Carter

Amyloid fibrils of tau are increasingly accepted as a cause of neuronal death and brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Diminishing tau aggregation is a promising strategy in the search for efficacious AD therapeutics. Previously, our laboratory designed a six-residue, nonnatural amino acid inhibitor D-TLKIVW peptide (6-DP), which can prevent tau aggregation in vitro. However, it cannot block cell-to-cell transmission of tau aggregation. Here, we find D-TLKIVWC (7-DP), a d-cysteine extension of 6-DP, not only prevents tau aggregation but also fragments tau fibrils extracted from AD brains to neutralize their seeding ability and protect neuronal cells from tau-induced toxicity...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy characterized by disrupted blood cell production and function. Recent investigations have highlighted the potential of targeting glutamine metabolism as a promising therapeutic approach for AML. Asparaginases, enzymes that deplete circulating glutamine and asparagine, are approved for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but are also under investigation in AML, with promising results. We previously reported an elevation in plasma serine levels following treatment with Erwinia -derived asparaginase (also called crisantaspase)...

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into health care offers the potential to enhance patient care, improve diagnostic precision, and broaden access to health-care services. Nurses, positioned at the forefront of patient care, play a pivotal role in utilizing AI to foster a more efficient and equitable health-care system. However, to fulfil this role, nurses will require education that prepares them with the necessary skills and knowledge for the effective and ethical application of AI. This article proposes a framework for nurses which includes AI principles, skills, competencies, and curriculum development focused on the practical use of AI, with an emphasis on care that aims to achieve health equity...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), high tender-swollen joint differences (TSJDs) have been associated with worse outcomes. A better understanding of the phenotype and impact of high TSJD on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in early RA may lead to earlier personalized treatment targeting domains that are important to patients today. Our objectives were to evaluate the impact of TSJD on updated PROs in patients with early RA over 1 year and to determine differences in associations by joint size...

BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), if severe, is usually treated with stimulant or non-stimulant medication. However, users prefer non-drug treatments due to side effects. Alternative non-medication treatments have so far only shown modest effects. External trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) is a minimal risk, non-invasive neuromodulation device, targeting the trigeminal system. It was approved for ADHD in 2019 by the USA Food and Drug administration (FDA) based on a small proof of concept randomised controlled trial (RCT) in 62 children with ADHD showing improvement of ADHD symptoms after 4 weeks of nightly real versus sham eTNS with minimal side effects...

Results from a needs assessment conducted by nursing professional development practitioners across several clinics in the Midwest showed current educational methods to prepare for medical emergencies were insufficient. A champion model was used to complete in situ medical emergency response simulations. This proved to be an effective method for staff preparation when resources were limited and identified opportunities for practice improvement.

Given the prevalence of depression, it is worthwhile to consider a variety of treatment approaches to reach as many sufferers as possible, including highly accessible formats such as self-help books. Books based in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) propose to treat depression through distinct processes of change, though the degree to which these treatments are distinguishable in this format is unclear. Furthermore, it is possible that some individuals may respond better to therapeutic processes from one approach over the other based on personal preferences...

INTRODUCTION: Genome-wide association studies have identified over 70 genetic loci associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but few candidate polymorphisms have been functionally assessed for disease relevance and mechanism of action. METHODS: Candidate genetic risk variants were informatically prioritized and individually engineered into a LOAD-sensitized mouse model that carries the AD risk variants APOE ε4/ε4 and Trem2*R47H. The potential disease relevance of each model was assessed by comparing brain transcriptomes measured with the Nanostring Mouse AD Panel at 4 and 12 months of age with human study cohorts...

BACKGROUND: Deprescribing is an effective strategy to manage polypharmacy and improve patient outcomes. The notion of a potential role for pharmacists in a multidisciplinary team approach to deprescribing has been identified in quantitative and qualitative literature. However, stakeholders' perceptions of this role, and factors that may impede or facilitate the pharmacist's involvement have not been elucidated. The application in ambulatory care also requires clarification. Understanding stakeholders' views is essential to optimise involvement of the pharmacist in deprescribing and improve practice...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: To examine inequalities in birth before arrival (BBA) at hospitals in South West England, understand which groups are most likely to experience BBA and how this relates to hypothermia and outcomes (phase A). To investigate opportunities to improve temperature management advice given by emergency medical services (EMS) call-handlers during emergency calls regarding BBA in the UK (phase B). DESIGN: A two-phase multimethod study. Phase A analysed anonymised data from hospital neonatal records between January 2018 and January 2021...

