induction in labor part

BACKGROUND: Community health workers (CHWs) are central to Primary Health Care globally. Amidst the current flourishing of work on CHWs, there often is a lack of reference to history-even in studies of programs that have been around for decades. This study examines the 35-year trajectory of Nepal's Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs). METHODS: We conducted a content analysis of an archive of primary and secondary research materials, grey literature and government reports collected during 1977-2019 across several regions in Nepal...

<p>Introduction: Ovarian yolk sac tumor (OYST) during pregnancy is rare and usually missed. There are few PET/CT studies on OYST in the literature. We reported a case of OYST detected by 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a woman after induction of labor. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old woman after induction of labor because of severe malformation presented with abdominopelvic mass, laboratory tests revealed significantly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and elevated carbohydrate antigen 125 level. Abdomino-pelvic CT showed a cysticsolid mass of 82×152×167mm arising from the right ovary with abundant intratumoral vessels and intense enhancement in the solid part...

INTRODUCTION: Person-centeredness is a key principle in the German healthcare system. However, access to high-quality care for women with unintended pregnancy is limited due to social stigma and legal restrictions. There is little research on the adoption of person-centeredness in care for women with unintended pregnancy. The aim of this study was to analyze relevance and actual implementation of dimensions of person-centeredness in psycho-social and medical abortion care from the view of abortion care providers...

Mitogen-Activated Protein 3 Kinase 1 (MAP3K1) has a plethora of cell-type specific functions not yet fully understood. Herein we describe a role for MAP3K1 in female reproductive tract (FRT) development. MAP3K1 kinase domain-deficient female mice exhibit imperforate vagina, labor failure, and infertility. These defects correspond with shunted Müllerian ducts (MDs), the embryonic precursors of FRT, that manifest as contorted caudal vagina and abrogated vaginal-urogenital sinus fusion in neonates. The MAP3K1 kinase domain is required for an optimal activation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and cell polarity in MD epithelium, and for up-regulation of WNT signaling in mesenchyme surrounding the caudal MD...

OBJECTIVE: Large-for-gestational-age (LGA) is associated with several adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Although many studies have found that early induction of labor (eIOL) in LGA reduces the incidence of shoulder dystocia (SD), no current guidelines recommend this particular strategy, due to concerns about increased rates of cesarean delivery (CD) and neonatal complications. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the timing of IOL in LGA fetuses affects maternal and neonatal outcomes in a single center; and to combine these results with the evidence reported in the literature...

The endocrine regulation of birth is based on an intensive exchange of signals between fetus, placenta and mother. Apart from sheep, our knowledge of the underlying processes is still very incomplete. However, current observations suggest substantial species differences. Of critical importance for the onset of the final steps of the signaling cascade leading to active labor is "prepartum progesterone withdrawal," which is based on luteolysis (e. g., cattle, goat, buffalo, camelids, pig) or a breakdown in placental progestogen production (sheep, horse), depending on the relevant progestogen source in late pregnancy...

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The article examines the peculiarities of the Ukrainian state policy in the field of digitalization, reveals the social challenges caused by this phenom¬enon, and outlines the ways to overcome them. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The data collection was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar databases. Research papers were identified according to the search terms: "digitalization", "digital transformations", "Internet", "digital services", "smart city", "smart urbanization", "inclusion", "social exclusion", "community mental health", "volunteering", "social partnership"...

As part of an epidemiologic survey, we screened remnant samples collected for STI testing for mpox virus. We identified two cases of presumed MPXV infection in pregnant, heterosexual cisgender women. Here, we describe their pregnancy and birth outcomes. Both patients required induction of labor and experienced labor complicated by chorioamnionitis.

BACKGROUND: Planned 6 vs 12 hours placement of the double-balloon catheter for cervical ripening in labor induction hastens delivery. The Foley catheter is low-priced and typically performed at least as well as the proprietary double balloon devices in labor induction. Maternal satisfaction with labor induction is usually inversely related to the speed of the process. OBJECTIVE: To compare Foley balloon placement for 6 vs 12 hours in the labor induction of multiparas with unfavorable cervixes...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perinatal effects of umbilical cord entanglement (UCE) of different body parts. METHODS: The database of a tertiary medical center was retrospectively searched for women who gave birth to a liveborn singleton newborn in 2014-2018. Those diagnosed postpartum with UCE were matched 1:10 with women who were not and compared for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, overall and by site of entanglement. RESULTS: A total of 14 299 women were evaluated, of whom 1243 were diagnosed with UCE: 78...

