Gemifloxacine

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Little remains known regarding whether newer FQ with less anti-mycobacterial activity (gemifloxacin) would reduce treatment delay. METHODS: We identified one hospital-based cohort (HBC) and one population-based cohort (PBC) including patients receiving amoxicillin/clavulanate acid (Beta-lactam), gemifloxacin (Gemi), and fluoroquinolones other than gemifloxacin (Non-Gemi FQ) prior to TB treatment. RESULTS: A total of 201 patients in the HBC and 3544 patients in the PBC were recruited...

Pharmacological efficacy is based on the drug concentration in target tissues, which usually cannot be represented by the plasma concentration. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of gemifloxacin in plasma and skeletal muscle and evaluate its tissue penetration in both healthy and MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)-infected rats. A microdialysis (MD) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine free gemifloxacin concentrations in rat plasma and skeletal muscle simultaneously...

Background: Quinolones are among the most effective antibiotics against  Pseudomonas  spp. Several chromosomal and/or plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance mechanisms have been found in  Pseudomonas .  Plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance (PMQR) is mediated by quinolone-resistance (QNR) proteins, modifying enzymes or efflux pumps. Only a few previous studies examined the prevalence of quinolone-resistance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and showed it is increasing. Mechanisms of quinolone-resistance among  Pseudomonas  spp...

BACKGROUND: Gemifloxacin given once daily for 5-7 days has been shown to be non-inferior to, or in some instances superior to, comparator agents for the treatment of common lower respiratory tract infections. Gemifloxacin is generally well tolerated and is as safe as many frequently empirically prescribed antimicrobials. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 46-year-old woman given gemifloxacin for an upper respiratory tract infection who developed allergic myocardial infarction 15 min after taking an oral dose of 320 mg gemifloxacin...

In recent times, several studies have been undertaken on the artificial mass-rearing of insects in which clinical antibacterial antibiotics, including gemifloxacin, which is a DNA gyrase and topoisomerases inhibitor, are amended into the diet to control microbial contamination and preserve diet. The findings of these studies have suggested the possibility that these antibiotics influence the biological traits of insects in relation to their oxidative effects. This study investigated the effects of gemifloxacin on Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) survival rates, development times, and male-female adult longevity...

Endophthalmitis, an intraocular infection, may lead to irreversible loss of vision. Antimicrobial chemotherapy is prescribed prior to ocular surgical procedures to avoid endophthalmitis. Fluoroquinolones are the most commonly prescribed and used antibiotics during such procedures. However, the selection of a single entity and proper regimen is not specified in medical guidelines. The objective of this study is to develop a rapid and selective simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopic method to explore the bioavailability of 4 fluoroquinolones, including 0...

(+)-Catechin is a versatile compound with its pharmacophore (catechol and resorcinol) responsible for prooxidant and antibacterial activities. In this study, we present that demonstrating the synergistic interaction between (+)-catechin and quinolone-based antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and gemifloxacin is related to reactive oxygen species generation. The minimum inhibitory concentration of (+)-catechin against Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 were considerably lowered for ΔsodB and ΔkatG mutants. Checkerboard assay shows synergistic interactions between (+)-catechin and quinolones...

In this study, 15 commercial acidic drugs have been evaluated for pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activity using an in vitro spectrophotometric method. The acidity was the basis of selection, since most PL inhibitors exhibit acidic groups and high lipophilicity. Orlistat was the robust reference agent for potency and efficacy determinations. In comparison to the cisplatin, the evaluation of the antineoplastic activities of selected drugs in a panel of colorectal cancer cell lines (HT-29, HCT-116, SW620, CACO-2, and SW480) and normal periodontal ligament fibroblasts for safety examination was performed by using a sulforhodamine procuring ascorbic acid as a reference in diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay of radical scavenging properties was performed...

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a lung infection that can be acquired during day-to-day activities in the community (not while receiving care in a hospital). Community-acquired pneumonia poses a significant public health burden in terms of mortality, morbidity, and costs. Shorter antibiotic courses for CAP may limit treatment costs and adverse effects, but the optimal duration of antibiotic treatment is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-course versus longer-course treatment with the same antibiotic at the same daily dosage for CAP in non-hospitalised adolescents and adults (outpatients)...

