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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ondine Adam, Martin Blay, Andre R Brunoni, Hsin-An Chang, July S Gomes, Daniel C Javitt, Do-Un Jung, Joshua T Kantrowitz, Sanne Koops, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Ulrich Palm, Robert C Smith, Iris E Sommer, Leandro do Costa Lane Valiengo, Thomas W Weickert, Jérôme Brunelin, Marine Mondino
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Impaired insight into the illness and its consequences is associated with poor outcomes in schizophrenia. While transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may represent a potentially effective treatment strategy to relieve various symptoms of schizophrenia, its impact on insight remains unclear. To investigate whether tDCS would modulate insight in patients with schizophrenia, we undertook a meta-analysis based on results from previous RCTs that investigated the clinical efficacy of tDCS...
November 18, 2022: Schizophrenia Bulletin
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mari-Liis Viljur, Scott R Abella, Martin Adámek, Janderson Batista Rodrigues Alencar, Nicholas A Barber, Burkhard Beudert, Laura A Burkle, Luciano Cagnolo, Brent R Campos, Anne Chao, Brahim Chergui, Chang-Yong Choi, Daniel F R Cleary, Thomas Seth Davis, Yanus A Dechnik-Vázquez, William M Downing, Andrés Fuentes-Ramirez, Kamal J K Gandhi, Catherine Gehring, Kostadin B Georgiev, Mark Gimbutas, Konstantin B Gongalsky, Anastasiya Y Gorbunova, Cathryn H Greenberg, Kristoffer Hylander, Erik S Jules, Daniil I Korobushkin, Kajar Köster, Valerie Kurth, Joseph Drew Lanham, Maria Lazarina, Alexandro B Leverkus, David Lindenmayer, Daniel Magnabosco Marra, Pablo Martín-Pinto, Jorge A Meave, Marco Moretti, Hyun-Young Nam, Martin K Obrist, Theodora Petanidou, Pere Pons, Simon G Potts, Irina B Rapoport, Paul R Rhoades, Clark Richter, Ruslan A Saifutdinov, Nathan J Sanders, Xavier Santos, Zachary Steel, Julia Tavella, Clara Wendenburg, Beat Wermelinger, Andrey S Zaitsev, Simon Thorn
Disturbances alter biodiversity via their specific characteristics, including severity and extent in the landscape, which act at different temporal and spatial scales. Biodiversity response to disturbance also depends on the community characteristics and habitat requirements of species. Untangling the mechanistic interplay of these factors has guided disturbance ecology for decades, generating mixed scientific evidence of biodiversity responses to disturbance. Understanding the impact of natural disturbances on biodiversity is increasingly important due to human-induced changes in natural disturbance regimes...
October 2022: Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Mauzy, Kimberly Putney, Emily Baroni, Andrew Dey, Kavya Elangovan, Grace Ji, Samantha McHale, Gargi Prabha, Natalya Sarkisova, Stephanie Granger, Kristin Black, Joann Lindenmayer
CONTEXT: Massachusetts' decentralized public health model holds tightly to its founding principle of home rule and a board of health system established in 1799. Consequently, Massachusetts has more local health departments (n = 351) than any other state. During COVID-19, each health department, steeped in centuries of independence, launched its own response to the pandemic. OBJECTIVES: To analyze local public health resources and responses to COVID-19. DESIGN: Semistructured interviews and a survey gathered quantitative and qualitative information about communities' responses and resources before and during the pandemic...
July 2022: Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martino E Malerba, David B Lindenmayer, Ben C Scheele, Pawel Waryszak, I Noyan Yilmaz, Lukas Schuster, Peter I Macreadie
Agricultural practices have created tens of millions of small artificial water bodies ("farm dams" or "agricultural ponds") to provide water for domestic livestock worldwide. Among freshwater ecosystems, farm dams have some of the highest greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per m2 due to fertilizer and manure run-off boosting methane production-an extremely potent GHG. However, management strategies to mitigate the substantial emissions from millions of farm dams remain unexplored. We tested the hypothesis that installing fences to exclude livestock could reduce nutrients, improve water quality, and lower aquatic GHG emissions...