INTRODUCTION: The developmentally variable nature of autism poses challenges in providing timely services tailored to a child's needs. Despite a recent focus on longitudinal research, priority-setting initiatives with stakeholders highlighted the importance of studying a child's day-to-day functioning and social determinants of health to inform clinical care. To address this, we are conducting a pragmatic multi-site, patient-oriented longitudinal investigation: the Pediatric Autism Research Cohort ( PARC) Study ...

BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a well-established treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). While PD is primarily characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, it also involves a range of non-motor symptoms, and anxiety is one of the most common. The relationship between PD and anxiety is complex and can be a result of both pathological neural changes and the psychological and emotional impacts of living with a chronic progressive condition...

Graph processes that unfold in continuous time are of obvious theoretical and practical interest. Particularly useful are those whose long-term behavior converges to a graph distribution of known form. Here, we review some of the conditions for such convergence, and provide examples of novel and/or known processes that do so. These include subfamilies of the well-known stochastic actor oriented models, as well as continuum extensions of temporal and separable temporal exponential family random graph models...

Minimally invasive surgery is becoming the standard of care across surgical subspecialties. Several new "minimally invasive" options for burn debridement and autografting exist. Enzymatic bromelain-based debridement (BBD) and autologous skin cell spray (ASCS) have independently proven to reduce the rate of split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) and decrease donor site size when grafting is performed. There is a paucity in the literature regarding the combination of these two therapies. The purpose of this study is to characterize a cohort of patients treated with both BBD and ASCS and qualitatively compare data to expected outcomes without these therapies...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Thyroid nodules are a common incidental imaging finding and prone to overdiagnosis. Several risk stratification systems have been developed to reduce unnecessary work-up, with two of the most utilized including the American Thyroid Association 2015 (ATA2015) and the newer American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) guidelines. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the ATA2015 versus the TIRADS guidelines in the management of incidental thyroid nodules...

BACKGROUND: We have recently described circumferential nerve involvement of neuromuscular choristoma associated with desmoid-type fibromatosis (NMC-DTF) in cases involving the sciatic nerve, supporting a nerve-derived mechanism for the DTF. We wondered whether a similar growth pattern occurs in cases involving the brachial plexus (BP). METHODS: We reviewed all available magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients diagnosed at our institution with NMC or NMC-DTF of the BP...

BACKGROUND: MEIS1::NCOA2 is a rare fusion gene that has been recently described in a subset of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcomas and multiple low-grade undifferentiated spindle cell sarcomas predominantly arising in the genitourinary and gynecologic tracts with no specific line of differentiation. We present the first documented case of this neoplasm arising as a lung primary tumor. CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old woman with a 40-year smoking history presented with a 2...

Xyloglucan is believed to play a significant role in cell wall mechanics of dicot plants. Surprisingly, Arabidopsis plants defective in xyloglucan biosynthesis exhibit nearly normal growth and development. We investigated a mutant line, cslc-Δ5, lacking activity in all five Arabidopsis cellulose synthase like-C (CSLC) genes responsible for xyloglucan backbone biosynthesis. We observed that this xyloglucan-deficient line exhibited reduced cellulose crystallinity and increased pectin levels, suggesting the existence of feedback mechanisms that regulate wall composition to compensate for the absence of xyloglucan...

Platinum (Pt) is the metal of choice for electrodes in implantable neural prostheses like the cochlear implants, deep brain stimulating devices, and brain-computer interfacing technologies. However, it is well known since the 1970s that Pt dissolution occurs with electrical stimulation. More recent clinical and in vivo studies have shown signs of corrosion in explanted electrode arrays and the presence of Pt-containing particulates in tissue samples. The process of degradation and release of metallic ions and particles can significantly impact on device performance...