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone that plays a key role in regulating the female reproductive system, including during labor and lactation. It is produced primarily in the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. Oxytocin can also be administered as a medication to initiate or augment uterine contractions. To study the effectiveness and safety of oxytocin, previous studies have randomized patients to low- and high-dose oxytocin infusion protocols either alone or as part of an active management of labor strategy along with other interventions...

BACKGROUND: Disrespect and abuse violates women's basic human rights and autonomy and can traumatize women who are already in a vulnerable position during childbirth and deter them from utilizing skilled care for future childbirth. This study explored women's perspectives on the acceptability of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in Ethiopia. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive design using five focus group discussions and fifteen in-depth, semi-structured, interviews was conducted with women between October 2019 to January 2020 in north Showa zone of Oromia region, central Ethiopia...

BACKGROUND: Globally, refugee women continue to face higher maternity-related risks from preventable complications during pregnancy and childbirth, partly due to high health care costs, unfamiliarity with the healthcare system, language barriers, and discrimination. Nevertheless, there is still a paucity of literature that evaluates the available evidence in the US. This scoping review delineated the body of literature on maternal health among refugee women resettled in the US in order to identify knowledge gaps in the literature and highlight future research priorities and directions for maternal health promotion...

The prediction of induction of labor continues to be a paradigm nowadays. Bishop Score is the traditional widely spread method but with a low reliability. Ultrasound cervical assessment has been proposed as an instrument of measurement. Shear wave elastography (SWE) should be a promising tool in the prediction of the success of labor induction in nulliparous late-term pregnancies. Ninety-two women with nulliparous late-term pregnancies who were going to be induced were included in the study. A shear wave measurement of the cervix divided into six regions (inner, middle and outer in both cervical lips), cervical length and fetal biometry was performed by blinded investigators prior to routine hand cervical assessment (Bishop Score (BS)) and induction of labor...

OBJECTIVE: During pregnancy, the stiffness of the cervical tissue decreases long before the cervical length decreases. Therefore, several approaches have been proposed in order to ensure a more objective assessment of cervical stiffness than that achieved by digital evaluation. Strain elastography has shown promising results. This technique is based on an ultrasound assessment of the tissue deformation that occurs when the examiner applies pressure on the tissue with the ultrasound probe...

BACKGROUND: The use of mechanical cervical ripening with balloon devices is common during induction of labor, however there is risk for displacement of the fetal presenting part during its insertion. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate the clinical risk factors associated with an intrapartum presentation change from cephalic to non-cephalic presentation after mechanical cervical ripening. STUDY DESIGN: Data were obtained from the Consortium on Safe Labor, a multicenter retrospective study that abstracted detailed labor and delivery information from electronic medical records in 19 hospitals across the United States...

BACKGROUND: Foetal anaemia and umbilical vein thrombosis are rare pregnancy complications that can increase the risk of perinatal adverse events, which, in severe cases, can lead to foetal death. During pregnancy, umbilical vein varix (UVV) commonly occurs in the intra-abdominal part of the umbilical vein and is associated with an increased risk of foetal anaemia and umbilical vein thrombosis. However, UVV occurring in the extra-abdominal part of the umbilical vein is rare, especially when accompanied by thrombosis...

Vaginal delivery in women with a breech presentation is part of common practice in France despite much debate, and the induction of labor (IOL) with a fetus in a breech presentation at term remains uncommon. Little is known about the effectiveness of cervical ripening and its neonatal and maternal safety in these women. We present a retrospective study of 362 women who gave birth to a live singleton fetus in a breech presentation at term. The objective was to compare severe maternal and neonatal morbidity according to the planned mode of labor (spontaneous labor or the induction of labor (IOL) with a favorable cervix, cervical ripening, or elective cesarean delivery) and, specifically, to compare cervical ripening to the other modes of labor...

BACKGROUND: Postpartum hemorrhage remains a key contributor to overall maternal morbidity in the United States. Current clinical assessment methods used to predict postpartum hemorrhage are unable to prospectively identify about 40% of hemorrhage cases. Oxytocin is a first-line pharmaceutical for preventing and treating postpartum hemorrhage, which acts through oxytocin receptors on uterine myocytes. Existing research indicates that oxytocin function is subject to variation, influenced in part by differences in the DNA sequence within the oxytocin receptor gene...

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy and the postnatal period can be times of psychosocial stress and insecurity, but high quality maternity care and social support can help mothers cope with stress and feel more secure. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated social and economic disruption increased rates of antenatal and postnatal stress, anxiety and depression, and also had profound impacts on the organisation of maternity services in England. METHODS: This was a qualitative descriptive study of the impact of pandemic-related changes to maternity care on mothers' emotional wellbeing, using inductive thematic analysis of open text responses to the National Maternity Survey (NMS) 2020 in England...