volatile agent

Garlic essential oil (GEO) is a potential natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent for food preservation, but its intrinsic low water-solubility, high volatility and poor stability severely limit its application and promotion. In this work, we investigated the synergistic stabilization of the GEO-in-water nanoemulsion using carboxymethyl chitosan (CCS) and Tween 80 (TW 80). Additionally, the nanoemulsion was fabricated through high-pressure microfluidization and utilized for the coating-mediated preservation of chilled pork...

Combating antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest health challenges because of the ineffectiveness of standard biocide treatments. This challenge could be approached using natural products, which have demonstrated powerful therapeutics against multidrug-resistant microbes. In the present work, a nanodevice consisting of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with an essential oil component (cinnamaldehyde) and functionalized with the polypeptide ε-poly-l-lysine is developed and used as an antimicrobial agent...

Despite rapid advancements in the photovoltaic efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their operational stability remains a significant challenge for commercialization. This instability mainly arises from light-induced halide ion migration and subsequent oxidation into iodine (I2 ). The situation is exacerbated when considering the heat effects at elevated temperatures, leading to the volatilization of I2 and resulting in irreversible device degradation. Mercaptoethylammonium iodide (ESAI) is thus incorporated into perovskite as an additive to inhibit the oxidation of iodide anion (I- ) and  the light-induced degradation pathway of FAPbI3 →FAI+PbI2 ...

BACKGROUND: Maize stalk rot (MSR) caused by Fusarium graminearum is the primary factor contributing to the reduction in maize yield and quality. However, this soil-borne disease is challenging to control in agriculture through field management and the use of chemical agents. The process of screening novel biocontrol agents can aid in the creation of innovative and successful MSR control strategies. RESULTS: A total of 407 strains of bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a resistant maize inbred line...

BACKGROUND: General anesthesia is inevitable for pediatric patients undergoing surgery, though volatile anesthetic agents may cause neuroinflammation and neurodevelopmental impairment; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the neuroinflammation mechanism in developing rat brains associated with sevoflurane exposure time, by identifying the specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) pathway and evaluating the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in alleviating neuroinflammation...

Due to allergenic concerns, only pea, potato, and wheat proteins have been approved as alternatives for replacing animal-based fining agents in wines. In pursuit of other substitutes, this work aimed to determine the fining ability of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) proteins (AP) in red wine, compared to quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) (QP) and a commercial pea protein. Phenolic and volatile composition, as well as color characteristics, were analyzed. AP was as effective as QP at decreasing condensed tannins, with AP at 50 g/hL being the most effective treatment (25...

Daqu is the saccharifying, fermenting, and aroma-producing agent used in Baijiu brewing, and its maturation is crucial for obtaining high-quality Daqu. Previous studies have explored the microbial community composition and diversity before and after maturation. However, little is known about the changes in the functions of microbial community. In this study, based on the analyses of enzyme activities and volatile compounds of medium-temperature Daqu before and after maturation, metagenomics was used to analyze the differences in the composition of microbial community and the potential functions, with the aim to explore the microorganisms involved in changes in enzyme activities and important volatiles...

BACKGROUND: The effects of military environmental exposures (MEE) such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), tactile herbicides, airborne hazards and open burn pits (AHOBP), and depleted uranium on health are salient concerns for service members and Veterans. However, little work has been done to investigate the relationship between MEE and risk of breast cancer. DATA SOURCES AND METHODS: We conducted a scoping review on MEE, military deployment/service, and risk of breast cancer among active-duty service members and Veterans...

Tomatoes encounter many pathogens, such as fungi and bacteria, which reduce the yield and quality of plants and lead to large losses in production. The application of plant protection products (PPPs) is still an important and most effective measure to control plant diseases. However, the use of chemicals in agriculture contributes to environmental pollution and biodiversity loss, and it can also threaten non-target living organisms. Biological control is a widely accessible, environmentally safe, and cost-efficient alternative for the prevention and suppression of plant diseases...

Nongxiangxing-daqu (NXDQ), as a saccharification and fermentation agent, directly affects the flavor and yield of fresh Nongxiangxing Baijiu (NXBJ). The difference in fermentation temperature owing to the artificial turning operation leads to the formation of superior (S) and normal (N) grades of NXDQ. Here, aiming to explore the discriminant characteristics of two grades of NXDQ, we studied the physicochemical properties, volatile compounds and microbial communities using HS-SPME-GC/MS and high-throughput sequencing technology...

