Neuropathy investigation

The current literature studied the median nerve (MN) at specific locations during joint motions. As only a few particular parts of the nerve are depicted, the relevant information available is limited. This experiment investigated the morphological and biomechanical properties of the MN. The effects of the shoulder and wrist motions on MN were explored as well. Eight young healthy female individuals were tested with two-dimensional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE). The morphological and biomechanical properties were examined in limb position 1, with the wrist at the neutral position, the elbow extended at 180°, and the shoulder abducted at 60°...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early detection and prompt institution of appropriate therapy could prevent undesirable outcomes such as paresthesia, pain, and amputation. Although the gold standard for diagnosing DPN is nerve conduction studies, high-resolution peripheral nerve ultrasonography may serve as a noninvasive and low-cost alternative for diagnosing and staging DPN. This study investigated the clinical utility of sonographic posterior tibial nerve cross-sectional area (PTN CSA) for diagnosing DPN in individuals with T2DM...

Diabetic neuropathy is a frequent and severe degenerative complication of diabetes. The diagnosis is easily performed in painful symptomatic patients. Sensitivity disorders responsible for numbness, tingling, and loss of feeling are part and parcel of diabetic foot syndrome and require investigation in view of preventing trophic ulcers. To date, there exists no specific treatment for diabetic neuropathy possibly preventable by careful control of metabolic disorder. Effective management of diabetic patients would make it possible to limit the dramatic consequences of diabetic neuropathy while at the same time acting on other complications...

Vagal neuropathy causing vocal fold palsy is an uncommon complication of vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) placement. It may be associated with intraoperative nerve injury or with device stimulation. Here we present the first case of delayed, compressive vagal neuropathy associated with VNS coil placement which presented with progressive hoarseness and vocal cord paralysis. Coil removal and vagal neurolysis was performed to relieve the compression. Larger 3 mm VNS coils were placed for continuation of therapy...

AIMS: To investigate whether higher serum CCL11/Eotaxin-1, a biomarker for aging and neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders, is associated with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN), peripheral nerve dysfunction, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 106 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy controls, matched for the age and sex distribution of the diabetes group as a whole...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of ixazomib-containing regimens in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of 32 MM patients treated with a combined regimen containing ixazomib in the Hematology Department of the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January 2020 to February 2022. Among the 32 patients, 15 patients were relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (R/RMM) (R/RMM group), 17 patients who responded to bortezomib induction therapy but converted to ixazomib-containing regimen due to adverse events (AE) or other reasons (conversion treatment group)...

A 22-month-old girl of consanguineous parents was admitted with a high-grade fever. She was found to have insensitivity to painful stimuli and an absence of perspiration. She also displayed self-mutilating behaviour and was insensitive to cold/hot water on her body. On examination, there was loss of the tip of the tongue, missing teeth, generalised xerosis, and several ulcers at sites of minor trauma. She also had dysplastic nails and digital ulcers. Sensory examination demonstrated a complete lack of awareness of pain and temperature, vibration and fine touch were intact and lacrimation was normal...

Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) is a common diabetes complication that frequently causes severe hyperalgesia and allodynia and presents treatment challenges. MOTS-c, a novel mitochondrial-derived peptide, has been shown to regulate glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of MOTS-c in streptozocin (STZ)-induced PDN model and investigate the putative underlying mechanisms. We found that endogenous MOTS-c levels in plasma and spinal dorsal horn were significantly lower in STZ-treated mice than in control animals...

Aims: Vincristine (VCR), an antineoplastic drug, induces peripheral neuropathy characterized by nerve damage, limiting its use and reducing the quality of life of patients. VCR causes myenteric neuron damage, inhibits gastrointestinal motility, and results in constipation or paralytic ileus in patients. Oxytocin (OT) is an endogenous neuropeptide produced by the enteric nerve system, which regulates gastrointestinal motility and exerts neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether OT can improve VCR-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility and evaluate the underlying mechanism...

Neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds can induce a type of delayed neuropathy in humans and sensitive animals, known as organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). OPIDN is characterized by axonal degeneration akin to Wallerian-like degeneration, which is thought to be caused by increased intra-axonal Ca2+ concentrations. This study was designed to investigate that deregulated cytosolic Ca2+ may function downstream of mitodysfunction in activating Wallerian-like degeneration and necroptosis in OPIDN...