August 2022: Global Change Biology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katlyn Nemani, Sharifa Z Williams, Mark Olfson, Emily Leckman-Westin, Molly Finnerty, Jammie Kammer, Thomas E Smith, Daniel J Silverman, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Gillian Capichioni, James Clelland, Donald C Goff
Importance: Individuals with serious mental illness are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Several psychotropic medications have been identified as potential therapeutic agents to prevent or treat COVID-19 but have not been systematically examined in this population. Objective: To evaluate the associations between the use of psychotropic medications and the risk of COVID-19 infection among adults with serious mental illness receiving long-term inpatient psychiatric treatment...
May 2, 2022: JAMA Network Open
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Chard, Claire N Foster, David B Lindenmayer, Geoffrey J Cary, Christopher I MacGregor, Wade Blanchard
Fire and herbivores alter vegetation structure and function. Future fire activity is predicted to increase, and quantifying changes in vegetation communities arising from post-fire herbivory is needed to better manage natural environments. We investigated the effects of post-fire herbivory on understory plant communities in a coastal eucalypt forest in southeastern Australia. We quantified herbivore activity, understory plant diversity, and dominant plant morphology following a wildfire in 2017 using two sizes of exclosures...
April 2022: Ecology and Evolution
#27
MULTICENTER STUDY
Elan A Cohen, Taisa Skubiak, Dusica Hadzi Boskovic, Keinya Norman, Jonathan Knights, Hui Fang, Antonia Coppin-Renz, Timothy Peters-Strickland, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, J Corey Reuteman-Fowler
Objective: Inpatient psychiatric admissions drive the financial burden of schizophrenia, and medication adherence remains challenging. We assessed whether aripiprazole tablets with sensor (AS; system includes ingestible event-marker sensor, wearable sensor patches, and smartphone application) could reduce psychiatric hospitalizations compared with oral standard-of-care (SOC) antipsychotics. Methods: This phase 3b, mirror-image clinical trial was conducted from April 29, 2019-August 11, 2020, in adults with schizophrenia with ≥ 1 hospitalization in the previous 48 months who had been prescribed oral SOC for the preceding 6 months (retrospective phase)...
April 11, 2022: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David B Lindenmayer, Lachlan McBurney, Wade Blanchard, Karen Marsh, Elle Bowd, Darcy Watchorn, Chris Taylor, Kara Youngentob
Quantifying the factors associated with the presence and abundance of species is critical for conservation. Here, we quantify the factors associated with the occurrence of the Southern Greater Glider in the forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia. We gathered counts of animals along transects and constructed models of the probability of absence, and then the abundance if animals were present (conditional abundance), based on species' associations with forest type, forest age, the abundance of denning sites in large old hollow-bearing trees, climatic conditions, and vegetation density...
2022: PloS One
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin J Westgate, Clare Crane, David Smith, Colleen O'Malley, Angelina Siegrist, Dan Florance, Eleanor Lang, Mason Crane, Kassel Hingee, Ben C Scheele, David B Lindenmayer
In many farming landscapes, aquatic features, such as wetlands, creeks, and dams, provide water for stock and irrigation, while also acting as habitat for a range of plants and animals. Indeed, some species threatened by land-use change may otherwise be considerably rarer-or even suffer extinction-in the absence of these habitats. Therefore, a critical issue for the maintenance of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes is the extent to which the management of aquatic systems can promote the integration of agricultural production and biodiversity conservation...
March 2022: Ecology and Evolution
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J P Lindenmayer, Beverly J Insel, Anzalee Khan, McKenzie Osborne, Abraham Goldring, Mary Seddo
OBJECTIVE: While clozapine is recognized as the most effective antipsychotic for individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, its effects on neurocognition remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the neurocognitive effects of clozapine treatment to those of non-clozapine antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and to examine the role of anticholinergic burden on cognitive impairments. DESIGN: This was a naturalistic study. Cross-sectional data were drawn from participants with chronic schizophrenia in two clinical trials assessing cognition...
