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Taha Berhil, Fatima Zohra Radi, Badre El Boussaadani, Zainab Raissouni
BACKGROUND: Syphilis, owing to its natural course, can lead to long-term damage to the aortic valve, such as insufficiency and rarely stenosis, ostial coronary stenosis, and syphilitic aortitis. Cardiovascular involvement alongside neurological involvement dominates the prognosis. This should no longer be seen, thanks to awareness and prevention programmes, medical treatment, and antibiotics. CASE SUMMARY: We report a case of a 54-year-old chronic smoker with no previous history, admitted for respiratory distress amid an impaired general condition...
March 2024: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Talip Yiğit, Naim Ata, Murat Dinçer, M Mahir Ülgü, Şuayip Birinci, M Okan Ayvalı
Extensive research into dementia has more recently honed in on several key areas. These areas include the advancement of techniques such as the accumulation of amyloid-β and tau proteins, the monitoring of cerebral hypometabolism rates etc. The primary objective of this study is to explore the intricate interplay between Alzheimer's disease (AD)-other dementias (D) and various chronic illnesses in terms of time, intensity, and connectivity. In this context, we retrospectively examined data of 149,786 individuals aged 65 and above who received diagnoses of AD and D in the year 2020...
March 12, 2024: Scientific Reports
#43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sipan Sarbast, Jamal B Mohamad
Introduction Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally, according to the World Health Organization. Research from the Middle East indicates that cardiovascular disease-related deaths in the region are among the highest worldwide. Multiple risk factors contribute to ASCVD. Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), often associated with hyperlipidemia, plays a pivotal role. The reduction of LDL cholesterol through statins has been extensively studied over the years and has demonstrated a significant decrease in rates of cardiovascular disease, particularly in high- and very high-risk groups...
February 2024: Curēus
#44
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandre Slater, Sophia Khattak, Mark R Thomas
Glycoprotein (GP) VI plays a major role in thrombosis but not haemostasis, making it a promising antithrombotic target. The primary role of GPVI on the surface of platelets is a signalling receptor for collagen, which is one of the most potent thrombotic sub-endothelial components that is exposed by atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Inhibition of GPVI has therefore been investigated as a strategy for treatment and prevention of atherothrombosis, such as during stroke and acute coronary syndromes. A range of specific GPVI inhibitors have been characterised and 2 of these inhibitors, glenzocimab and revacept, have completed phase II clinical trials in ischemic stroke...
March 7, 2024: European Heart Journal. Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
#45
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rita Pavasini, Gianluca Campo, Matteo Serenelli, Elisabetta Tonet, Vincenzo Guiducci, Javier Escaned, Raul Moreno, Gianni Casella, Caterina Cavazza, Ferdinando Varbella, Giorgio Sacchetta, Marco Arena, Ignacio Amat Santos, Enrique Gutiérrez Ibañes, Roberto Scarsini, Gianpiero D'Amico, Fernando Lozano Ruiz-Poveda, José Luis Díez Gil, Gianluca Pignatelli, Gianmarco Iannopollo, Iginio Colaiori, Ramon Calvino Santos, Andrea Marrone, Luca Fileti, Stefano Rigattieri, Emanuele Barbato, Raymundo Ocaranza-Sanchez, Simone Biscaglia
AIMS: The present analysis from the Functional Assessment in Elderly Myocardial Infarction Patients with Multivessel Disease (FIRE) trial aims to explore the significance of pre-admission physical activity and assess whether the benefits of physiology-guided complete revascularization apply consistently to sedentary and active older patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients aged 75 years or more with myocardial infarction (MI) and multivessel disease were randomized to receive physiology-guided complete revascularization or culprit-only strategy...
March 7, 2024: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fahad R Khan, Tariq Nawaz, Wasim Sajjad, Sadam Hussain, Muhammad Amin, Hassan Ali
Background Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) significantly complicates percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), with a higher prevalence in diabetic patients. This study compares the incidence of CIN in diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing PCI. Material and methods Conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK, from January to December 2023, this observational study involved 450 adult patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing PCI. The cohort was categorized based on diabetes status, excluding patients with chronic kidney disease and those on renal replacement therapy...
