ORGANIC PSYCHIATRY

In 2007, Mexico implemented a strategy to combat drug trafficking through military intervention, after which a significant increase in homicides, mainly among young men, was observed and linked to structural problems as well as organized crime, especially the recruitment of youth, with adolescents being particularly vulnerable. Through a systematic review of the literature from 2013 to 2022, we have compiled the reported factors influencing the recruitment of adolescents by organized crime in Mexico and conducted a metasynthesis of the data according to the multiple levels that affect adolescents: individual, family, community, cultural, and social...

After acute infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, up to 10 % of affected individuals suffer from long-term health impairments, also referred to as "Post-COVID". In Germany, specialized outpatient clinics have been established to care for patients with Post-COVID. A structured survey of the care situation is not yet available, but essential for a demand-oriented care. The present study aimed to systematically assess and describe structural and process-related aspects of care, and to perform an inventory and needs analysis of Post-COVID outpatient clinics in Germany...

BACKGROUND: Informed by the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Indian government replaced the 1987 Mental Health Act with the transformative "Indian Mental Healthcare Act, 2017" (IMHCA 2017), which gained presidential approval on April 7, 2017. While the new act aligns with CRPD guidelines, emphasizing the promotion, protection and realization of complete and equitable human rights, legal capacity, equality and dignity for persons with mental illness, it has faced diverse criticism from various stakeholders, particularly psychiatrists...

Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this editorial, we comment on the article "Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients" by Zhang et al , published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023; 13 (11): 903-911. Our discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety, depression, and psychosis, which are all linked to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic...

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Gertrude Buck and collaborators developed a sociologically and pragmatist-informed approach to language that has been neglected in later scholarship. Buck approached the study of language from the standpoint of pragmatist functional psychology, which is indebted to John Dewey's pragmatism at the University of Michigan, and which views language as a normal, dynamic action of human organisms engaged in necessary cooperative relations with one another. Her approach overcomes the small-minded pragmatism that would criticize figurative or poetic language as impractical, and instead shows how figuration is essential to the particular ways in which language is action that conveys meaning to others and serves broader social functions...

Gender-responsive healthcare is critical to advancing men's health given that masculinities intersect with other social determinants to impact help-seeking, engagement with primary healthcare, and patient outcomes. A scoping review was undertaken with the aim to synthesize gender-responsive approaches used by healthcare providers (HCPs) to engage men with primary healthcare. MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were searched for articles published between 2000 and February 2024. Titles and abstracts for 15,659 citations were reviewed, and 97 articles met the inclusion criteria...

BACKGROUND: Individuals who have recovered from the acute stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be at risk of developing post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), characterized by a spectrum of persisting, non-specific, and functionally impairing symptoms across multiple organ systems. Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for PCC, mediated by chronic systemic inflammation. The foregoing has also been separately reported to mediate cognitive dysfunction in PCC. METHODS: This is a post-hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating vortioxetine treatment for cognitive impairments in persons with PCC who received vortioxetine or placebo for eight weeks...

A major genetic risk factor for psychosis is 22q11.2 deletion (22q11.2DS). However, robust and replicable functional brain signatures of 22q11.2DS and 22q11.2DS-associated psychosis remain elusive due to small sample sizes and a focus on small single-site cohorts. Here, we identify functional brain signatures of 22q11.2DS and 22q11.2DS-associated psychosis, and their links with idiopathic early psychosis, using one of the largest multi-cohort data to date. We obtained multi-cohort clinical phenotypic and task-free fMRI data from 856 participants (101 22q11...

AIMS: This paper aims to describe Roger Mulder's presentation on borderline personality disorder organized by the 23rd World Congress of Psychiatry, supplemented with relevant research results. METHODS: Mulder presents the diagnostic criteria of borderline personality disorder, its comorbidity, therapeutic considerations and the phenomenon of stigmatization related to the disorder. RESULTS: According to Mulder, the diagnostic criteria of borderline personality disorder are vague and it shows a very high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders...

Almost every facet of our behavior and physiology varies predictably over the course of day and night, anticipating and adapting us to their associated opportunities and challenges. These rhythms are driven by endogenous biological clocks that, when deprived of environmental cues, can continue to oscillate within a period of approximately 1 day, hence circa - dian . Normally, retinal signals synchronize them to the cycle of light and darkness, but disruption of circadian organization, a common feature of modern lifestyles, carries considerable costs to health...

