IUCD

The wide array of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) variants available on the market, coupled with the intricate combination of additives in silicone polymers, and the incomplete understanding of drug release behavior make formulation development of levonorgestrel intrauterine systems (LNG-IUSs) formidable. Accordingly, the objectives of this work were to investigate the impact of excipients on formulation attributes and in vitro performance of LNG-IUSs, elucidate drug release mechanisms, and thereby improve product understanding...

OBJECTIVE: Immediately following the Dobbs decision, Ohio prohibited abortion after detection of fetal cardiac activity. We aimed to characterize changes in uptake of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and permanent contraception following the abrupt enactment of restrictive abortion legislation. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record (EMR) data of patients aged 15-55 who underwent permanent contraception (tubal ligation, vasectomy) or LARC placement (intrauterine device (IUD), contraceptive implant) at a multi-hospital system in northeast Ohio from 1/1/2022 to 12/31/2022; six months before and after Dobbs...

CONTEXT: The intrauterine device (IUD) is one type of long-acting reversible contraceptive that is becoming increasingly popular among patients and healthcare providers alike, though many are deterred from using this option due to pain or fear of pain with IUD insertion. While the IUD insertion process itself is standardized, the use of pain medication is not. There is a lack of research regarding provider preference in analgesic use for IUD insertion procedures, which analgesics are being provided to patients, and under which circumstances...

RATIONALE: The overall pregnancy rate in individuals with an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception is <1%. If pregnancy occurs while an IUD is in place, there is a higher risk of an ectopic pregnancy. We report the case of a woman with an IUD who was 7 weeks pregnant and experienced a spontaneous abortion 1 week later. PATIENT CONCERN: A 32-year-old woman presented to our outpatient department with intermittent vaginal staining for several days. DIAGNOSES: She was 7 weeks pregnant and had an IUD in place for over 4 years...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Bladder stones, although rare in a healthy bladder, can emerge due to various factors, including obstructions in urinary flow, recurrent infections, and foreign bodies. Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) are known for their potential to migrate from the uterine cavity, leading to unusual complications such as bladder stone formation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old woman, previously treated for a complicated urinary tract infection, presented with intermittent lower abdominal pain, dysuria, and hematuria...

PURPOSE: Inherited bleeding disorders may cause heavy menstrual bleeding in women, impacting quality of life and impairing daily and social activities. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system is a potential treatment for these women, which might reduce menstrual blood loss. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis to examine the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in women with inherited bleeding disorders and heavy menstrual bleeding...

Cabre, HE, Ladan, AN, Moore, SR, Joniak, KE, Blue, MNM, Pietrosimone, BG, Hackney, AC, and Smith-Ryan, AE. Effects of hormonal contraception and the menstrual cycle on fatigability and recovery from an anaerobic exercise test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This study sought to evaluate the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) and hormonal intrauterine device (H-IUD) use, compared with a eumenorrheic (EUM) cycle, on fatigability and recovery between hormone the phases. Peak power (PP), average power (AP), fatigue index (FI), blood lactate, vessel diameter, and blood flow (BF) were measured from a repeated sprint cycle test (10 × 6 seconds) in 60, healthy, active women (mean ± SD; age: 26...

BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the family program in 1998, the proportion of married women who used contraception has fluctuated. An unmet need for contraception among women in Kyrgyzstan drastically increased from 2006 (1.1%) to 2014 (19.1%), and remained unchanged until 2018 (19.0%). This study aims to re-investigate the prevalence of an unmet need for contraception from 2006 to 2018 in a comprehensive manner, and examine the factors associated with an unmet need for contraception among married women over the course of 12 years in the Kyrgyz Republic...

BACKGROUND: Couple-years of protection (CYP) is an indicator that allows for monitoring and evaluating of family planning (FP) program performance through simple calculations. The CYP for each contraceptive method is calculated by multiplying the number of contraceptive commodity units distributed to clients over a 1-year period by a conversion factor that quantifies the duration of contraceptive protection provided per unit distributed. CYP calculations across methods were previously updated in 2000 and 2011, resulting in changes in methodology, factor inclusion, and specific methods...