We present a method for mapping multifocal Pupillary Response Fields in a short amount of time using a visual stimulus covering 40° of the visual angle divided into nine contiguous sectors simultaneously modulated in luminance at specific, incommensurate, temporal frequencies. We test this multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) approach with young healthy participants (N = 36) and show that the spectral power of the sustained pupillary response elicited by 45 s of fixation of this multipartite stimulus reflects the relative contribution of each sector/frequency to the overall pupillary response...

INTRODUCTION: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) presents substantial challenges in patient care due to its intricate multisystem nature, comorbidities, and global prevalence. The heterogeneity among patient populations, coupled with the absence of FDA-approved diagnostics and therapeutics, further complicates research into disease etiology and patient managment. Integrating longitudinal multi-omics data with clinical, health,textual, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical data offers a promising avenue to address these complexities, aiding in the identification of underlying causes and providing insights into effective therapeutics and diagnostic strategies...

Genetic predisposition to oxidative stress (OS) may influence the risk of Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (PDPN). This study employed a Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between genetic predisposition to OS and PDPN. Genetic instruments associated with OS biomarkers were selected as exposures. Summary-level data on PDPN was obtained from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS). MR analyses were conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with sensitivity analyses employing the MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO approaches...

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection is considered a global public health emergency. Severe peripheral neuropathy caused by JEV infection has increased disability and mortality rates in recent years. Because there are very few therapeutic options for JEV infection, prompt investigations of the ability of clinically safe, efficacious and globally available drugs to inhibit JEV infection and ameliorate peripheral neuropathy are urgently needed. In this study, we found that high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin, a function inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA), inhibited acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and ceramide activity in the serum and sciatic nerve of JEV-infected rats, reduced disease severity, reversed electrophysiological and histological abnormalities, significantly reduced circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels, inhibited Th1 and Th17 cell proliferation, and suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory CD4 + cells into the sciatic nerve...

The frontline immuno-chemotherapy regimen for HIV-associated non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is dose-adjusted EPOCH ± R (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab). Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), caused by vincristine, is a common adverse effect of EPOCH ± R, negatively impacting long-term patient outcomes. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of CIPN, stratified by HIV status, in patients treated with EPOCH ± R...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of fasting C-peptide and glucagon with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on 797 patients with T2DM to assess the various risk factors affecting DPN. The subjects were categorized into short duration and long duration group according to the duration of diabetes with a threshold of 10 years. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the association between DPN and islet function, as well as other parameters...

Background and objectives The study aimed to compare the efficacy of standard home care versus structured ankle mobility exercises in enhancing ankle and foot joint range of motion (ROM) among individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Additionally, it investigated the impact of foot intrinsic muscle strengthening exercises on hallux grip force in those with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DN). Materials and methods In a study of 200 patients with Diabetic Neuropathy (DN), selected from 345 screened diabetics with stable glucose levels and routine monitoring at a tertiary care facility, the efficacy of structured exercises versus standard care was evaluated...

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) poses a significant threat, affecting half of the global diabetic population and leading to severe complications, including pain, impaired mobility, and potential amputation. The delayed manifestation of diabetic neuropathy (DN) makes early diagnosis challenging, contributing to its debilitating impact on individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). This review examines the multifaceted nature of DPN, focusing on the intricate interplay between oxidative stress, metabolic pathways, and the resulting neuronal damage...

AIM: To determine (a) the accuracy of ultrasound in detecting brachial plexus pathology and (b) outline the advantages and limitations of ultrasound compared to MRI for imaging the brachial plexus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: cases with clinically suspected brachial plexus pathology were evaluated first by ultrasound, followed by MRI. Patients with prior brachial plexus imaging were excluded. The final diagnosis was based on a combination of ultrasound, MRI, clinical follow-up, and surgical findings...

PURPOSE: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a notable complication of diabetes mellitus. The potential involvement of miR-146a in DN regulation is presently under investigation. Metformin, a commonly prescribed medication for diabetes, is the primary therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to unveil the potential protective effects of metformin on diabetic neuropathy and explore the mechanisms underlying its action. METHOD: Six-weeks male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were randomly divided into 5 groups...