October 2021: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meena S Sritharan, Ben C Scheele, Wade Blanchard, David B Lindenmayer
Determining the drivers of plant rarity is a major challenge in ecology. Analysing spatial associations between different plant species can provide an exploratory avenue for understanding the ecological drivers of plant rarity. Here, we examined the different types of spatial associations between rare and common plants to determine if they influence the occurrence patterns of rare species. We completed vegetation surveys at 86 sites in woodland, forest, and heath communities in south-east Australia. We also examined two different rarity measures to quantify how categorisation criteria affected our results...
2021: PloS One
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pablo V Prieto, Jacob J Bukoski, Felipe S M Barros, Hawthorne L Beyer, Alvaro Iribarrem, Pedro H S Brancalion, Robin L Chazdon, David B Lindenmayer, Bernardo B N Strassburg, Manuel R Guariguata, Renato Crouzeilles
Natural forest regrowth is a cost-effective, nature-based solution for biodiversity recovery, yet different socioenvironmental factors can lead to variable outcomes. A critical knowledge gap in forest restoration planning is how to predict where natural forest regrowth is likely to lead to high levels of biodiversity recovery, which is an indicator of conservation value and the potential provisioning of diverse ecosystem services. We sought to predict and map landscape-scale recovery of species richness and total abundance of vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants in tropical and subtropical second-growth forests to inform spatial restoration planning...
June 2022: Conservation Biology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elle J Bowd, Sam C Banks, Andrew Bissett, Tom W May, David B Lindenmayer
Billions of microorganisms perform critical below-ground functions in all terrestrial ecosystems. While largely invisible to the naked eye, they support all higher lifeforms, form symbiotic relationships with ~90% of terrestrial plant species, stabilize soils, and facilitate biogeochemical cycles. Global increases in the frequency of disturbances are driving major changes in the structure and function of forests. However, despite their functional significance, the disturbance responses of forest microbial communities are poorly understood...
January 2022: Molecular Ecology
#34
LETTER
Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Eugene Burke, Gabriel Tsuboyama, Yasmeen Chahal, Harpreet Kaur Grewal
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 2022: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Per Angelstam, Andra-Cosmina Albulescu, Ollier Duranton F Andrianambinina, Réka Aszalós, Eugene Borovichev, Walter Cano Cardona, Denis Dobrynin, Mariia Fedoriak, Dejan Firm, Malcolm L Hunter, Wil de Jong, David Lindenmayer, Michael Manton, Juan J Monge, Pavel Mezei, Galina Michailova, Carlos L Muñoz Brenes, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, Olga V Petrova, Victor Petrov, Benny Pokorny, Serge C Rafanoharana, Yamina Micaela Rosas, Bob Robert Seymour, Patrick O Waeber, Lucienne Wilmé, Taras Yamelynets, Tzvetan Zlatanov
Exploitation of natural forests forms expanding frontiers. Simultaneously, protected area frontiers aim at maintaining functional habitat networks. To assess net effects of these frontiers, we examined 16 case study areas on five continents. We (1) mapped protected area instruments, (2) assessed their effectiveness, (3) mapped policy implementation tools, and (4) effects on protected areas originating from their surroundings. Results are given as follows: (1) conservation instruments covered 3-77%, (2) effectiveness of habitat networks depended on representativeness, habitat quality, functional connectivity, resource extraction in protected areas, time for landscape restoration, "paper parks", "fortress conservation", and data access, (3) regulatory policy instruments dominated over economic and informational, (4) negative matrix effects dominated over positive ones (protective forests, buffer zones, inaccessibility), which were restricted to former USSR and Costa Rica...