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are considered a reliable contraceptive option for women, but they can come with side effects. There is a disconnect in standard guidelines for IUD insertion within and without the U.S. The objective of this review was to address a gap in the literature regarding official procedures for pain management during IUD implantation. This scoping review was initiated using keywords to extract relevant articles from multiple databases: U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), MEDLINE (Ovid), and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE, Ovid)...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of expulsion for different copper intrauterine device (IUD) shapes. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a secondary analysis of the ongoing, prospective, non-interventional European Active Surveillance Study on LCS12 (EURAS-LCS12). Users of newly inserted IUDs were recruited in 10 European countries via a network of approximately 1,200 clinicians. We restricted the analysis to copper IUD users. In the main analysis, we classified copper IUDs by shape [Nova-T frame, Tatum-T frame, Multiload frame, frameless IUDs and intrauterine balls], without differentiation of size...

OBJECTIVE: The majority of intrauterine devices (IUDs) inserted in China are tailless, requiring intrauterine manipulations for removal and causing pain. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of lidocaine injection into a novel disposable injectable cervical dilator for IUD removal procedures. STUDY DESIGN: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted with women aged 18-65 years old requesting outpatient IUD removal...

OBJECTIVE: To describe unmet desire for long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) after the Zika Contraception Access Network (Z-CAN) in Puerto Rico during the 2016-2017 Zika outbreak. STUDY DESIGN: Z-CAN patients completed web-based surveys about contraception experiences over a three-year period. RESULTS: Of 1,809 survey respondents, 3% never used LARC, but reported wanting it since their initial visit. As reasons for not getting LARC, nearly 50% indicated a provider-related reason and 25% reported cost...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the current knowledge level of breast cancer among rural women in Southwest China and analyze the influencing factors of breast cancer cognition. METHODS: From May to November 2022, 1468 rural women were invited to participate in this study. Demographic information and the Chinese version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (C-BCAM) were collected through one-on-one investigations. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS 26...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyse the impact of embedment of side arms of the levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) in the myometrium (assessed by three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D-TVUS)) on uterine bleeding and pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study in a large Dutch teaching hospital between February 2015 and December 2016. Participants over 18 years of age who selected a LNG-IUD for contraception or because of heavy menstrual bleeding were eligible for inclusion...

BACKGROUND: Women with mental illness (WMI) are more likely to experience unreported sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems. Mixed-method research studies with the strengths of quantitative and qualitative approaches provide deeper insight into SRH issues of WMI. METHODS: A sequential explanatory mixed-method design was used to understand better the SRH problems of WMI attending tertiary care psychiatry hospital. In phase 1, a survey was conducted to identify if they have SRH problems...

OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine device (IUD) users often encounter barriers to desired removal. Self-removal, while previously found to be successful only 19% of the time, may mitigate these obstacles. Our primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of our previously developed IUD self-removal guide. Our secondary objectives were to evaluate acceptability of the guide and characterize the self-removal process. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial comparing IUD self-removal success rates with and without a guide...

Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) include progestin and copper intrauterine devices (IUDs) and progestin subdermal implants. LARCs may be the preferred for individuals who want a method that is highly effective and can last for several years, or for whom estrogen is contraindicated. LARCs should be offered using a shared decision-making approach, keeping in mind that historically these methods have been used coercively to control the reproductive choices of marginalized or disabled people. To ensure safe prescribing and reduce barriers to receiving LARCs, family physicians should be familiar with two evidence-based national contraceptive guidelines: the U...

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a widely used contraceptive. Possible complications from IUDs include failed insertion, pain, vasovagal reaction, infection, abnormal bleeding, and expulsion. Uterine perforation and migration of the IUD are rare complications occurring in approximately 1-2 per 1000 insertions. We executed a systematic review by reviewing all case reports and case series on IUD migration, published between December 2002 and December 2022. Our review indicates that about half of these patients present with pain and that a third are completely asymptomatic...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to assess the correlation between bleeding irregularities and the accurate placement of the intrauterine device (IUD) device in the uterine cavity, determined through transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy. In addition, the study aims to examine the cytokine profile in the uterine cavity and serum of patients experiencing bleeding irregularities after the insertion of nonhormonal IUDs. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary medical center, wherein patients experiencing intermenstrual bleeding and spotting after the insertion of nonhormonal IUDs were enrolled...