Orthodontia

BACKGROUND: Researchers have generally focused on tissue reactions occurring within the periodontal ligament and bone to find possible explanation for various clinical phenomena, with less attention being paid to the inherent bone density. Recently, regional differences in jaw anatomy and bone structure including bone density have become important issue to explain some of the variation in clinical practice with respect to tooth movement, implant success rate, anchorage loss etc. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The intent of this review is to discuss various methods and classification proposed to determine bone density in particular area and its importance in field of orthodontia...

PURPOSE: To determine the long-term stability of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent MMA and genial tubercle advancement (GTA) for treatment of OSA. Patients were included if they 1) were older than 19 years; 2) had a confirmatory polysomnogram; 3) underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral sagittal split osteotomies, and GTA; 4) had adequate radiographic documentation; and 5) at least 11 months of follow-up...

The professional distinction of "surgeon-dentist," created in France in the 18th century, stimulated dentistry's early advance as a learned profession. By 1841, Pierre-Joachim Lefoulon coined the term "orthodontosie," which was the root of "orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics" as a distinct academic field and a specialty. In 1907, the American Orthodontist became the first scientific journal in the world completely devoted to orthodontics. Its failure after 5 years of publication prompted former editor Martin Dewey to find a new publisher for an orthodontic specialty journal...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the changes of soft and hard tissues after anterior segmental osteotomy and to evaluate these changes using cepahalometric and photometric analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients aged 18-30 years who underwent anterior segmental osteotomy were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative records consisted of lateral cephalogram and frontal and lateral photographs. Postoperative measurements were taken six months after surgery...

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BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate surgery in the developing child is known to be associated with maxillary hypoplasia. However, the effects of nonsurgical manipulations on maxillary growth have not been well investigated. The authors present the contribution of orthodontic dental space closure with canine substitution to maxillary hypoplasia and the need for orthognathic surgery. METHODS: Cleft lip/palate and cleft palate patients older than 15 years of age were reviewed for dental anomalies, orthodontic canine substitution, and Le Fort I advancement...

Increasing the vertical dimension is essential to resolving problems associated with deep bite. Restorative dentistry, orthodontia, and oral surgery are the three disciplines that can help to gain the vertical dimension necessary in these patients. This clinical report presents the results of increasing vertical dimension with a full-mouth restorative treatment procedure for a 40-year-old male patient who exhibited severe deep bite. After clinical evaluation, extraoral examination showed a reduction of the lower facial height and protuberant lips, wrinkles, drooping, and overclosed commissures...

PURPOSE: This study used cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate morphologic changes of the mandibular anterior ridge after using augmented corticotomy plus accelerated orthodontia to decompensate mandibular incisors in patients with surgical skeletal Class III. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients (8 men, 6 women; mean age, 26.14 yr) with skeletal Class III were treated before orthognathic surgery with a technique that combined corticotomy, bone grafting, and accelerated orthodontic forces to decompensate the lower incisors...

BACKGROUND: Limited studies suggest that pubertal development may lead to a recurrence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) despite previous curative surgery. Our study evaluates the impact of myofunctional reeducation in children with SDB referred for adenotonsillectomy, orthodontia, and myofunctional treatment in three different geographic areas. METHODS: A retrospective investigation of children with polysomnographic analysis following adenotonsillectomy were referred for orthodontic treatment and were considered for myofunctional therapy...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Pentax-AWS Airway Scope (AWS) in comparison to the Macintosh laryngoscope during nasotracheal intubation. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. SETTING: Operating room of a university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS: 90 ASA physical status 1 and 2 adults, aged 18 to 72 years, scheduled for orthodontia surgery requiring nasotracheal intubation. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to three groups to undergo tracheal intubation with a Macintosh laryngoscope (Group Mac; n = 30), AWS with its tip inserted into the vallecula for indirect elevation of the epiglottis (Group AWS-I; n = 30), or AWS with its tip positioned posterior to the epiglottis for direct elevation of the epiglottis (Group AWS-D; n = 30)...

OBJECTIVES: The study aims to better understand the reappearance of sleep apnoea in adolescents considered cured of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) following adenotonsillectomy and orthodontic treatment. STUDY DESIGN: The study employs a retrospective analysis of 29 adolescents (nine girls and 20 boys) with OSA previously treated with adenotonsillectomy and orthodontia at a mean age of 7.5years. During follow-up at 11 and 14years of age, patients were clinically evaluated, filled the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and had systematic cephalometric X-rays performed by orthodontists...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the immediate differences in craniocervical posture and pressure pain threshold of the greater occipital (GO) nerve in asymptomatic subjects with a history of having used orthodontics, after intervention by a suboccipital muscle inhibition (SMI) technique. METHODS: This was a randomized, single-blind, clinical study with a sample of 24 subjects (21±1.78 years) that were divided into an experimental group (n=12) who underwent the SMI technique and a sham group (n=12) who underwent a sham (placebo) intervention...

OBJECTIVE: External apical root resorption (EARR) is permanent shortening of the end of the tooth root. It is a common clinical complication of orthodontic treatment. Polymorphisms in the interleukin 1 (IL1) gene cluster have been related to an increased EARR risk. The aim of this study was to analyze possible associations of IL1 gene variants with EARR in Czech population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, 32 patients with EARR (age 15.0 ± 4.1 years) and 74 controls (age 15...

INTRODUCTION: Of children aged 0-17 years in the USA, an estimated 11 203 616 (15.1%; 95% CI: 14.8, 15.3) are Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN). The state of West Virginia, the heart of Appalachia, has a land mass which is 97.65% rural with previously identified high overall dental need and oral health disparities. It is home to an estimated 70 609 CSHCN, or 18.5% (95% CI: 17.0, 19.9) of the state's children in 2009-2010. The purpose of this study was to determine the parent/guardian's perceived unmet dental care need of CSHCN in West Virginia...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The clinical use of information technology in the dental profession has increased substantially in the past 10 to 20 years. In most developing countries an insufficiency of medical and dental specialists has increased the mortality of patients suffering from various diseases. Employing technology, especially artificial intelligence technology, in medical and dental application could reduce cost, time, human expertise and medical error. This approach has the potential to revolutionise the dental public health scenario in developing countries...

Orthognathic surgery is routinely performed for patients with dentofacial deformity and has been conducted for more than 100 years (1). Orthognathic Surgery is a functional and esthetic surgery that affects patients self perception. Patients have noted an improvement in their facial appearance after orthognathic surgery that was associated with improvement in psychosocial adjustments (2). When the decision to move both the maxilla and the mandible is made, there are numerous variables to be considered. Among these variables are the stability of double jaw surgery, improving the masticatory function of the patient and lastly, the esthetic result...

Despite the century that has passed since Dr. Edward Hartley Angle (1855-1930) launched a new dental specialty, his personal vision of why he believed orthodontics needed to separate from dentistry has remained somewhat obscure. This study seeks to provide more clarity to this question. Angle followed a very distinct pattern of secession or separation throughout his life, a pattern which ended up benefitting the orthodontic specialty's elevation as an independent and advanced science within dentistry. Even so, it was ultimately those things he disliked about the academic community, the very community within which dentistry flourished, that finally moved him to force the issue by separating himself from that community...

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