October 17, 2021: Ambio
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Seibold, Werner Rammer, Torsten Hothorn, Rupert Seidl, Michael D Ulyshen, Janina Lorz, Marc W Cadotte, David B Lindenmayer, Yagya P Adhikari, Roxana Aragón, Soyeon Bae, Petr Baldrian, Hassan Barimani Varandi, Jos Barlow, Claus Bässler, Jacques Beauchêne, Erika Berenguer, Rodrigo S Bergamin, Tone Birkemoe, Gergely Boros, Roland Brandl, Hervé Brustel, Philip J Burton, Yvonne T Cakpo-Tossou, Jorge Castro, Eugénie Cateau, Tyler P Cobb, Nina Farwig, Romina D Fernández, Jennifer Firn, Kee Seng Gan, Grizelle González, Martin M Gossner, Jan C Habel, Christian Hébert, Christoph Heibl, Osmo Heikkala, Andreas Hemp, Claudia Hemp, Joakim Hjältén, Stefan Hotes, Jari Kouki, Thibault Lachat, Jie Liu, Yu Liu, Ya-Huang Luo, Damasa M Macandog, Pablo E Martina, Sharif A Mukul, Baatarbileg Nachin, Kurtis Nisbet, John O'Halloran, Anne Oxbrough, Jeev Nath Pandey, Tomáš Pavlíček, Stephen M Pawson, Jacques S Rakotondranary, Jean-Baptiste Ramanamanjato, Liana Rossi, Jürgen Schmidl, Mark Schulze, Stephen Seaton, Marisa J Stone, Nigel E Stork, Byambagerel Suran, Anne Sverdrup-Thygeson, Simon Thorn, Ganesh Thyagarajan, Timothy J Wardlaw, Wolfgang W Weisser, Sungsoo Yoon, Naili Zhang, Jörg Müller
The amount of carbon stored in deadwood is equivalent to about 8 per cent of the global forest carbon stocks1 . The decomposition of deadwood is largely governed by climate2-5 with decomposer groups-such as microorganisms and insects-contributing to variations in the decomposition rates2,6,7 . At the global scale, the contribution of insects to the decomposition of deadwood and carbon release remains poorly understood7 . Here we present a field experiment of wood decomposition across 55 forest sites and 6 continents...
September 2021: Nature
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leo Dobes, Mason Crane, Tim Higgins, Albert I J M Van Dijk, David B Lindenmayer
Access to water is a critical aspect of livestock production, although the relationship between livestock weight gain and water quality remains poorly understood. Previous work has shown that water quality of poorly managed farm dams can be improved by fencing and constructing hardened watering points to limit stock access to the dam, and revegetation to filter contaminant inflow. Here we use cattle weight gain data from three North American studies to develop a cost-benefit analysis for the renovation of farm dams to improve water quality and, in turn, promote cattle weight gain on farms in south-eastern Australia...
2021: PloS One
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elle J Bowd, Lachlan McBurney, David P Blair, David B Lindenmayer
Forest ecosystems experience a myriad of natural and anthropogenic disturbances that shape ecological communities. Seedling emergence is a critical, preliminary stage in the recovery of forests post disturbance and is triggered by a series of abiotic and biotic changes. However, the long-term influence of different disturbance histories on patterns of seedling emergence is poorly understood.Here, we address this research gap by using an 11-year dataset gathered between 2009 and 2020 to quantify the influence of different histories of natural (wildfire) and anthropogenic (clearcut and postfire salvage logging) disturbances on emerging seedlings in early-successional Mountain Ash forests in southeastern Australia...
July 2021: Ecology and Evolution
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen R Marder, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Chirag Shah, Tara Carmack, Angel S Angelov, Leslie Lundt
OBJECTIVE: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a persistent and potentially disabling movement disorder associated with prolonged exposure to antipsychotics and other dopamine receptor blocking agents. Long-term safety of the approved TD medication, valbenazine, was demonstrated in 2 clinical trials (KINECT 3 [NCT02274558], KINECT 4 [NCT02405091]). Data from these trials were analyzed post hoc to evaluate the onset and resolution of adverse events (AEs). METHODS: Participants in KINECT 3 and KINECT 4 received up to 48 weeks of once-daily valbenazine (40 or 80 mg)...
April 2021: CNS Spectrums
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kara N Youngentob, David B Lindenmayer, Karen J Marsh, Andrew K Krockenberger, William J Foley
Reduced voluntary food intake is a common response of endotherms to warmer temperatures. However, the implications of this are rarely considered for wild animals exposed to higher temperatures caused by climate change. We provide a conceptual model to demonstrate the potential consequences of elevated temperatures on food intake and survival.
May 7, 2021: Trends in Ecology & Evolution
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