treat biliary

Background and study aims Noninvasive ampullary neoplasms may be removed by surgery or endoscopy. However, given the morbidity and mortality associated with surgery, endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is the preferred approach. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) after EP has emerged as a promising alternative therapy to avoid surgery after incomplete EP. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RFA for residual or recurrent lesions with intraductal extension after endoscopic papillectomy. Patients and methods The inclusion criteria include clinical trials, cohort studies, and case series evaluating patients with residual or recurrent lesions with intraductal extension after EP treated with RFA...

Introduction Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a lifesaving therapeutic procedure that carries its own complexities and risks. Clinicians use ERCP as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of biliary stones, malignant obstruction, and acute cholangitis.  Aim In our study, we aimed to analyze the clinical profile and outcome of patients who underwent ERCP in the Department of Medical Gastroenterology from August 2021 to February 2023 at Government Medical College Kottayam in India...

BACKGROUND: The distinctive feature of liver fibrosis is the progressive replacement of healthy hepatic cells by the extracellular matrix protein, which is abundant in collagen I and III, with impaired matrix remodeling. The activation of myofibroblastic cells enhances the fibrogenic response of complex interactions of hepatic stellate cells, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells to produce the excessive deposition of the extracellular protein matrix. This process is activated by multiple fibrogenic mediators and cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, accompanied with a decrease in the anti-fibrogenic factor NF-κβ...

Hepatobiliary diseases have a high prevalence worldwide, with a wide range of diseases involved in the liver and biliary system. Modifications in gut microbiota have been proven to have an association with unbalanced intestinal homeostasis and the dysfunction of host metabolism and the immune system, which can be the risk factors for many hepatobiliary diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), nonalcoholic fatty steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholestasis, as well as infection due to liver transplantation...

PURPOSE: Percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) is used to treat choledocholithiasis and biliary stricture. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of recurrent hepatolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical data of 37 consecutive patients who underwent PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy for RHL from March 2020 to March 2022 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed...

BACKGROUND: While indirect comparison of infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) in adults with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) shows that IFX has better effectiveness during induction, and comparable efficacy during maintenance treatment, comparative data specific to subcutaneous (SC) IFX (i.e., CT-P13 SC) versus VDZ are limited. AIM: Pooled analysis of randomised studies to compare efficacy and safety with IFX SC and VDZ in moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease...

BACKGROUND: In 2013, the nationwide Dutch Hepato Biliary Audit (DHBA) was initiated. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in indications for and outcomes of liver surgery in the last decade. METHODS: This nationwide study included all patients who underwent liver surgery for four indications, including colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and intrahepatic- and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA - pCCA) between 2014 and 2022...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of endoscopic duodenal papillary sphincterotomy combined with balloon dilatation in the treatment of duodenal papilloplasty with titanium clip after choledocholithiasis in post-operative complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five patients (69 males and 56 females) with a median age of 65 (32-81) years were included. The treatment plan was randomly divided into Group A (n = 59) and Group B (n = 66) according to the random number table...

Biliary atresia (BA) is a poorly understood and devastating obstructive bile duct disease of newborns. Biliatresone, a plant toxin, causes BA-like syndrome in some animals, but its relevance in humans is unknown. To validate the hypothesis that biliatresone exposure is a plausible BA disease mechanism in humans, we treated normal human liver organoids with biliatresone and addressed its adverse effects on organoid development, functions and cellular organization. The control organoids (without biliatresone) were well expanded and much bigger than biliatresone-treated organoids...

Background: Everolimus is an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin and is used to treat various tumors. The presented study aimed to evaluate the Everolimus-associated adverse events (AEs) through data mining of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: The AE records were selected by searching the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database from the first quarter of 2009 to the first quarter of 2022. Potential adverse event signals were mined using the disproportionality analysis, including reporting odds ratio the proportional reporting ratio the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network and the empirical Bayes geometric mean and MedDRA was used to systematically classify the results...

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a life-threatening disorder. Early diagnosis is challenging because NOMI lacks specific symptoms. A 52-year-old man who received extended cholecystectomy with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for gallbladder cancer (GBC) presented to our hospital with nausea and vomiting. Neither tender nor peritoneal irritation sign was present on abdominal examination. Blood test exhibited marked leukocytosis (WBC:19,800/mm3). A contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed remarkable wall thickening and lower contrast enhancement effect localized to Roux limb...