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis. Antibiotic therapy of early acute infection is effective for most patients, but 10 to 20% go on to develop posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). The nature of PTLDS remains unknown, but currently approved antibiotics for the treatment of Lyme disease do not appear to impact these symptoms after they have developed. We reason that minimizing the time the pathogen interacts with the host will diminish the probability of developing PTLDS, irrespective of its nature...

BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolone (FQ) prescription rates have increased over the last 10 years despite recent warnings of serious adverse effects such as peripheral neuropathy and tendinopathy. Currently, there are no published data on the extent or appropriateness of FQ prescribing in children. METHODS: Drug prescription data from the PharMetrics Plus health claims database (United States) were analyzed to examine dispensing of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, or gemifloxacin to children from 2006 to 2015...

Three novel mixed ligand metal complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of Zn(II), Sn(II), and Ce(III) with gemifloxacin (GMFX) in the presence of glycine (Gly) (1:1:1 molar ratio). The coordination possibility of the two ligands toward metal ions has been proposed in the light of elemental analysis, molar conductance, spectral infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), and magnetic studies. Results suggest that GMFX and Gly interact with the metal ions as bidentate ligands...

The electrochemical study of the Gemifloxacin has been conducted using cyclic voltammetry technique at gold electrode. Gemifloxacin is antibacterial compound. In present study the electrochemical parameters of Gemifloxacin were determined in (0.04M) Britton Robinson Buffer as a supporting electrolyte at different pH ranging from 2-6 pH. This buffer was selected according to the appropriate solubility of these pharmaceutical compounds. Voltammograms of Gemifloxacin have been recorded at six different scan rates of 20, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mV/s...

In this paper, novel univariate and multivariate regression methods along with model-updating technique were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of quaternary mixture of imatinib (IMB), gemifloxacin (GMI), nalbuphine (NLP) and naproxen (NAP). The univariate method is extended derivative ratio (EDR) which depends on measuring every drug in the quaternary mixture by using a ternary mixture of the other three drugs as divisor. Peak amplitudes were measured at 294nm, 250nm, 283nm and 239nm within linear concentration ranges of 4...

The influence of 2-(2-nitrovinyl) furan on the activities of selected bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics was investigated. Minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration index were determined to evaluate the interaction between 2-(2-nitrovinyl) furan and the antibiotics. 2-(2-nitrovinyl) furan exhibited additive interactions with chloramphenicol, erythromycin, lincomycin and gemifloxacin. However, synergistic interaction was observed with amoxicillin, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin...

PURPOSE: Teratogens cause birth defects and malformations while human development is being completed. In pregnancy, urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common health problem caused by bacteria. The fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gemifloxacin can treat various types of bacterial infections successfully. The aim of this study is to determine whether the use of ciprofloxacin during pregnancy causes oxidative stress on brain tissues of the fetus, and whether quercetin contributes to prevent this damage if stress has already occurred...

The environmental resistome has been recognized as the origin and reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and considered to be dynamic and ever expanding. In this study, a targeted gene sequencing approach revealed that the polymorphic diversity of the aminoglycoside-inactivating enzyme AAC(6')-Ib was ecological niche-specific. AAC(6')-Ib-cr, previously known as a clinical variant, was prevalent in various soils and the intestines of chickens and humans, suggesting that this variant might not have arisen from adaptive mutations in the clinic but instead originated from the environment...

Nuclear medicine imaging has been used to localize infection sites, and efforts have been continued to develop modified infection specific radiopharmaceuticals. In this study gemifloxacin as a broad-spectrum quinolone has been labeled with [(99m)Tc (CO)3 (H2O)3](+) core in order to evaluate its feasibility as an infection imaging agent for in-vivo use. The stability of radioconjugate was checked in human serum at 37 °C and biodistribution was studied in mice. Labeling yield of > 95% was obtained corresponding to a specific activity of 0...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product. The present study was conducted in order to monitor the frequency and severity of ADR during antimicrobial therapy of septicemia. METHODS: A prospective, observational, and noncomparative study was conducted over a period of 6 months on patients of septicemia admitted at a university hospital. Naranjo algorithm scale was used for causality assessment...

Gemifloxacin (GEM) is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic. The presence of GEM residuals in industrial and hospital wastewater has been associated with genotoxicity and antibiotic resistance. In this contribution, the photodegradation of GEM using titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs)/H2 O2 as a catalyst was optimized to eliminate residual drug and its photodegradates with antibacterial activity. A half-factorial design was implemented, investigating the effects of pH, initial concentration, H2 O2 concentration, TiO2 NP loading, and irradiation time...