The fungal pathogen Calonectria pseudonaviculata causes boxwood blight and is a significant threat to the boxwood industry as well as historic boxwood gardens. The pathogen produces conidia in sticky masses that are splash dispersed, which germinate and infect through stomata on the leaves or stems, causing leaf spots and stem lesions. Despite its ability to cause severe infections on boxwood plants, the pathogen often has a low germination rate on artificial media under lab conditions. To identify cues that stimulate germination, we explored whether host factors could induce high germination rates...

Heme enzyme dysfunction causes a group of diseases called porphyrias. Particularly, a decrease in porphobilinogen deaminase, involved in the third step of heme biosynthesis, leads to acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Considering our previous works demonstrating the multiplicity of brain metabolisms affected by porphyrinogenic agents, this study aimed to elucidate whether they cause any alteration on the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The activities of respiratory chain complexes (I to IV) were measured in encephalon mitochondria of CF1 male mice receiving volatile anesthetics: isoflurane (2 mL/kg) and sevoflurane (1...

Although the plants of the genus Euphorbia are largely exploited by therapists in Morocco, the composition and antibacterial activities of propolis from these plants are still unknown. To address this gap, this study aimed to characterize the pollen type, the volatile compounds, and the phenolic and mineral profiles of three Euphorbia propolis samples collected in Morocco and evaluate their antimicrobial activities. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the propolis samples was determined by the microdilution method, and the anti-adherence activity was evaluated by the crystal violet assay...

OBJECTIVES: Liquisolid tablets are an innovative approach to enhance the dissolution rate and, thereby, the bioavailability of therapeutic agents with poor aqueous solubility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The objective of the current research was to compare the bioavailability of the optimized formulation of the olanzapine (OLZ) liquisolid tablet with that of the marketed tablet (MT) by conducting pharmacokinetic and behavioral assessment studies. Ten formulations were designed using Kolliphor EL as a non-volatile solvent, and the respective tablets were prepared by the direct compression method...

Herein, microwave-assisted activated carbon (MW-AC) was fabricated from peanut shells using a ZnCl2 activator and utilized for the first time to eliminate benzene vapor as a volatile organic compound (VOC). During the MW-AC production process, which involved two steps-microwave treatment and muffle furnace heating-we investigated the effects of various factors and achieved the highest iodine number of 1250 mg/g. This was achieved under optimal operating conditions, which included a 100% impregnation ratio, CO2 as the gas in the microwave environment, a microwave power set at 500 W, a microwave duration of 10 min, an activation temperature of 500 °C and an activation time of 45 min...

INTRODUCTION: Pyrrhoderma noxium is a plant pathogen that causes economic losses in agricultural and forestry industries, including significant destruction to amenity trees within the city of Brisbane in Australia. Use of chemical control agents are restricted in public areas, there is therefore an urgent need to investigate biological control approaches. Members of the phylum Actinomycetota, commonly known as actinomycetes, are known for their industrially important secondary metabolites including antifungal agents...

Latest studies indicated that agro-food wastes are considered renewable sources of bioactive compounds. This investigation aimed to utilize natural extracts of citrus peels as antimicrobial and anti-aflatoxigenic agents for food safety. The bioactivity of two citrus peels was assessed by total phenolic, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Nanoemulsions were manufactured using high-speed homogenization. The mean particle size of the nanoemulsions ranged from 29.41 to 66.41 nm with a polydispersity index of 0...

Enteric methane (CH4 ) produced by ruminant livestock is a potent greenhouse gas and represents significant energy loss for the animal. The novel application of oxidising compounds as antimethanogenic agents with future potential to be included in ruminant feeds was assessed across two separate experiments in this study. Low concentrations of oxidising agents, namely urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) with and without potassium iodide (KI), and magnesium peroxide (MgO2 ), were investigated for their effects on CH4 production, total gas production (TGP), volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles, and nutrient disappearance in vitro using the rumen simulation technique...

Social media is implicated today in an array of mental health concerns. While concerns around social media have become mainstream, little is known about the specific cognitive mechanisms underlying the correlations seen in these studies or why we find it so hard to stop engaging with these platforms when things obviously begin to deteriorate for us. New advances in computational neuroscience, however, are now poised to shed light on this matter. In this paper, we approach the phenomenon of social media addiction through the lens of the active inference framework...

The key characteristic (KCs) framework has been used previously to assess the carcinogenicity and cardiotoxicity of various chemical and pharmacological agents. Here, the 12 KCs of cardiotoxicity are used to evaluate the previously reported cardiotoxicity of phenanthrene (Phe), a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and major component of fossil fuel-derived air pollution. Phe is a semi-volatile pollutant existing in both the gas phase and particle phase through adsorption onto or into particulate matter (PM)...