of polymyalgia rheumatica and it is increasingly used to support clinical diagnosis or to detect coexistent giant cell arteritis...

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disabling X-linked recessive disorder that causes gradual and irreversible loss of muscle, resulting in early death. The corticosteroids prednisone/prednisolone and deflazacort are used to treat DMD as the standard of care; however, only deflazacort is FDA approved for DMD. The novel atypical corticosteroid vamorolone is being investigated for treatment of DMD. We compared the pharmaceutical properties as well as the efficacy and safety of the three corticosteroids across multiple doses in the B10-mdx DMD mouse model...

PURPOSE: Non-HIV cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) in previously healthy individuals is often complicated by a post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (c-PIIRS) characterized by neurologic deterioration after appropriate antifungal therapy with sterilization of CSF fungal cultures. c-PIIRS results from an excessive inflammatory response to fungal antigens released during fungal lysis, mediated by IFN-γ, IL-6, and activated T-helper cells, leading to immune-mediated host damage that responds to pulse-corticosteroid taper therapy (PCT)...