Mthf

BACKGROUND: Folic acid is a class of B vitamins that have the function of improving intestinal microbiota. RESULT: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum(L. plantarum) LZ227, which is a highly folate-producing strain, was used as the research object, and the folic acid produced by LZ227 was further identified by LC-MS, and the structural diversity, community composition, abundance difference, and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) content in fermentation broth were studied by the manure slurry fermentation model...

Folic acid supplementation is recommended perinatally, but may increase unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) in human milk; this is concerning as it is an inactive form which may be less bioavailable for the infant. "Natural" (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid [(6S)-5-MTHF] is available as an alternative to folic acid, and may prevent the accumulation of UMFA in human milk. Pregnant women (n = 60) were enrolled at 8-21 weeks of gestation and randomized to 0.6 mg/day folic acid or (6S)-5-MTHF...

BACKGROUND: Folate intake might reduce [68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 uptake in tissues due to a competitive binding to the PSMA receptor. For diagnostic imaging, this could impact decision making, while during radioligand therapy this could affect treatment efficacy. The relationship between folate dose, timing of dosing and tumor and organ uptake is not well established. The aim of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict the effect of folates on [68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT uptake in salivary glands, kidneys and tumors...

AIM: 6S-5-methyltetrahydrofolate is the predominant form of dietary folate in circulation and is used as a crystalline form of calcium salt (MTHF-Ca). Reports revealed that MTHF-Ca was more safe than folic acid, a synthetic and highly stable version of folate. Folic acid has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. The study's objective was to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of MTHF-Ca in vitro and in vivo. MAIN METHODS: In vitro, the ROS production was assessed by H2DCFDA, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB were evaluated by the NF-κB nuclear translocation assay kit...

BACKGROUND: Over 48.5 million couples are reported with infertility worldwide. Health policy recommends folic acid in women of childbearing age, particularly in preconception and pregnancy which results in women purchasing over-the-counter prenatal multivitamins containing folic acid through pharmacies and other retail outlets. Emerging studies are investigating whether other forms of supplemental folate are more suitable, particularly for those with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) polymorphisms...

Cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) is a rare progressive neurological condition characterized by normal blood folate level and low 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Patients present with different neurological findings including hypotonia and microcephaly. Later, patients develop ataxia, seizures, para or quadri-plagia. Herein, we report two siblings; born to consanguineous parents; who had normal neurological development in early childhood. Subsequently they developed drug-resistant seizures, neurological regression, and spastic quadriplegia...

BACKGROUND: Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is caused by duplications and/or deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is typically diagnosed based on a classic triad of symptoms with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), retinitis pigmentosa, and onset before age 20 years. The present study aimed to diagnose two patients, on suspicion of KSS. METHODS: One of the patients went through a diagnostic odyssey, with normal results from several mtDNA analyses, both in blood and muscle, before the diagnosis was confirmed genetically...

BACKGROUND: Human milk is the sole source of folate in exclusively breastfed infants. We investigated whether human milk folate or maternal plasma folate are associated with infants' folate status and postnatal growth in the first 4 months of life. METHODS: Exclusively breastfed infants (n = 120) were recruited at age < 1 month (baseline). Blood samples were available at baseline and at the age of 4 months. Plasma and breastmilk samples were available from the mothers at 8 weeks postpartum...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Pregnancy-associated vascular remodelling is essential for both maternal and fetal health. We have previously shown that maternal endothelial cell tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency causes poor pregnancy outcomes. Here, we investigated the role and mechanisms of endothelial cell-mediated vasorelaxation function in these outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The vascular reactivity of mouse aortas and uterine arteries from non-pregnant and pregnant endothelial cell-specific BH4 deficient mice (Gch1fl/fl Tie2cre mice) was assessed by wire myography...

The main bottleneck in the direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid (LA), a promising bio-based platform chemical, lies in the severe formation of humins, especially at high substrate loading (>10 wt%). Herein, we report an efficient catalytic system consisting of a 2-methyltetrahydrofuran/water (MTHF/H2 O) biphasic solvent with NaCl and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as additives for converting cellulose (15 wt%) to LA in the presence of a benzenesulfonic acid catalyst. We show that both NaCl and CTAB accelerated the depolymerization of cellulose and formation of LA...

Herein we report an efficient hydrosilylation strategy to selectively defunctionalize biomass-derived levulinic acid into value-added chemicals such as 1,4-pentanediol, 2-pentanol, 2-MTHF and C-5 hydrocarbons using cost-effective silanes and the commercially available catalyst B(C6F5)3 at room temperature. All reactions work well in chlorinated solvents but as a greener alternative most reactions can be run in toluene or solvent-less.

