American indian

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to examine racial disparities in marijuana use among U.S. adults living with children. METHODS: Data are drawn from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine the prevalence of current (past month) and frequent (≥20 days in the last 30 days) marijuana use along with the mode of marijuana use by 7 racial and ethnic groups (non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH-Black, Hispanic, NH American Indian or Alaskan Native [AI/AN], NH-Asian, NH Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander only [NH/PI], and other/multiple races, n=22,659)...

PURPOSE: This study aims to examine a second-order latent variable of family functioning built from two established protective factors for American Indian (AI) youth, i.e. family cohesion and parental monitoring. This study then examines if family functioning is related to alcohol use frequency or age of initiation for AI youth. Additionally, this study examines if family functioning served as a moderator for the risk factor of peer alcohol use. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Data came from the 2021 Our Youth, Our Future survey...

INTRODUCTION: High rates of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among some ethnoracially minoritized United States youth populations may be related to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with structural roots. METHODS: Using the 2013-2019 Minnesota Student Surveys, we assessed associations of student-reported structural ACEs (parental incarceration, housing instability, food insecurity, and foster care involvement) with SI, SA, and repetitive NSSI within the past 12 months using multilevel logistic regression stratified by ethnoracial group (American Indian/Alaskan Native [AIAN], Hmong, other Asian, Black Latino, other Latino, Somali, other Black/African American [AA], Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander [NHPI], and multiracial), and adjusted for sex, grade, ACEs experienced within one's household, mental health treatment, and perceived safety...

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the prevalence and correlates of co-occurring opioid use disorder and opioid overdose among individuals receiving psychiatric services. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of adults with continuous enrollment in New York State Medicaid who received at least one psychiatric service in 2020 (N=523,885). Logistic regression models were used to examine the correlates of both opioid use disorder and overdose. RESULTS: In the study sample, the prevalence rate of opioid use disorder was 8...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The role of alcohol varies considerably among Indigenous Peoples and is the backdrop of persistent stereotypes despite decades of research. This paper provides an updated narrative review on the alcohol literature among Indigenous communities, highlighting recent studies published since 2017. RECENT FINDINGS: We examined published literature involving alcohol use rates, including abstinence; risk and protective factors; treatment; and recovery, as well as future directions for alcohol prevention and intervention efforts with Indigenous communities...

INTRODUCTION: Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) peoples in Alaska currently experience a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality from tobacco cigarette use. Financial incentives for smoking cessation are evidence-based, but a family-level incentive structure has not been evaluated. We used a community-based participatory research and qualitative approach to culturally adapt a smoking cessation intervention with ANAI families. METHODS: We conducted individual, semi-structured telephone interviews with 12 ANAI adults who smoke, 12 adult family members, and 13 Alaska Tribal Health System stakeholders statewide between November 2022-March 2023...

BACKGROUND: Textile-sizing mill workers are exposed to various hazards in the sizing units during their working hours and are at risk of acquiring lung impairments due to the usage of sizing chemicals in the sizing process. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study is to assess the influence of cotton dust and sizing agents on lung function and breathing difficulties among Indian textile sizing mill workers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out at a textile-sizing mill from August 2022 to September 2022...

IMPORTANCE: Mental and substance use disorders can interfere with parents' ability to care for their children and are associated with a greater likelihood of child protective services involvement to address child maltreatment. Parent engagement in psychiatric and substance use disorder treatment can prevent child maltreatment and family separations. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether caregivers with psychiatric or substance use disorders whose children were referred to child protective services received Medicaid-funded psychiatric or substance use disorder treatment...

IMPORTANCE: Considerable racial segregation exists in US hospitals that cannot be explained by where patients live. Approaches to measuring such segregation are limited. OBJECTIVE: To measure how and where sorting of older Black patients to different hospitals occurs within the same health care market. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cross-sectional study used 2019 Medicare claims data linked to geographic data. Hospital zip code markets were based on driving time...

Studies on epilepsy mortality in the United States are limited. We used the National Vital Statistics System Multiple Cause of Death data to investigate mortality rates and trends during 2011-2021 for epilepsy (defined by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes G40.0-G40.9) as an underlying, contributing, or any cause of death (i.e., either an underlying or contributing cause) for U.S. residents. We also examined epilepsy as an underlying or contributing cause of death by selected sociodemographic characteristics to assess mortality rate changes and disparities in subpopulations...

Behavioral economic theory has been extensively applied to understand alcohol use disorder (AUD). Applications of behavioral economic theory conceptualize AUD as a pattern of harmful alcohol use over extended periods of time in which choices between drinking or engaging in alcohol-free activities favor drinking. Recovery, in contrast, entails a sustained shift toward a pattern of selecting rewarding alcohol-free activities. The present study examined whether alcohol-free activity engagement and the relative-reinforcement value (RRV) of engaging in those activities predicted AUD treatment outcomes via secondary analysis of data from Project MATCH, a multisite randomized clinical trial examining behavioral treatments for AUD ( N = 1,279, 75...