The liver plays a pivotal role in drug disposition owing to the expression of transporters accounting for the uptake at the sinusoidal membrane and the efflux across the basolateral and canalicular membranes of hepatocytes of many different compounds. Moreover, intracellular mechanisms of phases I and II biotransformation generate, in general, inactive compounds that are more polar and easier to eliminate into bile or refluxed back toward the blood for their elimination by the kidneys, which becomes crucial when the biliary route is hampered...

BACKGROUND: Biliary atresia (BA) is an obstructive inflammatory disease of the bile ducts. Without intervention, the disease rapidly progresses to liver cirrhosis and fibrosis, with end-stage liver failure and death occurring within the first 3 years of life. It is the most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the paediatric population. The management of BA in South Africa (SA) faces multiple challenges, such as late referrals and socioeconomic burdens, with suboptimal outcomes...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: IgG4-related cholangitis (IRC) is the hepatobiliary manifestation of IgG4-related disease. Anti-laminin 511-E8 autoantibodies have been identified in its pancreatic manifestation. Laminin 511-E8 promotes endothelial barrier function, lymphocyte recruitment, and cholangiocyte differentiation. Here, we investigate anti-laminin 511-E8 autoantibody presence in IRC, and mechanisms via which laminin 511 may contribute to cholangiocyte protection. METHODS: Anti-laminin 511-E8 serum autoantibody positivity was assessed by ELISA...

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) are rare, accounting for approximately 14%-20% of visceral artery aneurysms. Most HAAs do not display any symptoms, but they may potentially lead to complications, as in the case of our patient who presented with an HAA compressing the common bile duct, detected through contrast-enhanced endoscopy. There are no specific treatment recommendations for HAAs due to their rarity. However, it is advisable to treat HAAs, even if they are asymptomatic, due to the risk of complications through surgical or radiological means...

A rare congenital hepatobiliary disorder called Caroli's disease is characterized by multifocal segmental dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts that can affect the entire liver or only specific areas of it. Coexisting conditions with Caroli's disease include autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). ADPKD results in the development of cysts, which are tiny fluid-filled sacs, in the kidneys. Caroli's disease is considered a rare disorder, affecting a small number of individuals worldwide...

We conducted a comprehensive series of molecular biological studies aimed at unraveling the intricate mechanisms underlying the anti-fibrotic effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) when used in conjunction with fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) for the management of benign biliary strictures (BBS). To decipher the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-fibrotic effects of corticosteroids on gallbladder mucosa, we conducted a comprehensive analysis. This analysis included various methodologies such as immunohistochemistry, ELISA, real-time PCR, and transcriptome analysis, enabling us to examine alterations in factors related to fibrosis and inflammation at both the protein and RNA levels...

Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstones, represents a prevalent hepatobiliary disorder. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic role and mechanism of Danyankang capsulein treating cholelithiasis induced by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. The therapeutical potential of Danyankang was assessed through biochemical analyses, histopathological examinations, protein detection, and 16S rDNA sequencing. A high-fat diet resulted in cholelithiasis manifestation in mice, with discernable abnormal serum biochemical indices and disrupted biliary cholesterol homeostasis...

OBJECTIVE: Complications of ascariasis are a significant cause of abdominal pain in pediatric emergencies, especially where it is endemic. A literature review was conducted with the aim of improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these patients. DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search was conducted using the key terms "ascariasis complications" and "hepatobiliary ascariasis". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, case reports, and reviews published up to December 2023...

UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Clonorchis sinensis infection is one of the risk factors that provokes chronic inflammation, epithelial hyperplasia, periductal fibrosis and even cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Disrupted or aberrant intercellular communication among liver-constituting cells leads to pathological states that cause various hepatic diseases. This study was designed to investigate the pathological changes caused by C. sinensis excretory-secretory products (ESPs) in non-cancerous human cell lines (cholangiocytes [H69 cell line] and human hepatic stellate cells [LX2 cell line]) and their intercellular crosstalk, as well the pathological changes in infected mouse liver tissues...