BACKGROUND: Folate intake and polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene may affect folate metabolism in infants. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between infant's MTHFR C677T genotype, the dietary folate source, and concentrations of folate markers in the blood. METHODS: We studied 110 breastfed infants (reference) and 182 infants who were randomly assigned to receive infant formulas enriched with either 78 μg folic acid or 81 μg (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) per 100 g milk powder for 12 wk...

OBJECTIVE: We aim to examine the associations of different serum folate forms (total folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate [5-mTHF] and unmetabolized folic acid [UMFA]), with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced fibrosis. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 6610 participants aged ≥ 18 years from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. NAFLD was defined as a United States fatty liver index (USFLI) ≥ 30...

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a disease in which neurological findings are dominant due to deficiencies in neurotransmitter synthesis; hypoglycemia caused by autonomic dysfunction is one of the symptoms that may be encountered. Here we report a mild AADC deficiency presenting with hypoglycemia without a neurological sign. A 4-year-old girl presented with recurrent hypoglycemia. Her growth and development were normal. Plasma insulin and cortisol values were normal in the sample at the time of hypoglycemia...

The effects of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) on a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3 ) were investigated. Wistar rats were given an i.p. injection of 60 mg/kg D-gal and 10 mg/kg AlCl3 to induce AD and three doses of 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg 5-MTHF by oral gavage. A positive control group was treated with 1 mg/kg donepezil by gavage. Morris water maze performance showed that 5 and 10 mg/kg 5-MTHF significantly decreased escape latency and increased the number of platform crossings and time spent in the target quadrant for AD rats...

Folic acid (FA) is a synthetic and highly stable version of folate, while 6S-5-methyltetrahydrofolate is the predominant form of dietary folate in circulation and is used as a crystalline form of calcium salt (MTHF-Ca). The current study aims to evaluate the toxicity and safety of FA and MTHF-Ca on embryonic development, with a focus on cardiovascular defects. We began to analyze the toxicity of FA and MTHF-Ca in zebrafish from four to seventy-two hours postfertilization and assessed the efficacy of FA and MTHF-Ca in a zebrafish angiogenesis model...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a method that enabled granulation in a counter-rotating batch mixer to emulate large scale dry twin screw granulation trials. METHODS: Four granulations were prepared using counter rotating batch mixing for formulations containing a mixture of different particle sizes of the API (70% w/w) and polymer (30% w/w). Milled theophylline (MTHF; fine API) was blended with coarse hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC MF; coarse polymer), theophylline (THF; coarse API) with fine hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC EXF, fine polymer), and the other two formulations consisted of both components in the blend being fine or coarse...

Depression is a very common mental disorder and mechanism that is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. In the present study, we examined the mechanisms of action of isolated brain mitochondria in rats with depression for the first time. This will help identify the mitochondrial protective pathways of the two drugs and shed light on new therapeutic goals for developing antidepressants. Forced swimming, tail suspension, and sucrose preference tests were used to assess depressive-like behaviors and the oxidative stress factors of brain tissue, and measure the gene expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic, neuroplasticity, and neuroinflammatory factors by RT-PCR and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain tissue (hippocampus and prefrontal) and the serum levels of corticosterone and fasting blood sugar...

The production of conjugated C4-C5 dienes from biomass can enable the sustainable synthesis of many important polymers and liquid fuels. Here, we report the first example of bimetallic (Nb, Al)-atomically doped mesoporous silica, denoted as AlNb-MCM-41, which affords quantitative conversion of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) to pentadienes with a high selectivity of 91%. The incorporation of Al(III) and Nb(V) sites into the framework of AlNb-MCM-41 has effectively tuned the nature and distribution of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites within the structure...

2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) is a desirable biomass-based platform chemical with excellent potential as an ideal biofuel, green solvent, and raw material for synthesizing downstream chemicals. In this work, a series of copper nanoparticles encapsulated on SiO2 were prepared by the wet impregnation method and evaluated as efficient non-noble metal catalysts for the vapour-phase hydrogenation of γ-valerolactone (GVL) to MTHF in a fixed-bed reactor under mild reaction conditions. The obtained catalyst properties were determined by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, UV-DRS, TPR, NH3 -TPD, N2 O decomposition and pore size distribution measurements...