BACKGROUND: While literature is abundant on the negative mental health impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, few studies focus on the Central and Eastern European region. OBJECTIVES: We examined stress, burnout, and sleeping troubles among mental health professionals in the context of psychosocial risk factors related to participation in COVID care during the fourth and fifth waves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mental health professionals (N=268) completed an online cross-sectional survey in Hungary, between November 2021 and April 2022...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify clinically meaningful groups of adolescents based on self-reported mental health and wellbeing data in a population sample of New Zealand secondary school students. METHODS: We conducted a cluster analysis of six variables from the Youth19 Rangatahi Smart Survey ( n = 7721, ages 13-18 years, 2019): wellbeing (World Health Organization Well-Being Index), possible anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item, adapted), depression symptoms (short form of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale) and past-year self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempt...

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric illness characterized by mood disturbances and influenced by various environmental and genetic factors, yet its etiology remains largely unknown. METHODS: We profiled a self-reported depressive population in Japan with a focus on sociodemographic background, lifestyle, comorbidities, and genetic background, using data from two cohorts, a population-based cohort and a three-generation cohort, recruited by the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization until December 2021...

This retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of post-COVID psychiatric disorders in older adults according to hospitalization status and SARS-CoV-2 variant period in Japan. Claims data, COVID-19 case-related information, and vaccination records were obtained from three Japanese municipalities. We identified individuals aged ≥65 years who had COVID-19 or other respiratory tract infection (RTI) between March 2021 and December 2022. Participants were categorized into non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients, and the study period was divided into the Alpha (March to May 2021), Delta (June to December 2021), Omicron BA...

Providing human support for users of behavioral health technology can help facilitate the necessary engagement and clinical integration of digital tools in mental health care. A team conducted digital navigator training that taught participants how to promote patrons' digital literacy, evaluate and recommend health apps, and interpret smartphone data. The authors trained 80 participants from 21 organizations, demonstrating this training's feasibility, acceptability, and need. Case studies explore the implementation of this training curriculum...

OBJECTIVE: Churches in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods serve as safe havens in many Black communities. Churches provide faith and charitable services but often have limited resources to address the mental health needs of their communities. This article reports on a collaborative effort, driven by members of a Black church, to understand mental health needs, coping strategies, and resilience factors in a community of socioeconomically disadvantaged Black Americans. METHODS: A community-based participatory research effort was established among a church, a community mental health organization, clinicians, and researchers to interview and survey individuals residing near the church...

Several studies show great heterogeneity in the type of genetic test requested and in the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with ASD. The following study aims, firstly, to explore the factors that might influence professionals' decisions about the appropriateness of requesting genetic testing for their patients with ASD and, secondly, to determine the prevalence of genetic alterations in a representative sample of children with a diagnosis of ASD. Methods: We studied the clinical factors associated with the request for genetic testing in a sample of 440 children with ASD and the clinical factors of present genetic alterations...

BACKGROUND: Paying attention to the needs of patients with psychiatric disorders has recently come into focus. Failure to meet the needs of patients can affect their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the main areas of the needs of patients with severe psychiatric disorders and evaluate their relationship with the quality of life. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 174 patients with severe mental illness who were referred to Iran Psychiatric Hospital for hospitalization or outpatient treatment were enrolled in this study (68 with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, 106 with bipolar disorder type 1)...

PURPOSE: The MAKASI intervention aimed to empower Sub-Saharan African immigrants living in precarious situations in the Paris metropolitan area. Because there are factors specifically related to immigration that may increase the risk for common mental disorders, the present study aimed to examine participants' levels of depression and loneliness and analyze the effect of the intervention on depression and loneliness. METHODS: The MAKASI study was designed as a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Physician burnout is rampant, and physician retention is increasingly hard. It is unclear how burnout impacts intent to leave an organization. We sought to determine how physician burnout and professional fulfillment impact pediatric physicians' intent to leave (ITL) an organization. DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed 120, 1:1 semi-structured interviews of our pediatric faculty and used the themes therefrom to develop a Likert-scale based, 22-question battery of their current work experience...