Wastewater-based epidemiology is a promising public health tool that can yield a more representative view of the population than case reporting. However, only about 80% of the U.S. population is connected to public sewers, and the characteristics of populations missed by wastewater-based epidemiology are unclear. To address this gap, we used publicly available datasets to assess sewer connectivity in the U.S. by location, demographic groups, and economic groups. Data from the U.S. Census' American Housing Survey revealed that sewer connectivity was lower than average when the head of household was American Indian and Alaskan Native, White, non-Hispanic, older, and for larger households and those with higher income, but smaller geographic scales revealed local variations from this national connectivity pattern...

IMPORTANCE: Organized screening outreach can reduce differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality between demographic subgroups. Outcomes associated with additional outreach, beyond universal outreach, are not well known. OBJECTIVE: To compare CRC screening completion by race and ethnicity, age, and sex after universal automated outreach and additional personalized outreach. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This observational cohort study included screening-eligible individuals aged 50 to 75 years assessed during 2019 in a community-based organized CRC screening program within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) integrated health care delivery setting...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study investigates temporal trends in gastrointestinal cancer-related mortality in the United States between 1999 and 2020, focusing on differences by sex, age, and race. METHODS: We investigated the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research multiple causes of death database (Years 1999-2020) for gastrointestinal cancer-related mortality with a focus on the underlying cause of death. RESULTS: A total of 3 115 243 gastrointestinal cancer-related deaths occurred from 1999 to 2020...

CONTEXT: One of the essential components for successful caries management is caries risk assessment (CRA). Among CRA tools (CRATs) published in the literature: Caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) 123 and American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) CRATs are specifically designed for infants and toddlers. AIMS: The aim of this study is to compare readily available internationally accepted CRAT for infants and toddlers and check the usability of these tools in assigning caries risk among the Indian population...

The purpose of this scoping review was to determine the extent to which accessibility and acceptability of federal food assistance programs in the United States (U.S.) have been evaluated among Indigenous Peoples, and to summarize what is currently known. Twelve publications were found that examine aspects of accessibility or acceptability by indigenous peoples of one or more federal food assistance programs, including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and/or the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) (n=8), the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) (n=3), and the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) (n=1)...

BACKGROUND: Asian and multiracial individuals represent the 2 fastest growing racial and ethnic groups in the United States, yet most prior studies report Asian American and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander as a single racial group, with limited data on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence among subgroups. We sought to evaluate temporal trends in CVD burden among disaggregated Asian subgroups. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with CVD based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision ( ICD-9 and ICD-10 ) coding who received care from a mixed-payer health care organization in California between 2008 and 2018 were classified into self-identified racial and ethnic subgroups (non-Hispanic White [NHW], Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and multiracial groups)...

Background Osteosarcoma (OSC) is the most common primary bone tumor and is often managed surgically. Few prior investigations have assessed differences in OSC survival by specific surgical techniques at a national registry level. We sought to compare survival based on surgical subtypes for OSC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methodology We searched the SEER database for malignant OSCs diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 which were surgically managed. Separate survival comparisons were made for one and five years for wide excision (local tumor destruction or resection versus partial resection) and radical excision (radical resection with limb-sparing versus limb amputation with or without girdle resection)...

BACKGROUND: Annual trends of lower extremity amputation due to end-stage chronic disease are on the rise in the United States. These amputations are leading to massive expenses for patients and the medical system. In Oklahoma, we have a high-risk population because access to care is low, the number of uninsured is high, cardiovascular health is poor, and our overall healthcare performance is ranked 50th in the country. But we know little about Oklahomans and their risk of limb loss. It is, therefore, imperative to look closely at this population to discover contemporary rates, trends, and state-specific risk factors for amputation due to diabetes and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD)...

Reports an error in "Emotional context and predictability in naturalistic reading aloud" by Jessica M. Alexander and George A. Buzzell ( Emotion , Advanced Online Publication, Sep 14, 2023, np). In the article (https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001298), Table 1 as originally reported contained an error with respect to participant demographics. Specifically, participants who had selected multiple categories for race/ethnicity were mistakenly assigned to only the first alphabetical category selected. Updates have been made in the Race/ethnicity section of Table 1, to change the heading "American Indian or Alaska Native" to "Multiple selected," and to the relevant statistics under that heading as well as under the "Hispanic, Latino/a/x, or Spanish origin" and "Asian" headings...