February 2024: Curēus
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rupak Desai, Avilash Mondal, Nishanth Katukuri, Adhvithi Pingili, Vamsikalyan Borra, Parth R Nayak, Akhil Jain, Harshil Patel, Omar Qaqish, Ankit Vyas, Ashok Kondur
Cerebral embolic protection devices (CEPD) during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have been shown to lower the risk of stroke during the procedure. However, their long-term and clinical effects on neuro-cognition are unknown. Therefore, we hypothesized the benefit of CEPD in TAVR patients with a prior history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). National Inpatient Sample (2019) and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes were used to identify patients undergoing TAVR with prior stroke or TIA...
March 4, 2024: Cardiology in Review
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas R Pettit, Diane Horner, Sara Freeman, Karen Rieger
INTRODUCTION: The goal of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of referring patients for lung cancer screening (LCS) from the emergency department (ED) as a method to increase the uptake of LCS. METHODS: This is a single-arm pilot study at a large safety-net ED. ED LCS-eligible patients were offered a referral to our LCS clinic upon ED discharge. The primary outcome was the frequency at which patients connected with the LCS clinic. RESULTS: During the study period, 105 patients were approached; 26 (24...
February 20, 2024: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
#49
Mohamad Abu Zar Abdul-Halim, Hasidah Abdul-Hamid, Noorhida Baharudin, Mohamed-Syarif Mohamed-Yassin, Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Hapizah Nawawi, Nadeem Qureshi, Anis Safura Ramli
BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition predominantly caused by the low-density lipoprotein receptor ( LDLR ) gene mutation. CASE SUMMARY: This is the case of a 54-year-old Malay woman with genetically confirmed FH complicated by premature coronary artery disease (PCAD). She was clinically diagnosed in primary care at 52 years old, fulfilling the Simon Broome Criteria (possible FH), Dutch Lipid Clinic Criteria (score of 8: probable FH), and Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Case Ascertainment Tool (relative risk score of 9...
February 2024: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
#50
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Sinclair De Frías, Shahin Isha, Lorenzo Olivero, Lekhya Raavi, Sai Abhishek Narra, Smit Paghdar, Sadhana Jonna, Parthkumar Satashia, Rachel Hannon, Jessica Blasavage, Layton White, Titilope Olanipekun, Pankaj Bansal, Sean Kiley, Juan Carlos Leoni, Jose Nativí, Melissa Lyle, Mathew Thomas, Basar Sareyyupoglu, Si Pham, Michael Smith, Pablo Moreno Franco, Parag Patel, Devang Sanghavi
BACKGROUND: Impella is an advanced ventricular assist device frequently used as a bridge to heart transplantation. The association of Impella with increased rates of gout flares has not been studied. Our primary aim is to determine the rates of gout flares in patients on Impella support. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study was conducted between January 2017 and September 2022 involving all patients who underwent heart transplantation. The cohort was divided into two groups based on Impella support for statistical analysis...
February 29, 2024: BMC rheumatology
#51
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Molina-Moreno, Iván González-Díaz, Maite Rivera Gorrín, Víctor Burguera Vion, Fernando Díaz-de-María
Ultrasound is a widespread imaging modality, with special application in medical fields such as nephrology. However, automated approaches for ultrasound renal interpretation still pose some challenges: (1) the need for manual supervision by experts at various stages of the system, which prevents its adoption in primary healthcare, and (2) their limited considered taxonomy (e.g., reduced number of pathologies), which makes them unsuitable for training practitioners and providing support to experts. This paper proposes a fully automated computer-aided diagnosis system for ultrasound renal imaging addressing both of these challenges...
