Jacob A Dillard, Sharon A Taft-Benz, Audrey C Knight, Elizabeth J Anderson, Katia D Pressey, Breantié Parotti, Sabian A Martinez, Jennifer L Diaz, Sanjay Sarkar, Emily A Madden, Gabriela De la Cruz, Lily E Adams, Kenneth H Dinnon, Sarah R Leist, David R Martinez, Alexandra Schäfer, John M Powers, Boyd L Yount, Izabella N Castillo, Noah L Morales, Jane Burdick, Mia Katrina D Evangelista, Lauren M Ralph, Nicholas C Pankow, Colton L Linnertz, Premkumar Lakshmanane, Stephanie A Montgomery, Martin T Ferris, Ralph S Baric, Victoria K Baxter, Mark T Heise
Whole virus-based inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide have been critical to the COVID-19 pandemic response. Although these vaccines are protective against homologous coronavirus infection, the emergence of novel variants and the presence of large zoonotic reservoirs harboring novel heterologous coronaviruses provide significant opportunities for vaccine breakthrough, which raises the risk of adverse outcomes like vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease. Here, we use a female mouse model of coronavirus disease to evaluate inactivated vaccine performance against either homologous challenge with SARS-CoV-2 or heterologous challenge with a bat-derived coronavirus that represents a potential emerging disease threat...
May 3, 2024: Nature Communications