keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431563/circadian-rhythm-of-intraocular-pressure
#1
REVIEW
Keisuke Ikegami
Intraocular pressure (IOP) plays a crucial role in glaucoma development, involving the dynamics of aqueous humor (AH). AH flows in from the ciliary body and exits through the trabecular meshwork (TM). IOP follows a circadian rhythm synchronized with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the circadian pacemaker. The SCN resets peripheral clocks through sympathetic nerves or adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs). IOP's circadian rhythm is governed by circadian time signals, sympathetic noradrenaline (NE), and GCs, rather than the local clock...
March 2, 2024: Journal of Physiological Sciences: JPS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408800/adaptive-remodeling-of-the-stimulus-secretion-coupling-lessons-from-the-stressed-adrenal-medulla
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathalie C Guérineau
Stress is part of our daily lives and good health in the modern world is offset by unhealthy lifestyle factors, including the deleterious consequences of stress and associated pathologies. Repeated and/or prolonged stress may disrupt the body homeostasis and thus threatens our lives. Adaptive processes that allow the organism to adapt to new environmental conditions and maintain its homeostasis are therefore crucial. The adrenal glands are major endocrine/neuroendocrine organs involved in the adaptive response of the body facing stressful situations...
2024: Vitamins and Hormones
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397404/exploratory-review-of-the-takotsubo-syndrome-and-the-possible-role-of-the-psychosocial-stress-response-and-inflammaging
#3
REVIEW
Niklas Frank, Martin J Herrmann, Martin Lauer, Carola Y Förster
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a cardiomyopathy that clinically presents as a transient and reversible left ventricular wall motion abnormality (LVWMA). Recovery can occur spontaneously within hours or weeks. Studies have shown that it mainly affects older people. In particular, there is a higher prevalence in postmenopausal women. Physical and emotional stress factors are widely discussed and generally recognized triggers. In addition, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the associated glucocorticoid-dependent negative feedback play an important role in the resulting immune response...
January 31, 2024: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393625/stress-biomarkers-transferred-into-the-female-reproductive-tract-by-seminal-plasma-are-associated-with-icsi-outcomes
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Nikolaeva, Alla Arefieva, Alina Babayan, Valeriy Aksenov, Anastasia Zhukova, Elena Kalinina, Liubov Krechetova, Gennady Sukhikh
This study aimed to determine whether male stress is related to seminal stress biomarkers and pregnancy achievement in women exposed to their partner's seminal plasma (SP) in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle. In this pilot prospective study, 20 couples undergoing ICSI, as well as 5 fertile sperm donors and 10 saliva donors, were investigated. Women were exposed to their partner's SP via unprotected sexual intercourse during the ICSI cycle and intravaginal application on the day of ovum pick-up (Day-OPU)...
February 23, 2024: Reproductive Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327598/multi-disciplinary-surgery-for-simultaneous-resection-of-multiple-tumors-in-a-patient-with-newly-diagnosed-metastatic-pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma
#5
Jibo Jing, Lingfeng Meng, Yaoguang Zhang, Runhua Tang, Haoran Wang, Jiaxing Ning, Xinhao Wang
Metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (MPP) is a rare endocrine tumor that originates from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells such as the paraganglia cells of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. It usually causes multiple solid tumors and exhibits strong aggressiveness with poor prognosis, with a reported 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Cases of brain and retroperitoneal metastases at the initial diagnosis have not yet been reported. We report a 41-year-old male patient initially diagnosed with MPP in the brain and retroperitoneum who underwent multi-disciplinary collaborative surgery and simultaneous removal of two tumors at our center...
October 2023: Cancer Pathog Ther
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38260572/a-pacap-activated-network-for-secretion-requires-coordination-of-ca-2-influx-and-ca-2-mobilization
#6
Xiaohuan Chen, Nicole A Bell, Breanna L Coffman, Agustin A Rabino, Rafael Garcia-Mata, Paul J Kammermeier, David I Yule, Daniel Axelrod, Alan V Smrcka, David R Giovannucci, Arun Anantharam
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla transduce sympathetic nerve activity into stress hormone secretion. The two neurotransmitters principally responsible for coupling cell stimulation to secretion are acetylcholine and pituitary adenylate activating polypeptide (PACAP). In contrast to acetylcholine, PACAP evokes a persistent secretory response from chromaffin cells. However, the mechanisms by which PACAP acts are poorly understood. Here, it is shown that PACAP induces sustained increases in cytosolic Ca 2+ which are disrupted when Ca 2+ influx through L-type channels is blocked or internal Ca 2+ stores are depleted...