February 27, 2024: J Imaging Inform Med
#52
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuichi Saito, Hiroaki Yaginuma, Kazunari Asada, Hiroki Goto, Takanori Sato, Hideki Kitahara, Yoshio Kobayashi
Patients with previous atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are typically managed by secondary prevention modalities, but they may experience recurrent events. In acute myocardial infarction (MI), the prognostic effect of pre-existing ASCVD on short- and long-term outcomes remains uncertain. This retrospective multicenter registry included 2475 patients with acute MI who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. Previous ASCVD was defined as a history of ischemic events in the coronary, cerebral, and peripheral arterial territories...
February 23, 2024: American Journal of Cardiology
#53
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Ramírez-Morros, Josep Franch-Nadal, Jordi Real, Queralt Miró-Catalina, Magdalena Bundó, Bogdan Vlacho, Didac Mauricio
INTRODUCTION: Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and encounter challenges in managing cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF); however, limited data are available in individuals with newlydiagnosed T2DM. METHODS: This study aimed to examine differences between women and men at the onset of T2DM in terms of clinical characteristics, glycaemic status, and CVRF management. This was a retrospective cohort study including subjects with newly-diagnosed T2DM from the System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia (Spain)...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yury Malyshev, Petr Neuzil, Jan Petru, Moritoshi Funasako, Pavel Hala, Karel Kopriva, Christopher Schneider, Anitha Achyutha, Annelies Vanderper, Daniel Musikantow, Mohit Turagam, Srinivas R Dukkipati, Vivek Y Reddy
BACKGROUND: In treating atrial fibrillation, pulsed-field ablation (PFA) has comparable efficacy to conventional thermal ablation, but with important safety advantages: no esophageal injury or pulmonary vein stenosis, and rare phrenic nerve injury. However, when PFA is delivered in proximity to coronary arteries using a pentaspline catheter, which generates a broad electrical field, severe vasospasm can be provoked. OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to study the vasospastic potential of a focal PFA catheter with a narrower electrical field and develop a preventive strategy with nitroglycerin...
February 7, 2024: JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
#55
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael T Lu, Heather Ribaudo, Borek Foldyna, Markella V Zanni, Thomas Mayrhofer, Julia Karady, Jana Taron, Kathleen V Fitch, Sara McCallum, Tricia H Burdo, Kayla Paradis, Sandeep S Hedgire, Nandini M Meyersohn, Christopher DeFilippi, Carlos D Malvestutto, Audra Sturniolo, Marissa Diggs, Sue Siminski, Gerald S Bloomfield, Beverly Alston-Smith, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Edgar T Overton, Judith S Currier, Judith A Aberg, Carl J Fichtenbaum, Udo Hoffmann, Pamela S Douglas, Steven K Grinspoon
IMPORTANCE: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in people with HIV (PWH) and is characterized by premature noncalcified coronary plaque. In the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE), pitavastatin reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) by 35% over a median of 5.1 years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of pitavastatin on noncalcified coronary artery plaque by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and on inflammatory biomarkers as potential mechanisms for MACE prevention...
February 21, 2024: JAMA Cardiology
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedro G M de Barros E Silva, Charlene Troiani do Nascimento, Rodrigo Pinto Pedrosa, Marcelo Arruda Nakazone, Michel Ulloffo do Nascimento, Leiliandry de Araújo Melo, Osvaldo Lourenço Silva Júnior, Sérgio Luiz Zimmermann, Rodrigo Morel Vieira de Melo, Ricardo Reinaldo Bergo, Dalton Bertolim Precoma, Lucas Tramujas, Eduardo Gomes Lima, João Miguel Malta Dantas, Antônio Cláudio do Amaral Baruzzi, Ronald Luiz Gomes Flumignan, Maria Sanali Moura de Oliveira Paiva, Luís Henrique Wolff Gowdak, Priscila Nasser de Carvalho, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Odilson Marcos Silvestre, Alexandre Fioranelli, Ricardo D 'Oliveira Vieira, Ana Clara Peneluppi Horak, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Flávia Cristina Soares Kojima, Júlia Souza de Oliveira, Leila de Oliveira Silva, Ricardo Pavanello, Eduardo Ramacciotti, Renato D Lopes
There is limited contemporary prospective real-world evidence of patients with chronic arterial disease in Latin America. The Network to control atherothrombosis (NEAT) registry is a national prospective observational study of patients with known coronary (CAD) and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Brazil. A total of 2,005 patients were enrolled among 25 sites from September 2020 to March 2022. Patient characteristics, medications and laboratorial data were collected. Primary objective was to assess the proportion of patients who, at the initial visit, were in accordance with good medical practices (domains) for reducing cardiovascular risk in atherothrombotic disease...