January 3, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224064/why-does-malaise-fatigue-occur-underlying-mechanisms-and-potential-relevance-to-treatments-in-rheumatoid-arthritis
#7
REVIEW
Yoshiya Tanaka, Kei Ikeda, Yuko Kaneko, Naoki Ishiguro, Tsutomu Takeuchi
INTRODUCTION: Fatigue and malaise are commonly associated with a wide range of medical conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Evidence suggests that fatigue and malaise can be overwhelming for patients, yet these symptoms remain inadequately-managed, largely due to an incomplete elucidation of the underlying causes. AREAS COVERED: In this assessment of the published literature relating to the pathogenesis of fatigue or malaise in chronic conditions, four key mechanistic themes were identified...
January 15, 2024: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022663/impact-of-norepinephrine-on-immunity-and-oxidative-metabolism-in-sepsis
#8
REVIEW
Joby Thoppil, Prayag Mehta, Brett Bartels, Drashya Sharma, J David Farrar
Sepsis is a major health problem in the United States (US), constituting a leading contributor to mortality among critically ill patients. Despite advances in treatment the underlying pathophysiology of sepsis remains elusive. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a significant role in antimicrobial host defense and inflammation and its dysregulation leads to maladaptive responses because of excessive inflammation. There is growing evidence for crosstalk between the central nervous system and the immune system in response to infection...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37985742/lowering-of-blood-pressure-by-chemical-ablation-of-the-unilateral-adrenal-gland-in-spontaneously-hypertensive-rats
#9
EDITORIAL
Satoshi Morimoto, Atsuhiro Ichihara
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 20, 2023: Hypertension Research: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37821752/autonomic-nervous-system-imbalance-during-aging-contributes-to-impair-endogenous-anti-inflammaging-strategies
#10
REVIEW
Sergio Giunta, Shijin Xia, Giuseppe Pelliccioni, Fabiola Olivieri
Inflammaging refers to the age-related low grade, sterile, chronic, systemic, and long-lasting subclinical, proinflammatory status, currently recognized as the main risk factor for development and progression of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). Extensive investigations were focused on a plethora of proinflammatory stimuli that can fuel inflammaging, underestimating and partly neglecting important endogenous anti-inflammaging mechanisms that could play a crucial role in such age-related proinflammatory state...
October 11, 2023: GeroScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37775760/unbiased-multitissue-transcriptomic-analysis-reveals-complex-neuroendocrine-regulatory-networks-mediated-by-spinal-cord-injury-induced-immunodeficiency
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Zeng, Li Cheng, De-Zhi Lu, Shuai Fan, Ke-Xin Wang, Li-Li Xu, Bin Cai, Mou-Wang Zhou, Jin-Wu Wang
BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI), which causes loss of sensory and motor function in the body below the level of injury, is a devastating disease of the central nervous system. SCI leads to severe secondary immunosuppression, called SCI-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (SCI-IDS), which is characterized by increased susceptibility to infection and further exacerbates neurological dysfunction. Several studies have suggested that SCI-IDS is an independent risk factor for poor neurological prognosis...
September 30, 2023: Journal of Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37753078/revealing-the-biological-mechanism-of-acupuncture-in-alleviating-excessive-inflammatory-responses-and-organ-damage-in-sepsis-a-systematic-review
#12
REVIEW
Lin Yang, Dan Zhou, Jiaojiao Cao, Fangyuan Shi, Jiaming Zeng, Siqi Zhang, Guorui Yan, Zhihan Chen, Bo Chen, Yi Guo, Xiaowei Lin
Sepsis is a systemic inflammation caused by a maladjusted host response to infection. In severe cases, it can cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even endanger life. Acupuncture is widely accepted and applied in the treatment of sepsis, and breakthroughs have been made regarding its mechanism of action in recent years. In this review, we systematically discuss the current clinical applications of acupuncture in the treatment of sepsis and focus on the mechanisms of acupuncture in animal models of systemic inflammation...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37680574/muscarinic-receptor-stimulation-does-not-inhibit-voltage-dependent-ca-2-channels-in-rat-adrenal-medullary-chromaffin-cells
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keita Harada, Masumi Inoue
Adrenal medullary chromaffin (AMC) and sympathetic ganglion cells are derived from the neural crest and show a similar developmental path. Thus, these two cell types have many common properties in membrane excitability and signaling. However, AMC cells function as endocrine cells while sympathetic ganglion cells are neurons. In rat sympathetic ganglion cells, muscarinic M1 and M4 receptors mediate excitation and inhibition via suppression of M-type K+ channels and suppression of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, respectively...
August 30, 2023: Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37628918/renal-glucose-release-after-unilateral-renal-denervation-during-a-hypoglycemic-clamp-in-pigs-with-an-altered-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis-after-late-gestational-dexamethasone-injection
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marius Nistor, Martin Schmidt, Carsten Klingner, Caroline Klingner, Matthias Schwab, Sabine Juliane Bischoff, Georg Matziolis, Guadalupe Leticia Rodríguez-González, René Schiffner
Previously, we demonstrated in pigs that renal denervation halves glucose release during hypoglycaemia and that a prenatal dexamethasone injection caused increased ACTH and cortisol concentrations as markers of a heightened hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPAA) during hypoglycaemia. In this study, we investigated the influence of an altered HPAA on renal glucose release during hypoglycaemia. Pigs whose mothers had received two late-gestational dexamethasone injections were subjected to a 75 min hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemic clamp (<3 mmol/L) after unilateral surgical denervation...