February 20, 2024: Scientific Reports
#57
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Benoit Lattuca, Cedric Mazeau, Guillaume Cayla, Grégory Ducrocq, Paul Guedeney, Mikael Laredo, Raphaëlle Dumaine, Mohamad El Kasty, Petr Kala, Mohammed Nejjari, Ota Hlinomaz, Olivier Morel, Olivier Varenne, Florence Leclercq, Laurent Payot, Christian Spaulding, Farzin Beygui, Grégoire Rangé, Zuzana Motovska, Jean-Jacques Portal, Eric Vicaut, Jean-Philippe Collet, Gilles Montalescot, Johanne Silvain
BACKGROUND: Whether ticagrelor in chronic coronary syndrome patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can prevent cardiovascular events is unknown. OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to evaluate outcomes of complex PCI and the efficacy of ticagrelor vs clopidogrel in stable patients randomized in the ALPHEUS (Assessment of Loading with the P2Y12 inhibitor ticagrelor or clopidogrel to Halt ischemic Events in patients Undergoing elective coronary Stenting) trial...
February 12, 2024: JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillaume Marquis-Gravel, Amanda Stebbins, Lisa M Wruck, Matthew T Roe, Mark B Effron, Bradley G Hammill, Jeff Whittle, Jeffrey J VanWormer, Holly R Robertson, Jacqueline D Alikhaani, Sunil Kripalani, Peter M Farrehi, Saket Girotra, Catherine P Benziger, Tamar S Polonsky, J Greg Merritt, Kamal Gupta, Thomas E McCormick, Kirk U Knowlton, Sandeep K Jain, Ajar Kochar, Russell L Rothman, Robert A Harrington, Adrian F Hernandez, W Schuyler Jones
BACKGROUND: In patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, increasing age is concurrently associated with higher risks of ischemic and bleeding events. The objectives are to determine the impact of aspirin dose on clinical outcomes according to age in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the ADAPTABLE (Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-Centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-Term Effectiveness) trial, patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomized to daily aspirin doses of 81 mg or 325 mg...
February 13, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoxuan Zhai, Shengchuan Cao, Jiali Wang, Bao Qiao, Xuehao Liu, Rui Hua, Menglin Zhao, Shukun Sun, Yu Han, Shuo Wu, Jiaojiao Pang, Qiuhuan Yuan, Bailu Wang, Feng Xu, Shujian Wei, Yuguo Chen
BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification, which is characterized by calcium deposition in arterial walls and the osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, is an actively regulated process that involves complex mechanisms. Vascular calcification is associated with increased cardiovascular adverse events. The role of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is the most abundant stable product of lipid peroxidation, in vascular calcification has been poorly investigated. METHODS: Serum was collected from patients with chronic kidney disease and controls, and the levels of 4-HNE and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α were measured...
February 13, 2024: Circulation
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ariel Roguin, Ofer Kobo, Simha-Ron Meisel, Ziad Darawsha, Mahmood Odeh, Aharon Frimerman, Naama Amsalem, Rami Abu Fanne
(1) Introduction : A significant proportion of patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) have normal (NCA) or non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD). This study retrospectively tested the incidence of re-catheterization, and long-term outcomes of this population in patients aged over 50 years. (2) Methods : We identified all patients above 50 years of age with NOCAD who underwent their first CAG at our center between January 2008 and December 2019. Patients were evaluated for their baseline characteristics, risk factors profile, and indication for CAG...
February 2, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
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