August 13, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37467550/enhancement-of-muscarinic-receptor-mediated-excitation-in-spontaneously-hypertensive-rat-adrenal-medullary-chromaffin-cells
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masumi Inoue, Keita Harada
One of the mechanisms for hypertension is an increase in blood catecholamines due to increased secretion from sympathetic nerve terminals and adrenal medullary chromaffin (AMC) cells. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) are used as an animal model of hypertension. Catecholamine secretion in AMC cells occurs in response to humoral factors and neuronal inputs from the sympathetic nerve fibres. Acetylcholine (ACh) released from the nerve terminals activates nicotinic as well as muscarinic ACh receptors. The present experiment aimed to elucidate whether muscarinic receptor-mediated excitation is altered in SHR AMC cells and, if it is, how...
July 10, 2023: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic & Clinical
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37449602/molecular-chaperones-in-stroke-induced-immunosuppression
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haoduo Qiao, Qing Xu, Yunfei Xu, Yao Zhao, Nina He, Jie Tang, Jie Zhao, Ying Liu
Stroke-induced immunosuppression is a process that leads to peripheral suppression of the immune system after a stroke and belongs to the central nervous system injury-induced immunosuppressive syndrome. Stroke-induced immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to post-stroke infections, such as urinary tract infections and stroke-associated pneumonia, worsening prognosis. Molecular chaperones are a large class of proteins that are able to maintain proteostasis by directing the folding of nascent polypeptide chains, refolding misfolded proteins, and targeting misfolded proteins for degradation...
December 2023: Neural Regeneration Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37404042/reference-gene-recommendations-and-pacap-receptor-expression-in-murine-sympathetic-ganglia-of-the-autonomic-nervous-system-that-innervate-adipose-tissues-after-chronic-cold-exposure
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parleen K Pandher, Yamna Rahim, Katherine P Timms, Ekaterina Filatov, Landon I Short, Sarah L Gray
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an important regulator of the stress response in mammals, influencing both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). PACAP has been reported to influence energy homeostasis, including adaptive thermogenesis, an energy burning process in adipose tissue regulated by the SNS in response to cold stress and overfeeding. While research suggests PACAP acts centrally at the level of the hypothalamus, knowledge of PACAP's role within the sympathetic nerves innervating adipose tissues in response to metabolic stressors is limited...
June 12, 2023: Journal of Neuroendocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37302390/acute-inhibition-of-inflammation-mediated-by-sympathetic-nerves-the-inflammatory-reflex
#18
REVIEW
Alessandra Occhinegro, Robin M McAllen, Michael J McKinley, Davide Martelli
In this review we will try to convince the readers that the immune system is controlled by an endogenous neural reflex, termed inflammatory reflex, that inhibits the acute immune response during the course of a systemic immune challenge. We will analyse here the contribution of different sympathetic nerves as possible efferent arms of the inflammatory reflex. We will discuss the evidence that demonstrates that neither the splenic sympathetic nerves nor the hepatic sympathetic nerves are necessary for the endogenous neural reflex inhibition of inflammation...
June 9, 2023: Neuroimmunomodulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37248367/plasma-free-metanephrines-nerve-growth-factor-and-renalase-significance-in-patients-with-pcos
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ralitsa Robeva, Atanaska Elenkova, Georgi Kirilov, Sabina Zacharieva
PURPOSE: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common heterogeneous condition with probably multifactorial genesis. Animal studies have proven the essential role of the sympathetic nervous system in the syndrome development, while human studies are still contradictory. The present study aims to investigate the possible influence of plasma-free metanephrine (MN), and normetanephrine (NMN), nerve growth factor (NGF), and renalase (RNL) on the hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS and healthy controls...
May 29, 2023: Endocrine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37232031/autonomic-regulation-of-inflammation-in-conscious-animals
#20
REVIEW
Helio Salgado Cesar, Fernanda Brognara, Aline Barbosa Ribeiro, Renata Maria Lataro, Jaci Airton Castania, Luis Ulloa, Alexandre Kanashiro
Bioelectronic medicine is a novel field in modern medicine based on specific neuronal stimulation to control organ function and cardiovascular and immune homeostasis. However, most studies addressing neuromodulation of the immune system have been conducted on anesthetized animals, which can affect the nervous system and neuromodulation. Here we review recent studies involving conscious experimental rodents (rats and mice) to better understand the functional organization of neural control of immune homeostasis...
May 5, 2023: Neuroimmunomodulation
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