Oncology

BACKGROUND: The treatment paradigm for patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (rrALL) has been revolutionized given recent clinical trials demonstrating remarkable success of immunotherapies and leading to drug approvals by United States and European agencies. We report experience with commercial blinatumomab and inotuzumab use at two North American pediatric oncology centers in children and adolescents/young adults with B-ALL. PROCEDURE: Patients 0-25 years old treated with the CD19 × CD3 bispecific T cell-engaging antibody blinatumomab and/or the CD22 antibody-drug conjugate inotuzumab from January 1, 2010, to June 1, 2018, were eligible...

BACKGROUND: Rate of abdominoperineal resection (APR) varies from countries and surgeons. Surgical impact of preoperative treatment for ultra-low rectal carcinoma (ULRC) initially indicated for APR is debated. We report the 10-year oncological results from a prospective controlled trial (GRECCAR 1) which evaluate the sphincter saving surgery (SSR). METHODS: ULRC indicated for APR were included (n = 207). Randomization was between high-dose radiation (HDR, 45 + 18 Gy) and radiochemotherapy (RCT, 45 Gy + 5FU infusion)...

Mycosis fungoides (MF) represents the most common type of cutaneous lymphoma. In the majority of patients, the disease has a slow evolution and a protracted course; however, a subset of patients shows poor oncologic outcomes. Unfortunately, there are no reliable prognostic markers for MF, and the currently available treatments are only effective in a minority of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the expression and clinical significance of PARP-1 and CAF-1/p60 in MF. Sixty-four MF representatives of the different stages of disease were assessed by immunohistochemistry for PARP-1 and CAF-1/p60...

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is more frequent in the elderly and increases the risk of respiratory infections. Previous data on PD and SARS-CoV-2 are scarce, suggesting a poor prognosis in advanced disease and second-line therapies. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study comparing patients with PD and COVID-19 and patients with PD without COVID-19 was conducted during the pandemic period in Spain (March 1st-July 31st 2020) in a tertiary university hospital...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy, with low survival rates and high incidence of tumor and treatment-related morbidity. This study aims to analyze the long-term oncologic and functional outcomes of a large cohort of patients and to determine prognostic factors. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: The records of all patients diagnosed with hypopharyngeal SCC and treated with curative intent at our tertiary referral center were reviewed...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the fifth most common malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with hyperendemic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection. HIV patients have higher rates of HNC, yet the effect of HIV-infection on oncologic outcomes and treatment toxicity is poorly characterized. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. METHODS: HNC patients attending a government-funded oncology clinic in Botswana were prospectively enrolled in an observational cohort registry from 2015 to 2019...

OBJECTIVE: The collaborative care model is effective in delivering evidence-based psychosocial oncology care. Social workers comprise the largest proportion of psychosocial oncology providers in the United States. This study describes the process and perceptions of clinical oncology social workers at a large comprehensive cancer center who transitioned to practicing as care managers within collaborative care. METHODS: We describe the process of engaging clinical oncology social workers as care managers as part of the implementation of collaborative care at the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance...

BACKGROUND: To explore the genomic landscape of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) in circulation (ctDNA) and tumor (tDNA) and understand the implications of ctDNA sequencing for prognosis and precision oncology treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 75 HNSCC patients for both tDNA and ctDNA. Results were analyzed for concordance between tDNA and ctDNA and for their individual and combined association with demographics, survival, and presence and extent of disease at last visit (DLV)...

BACKGROUND: The aims of this systematic review are to (a) evaluate the current literature on the impact of postoperative therapy for resected squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) on oncologic and non-oncologic outcomes and (b) identify the optimal evidence-based postoperative therapy recommendations for commonly encountered clinical scenarios. METHODS: An analysis of the medical literature from peer-reviewed journals was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline...

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer and early detection and accurate staging are critical to prolonging survival. PDAC typically has a prominent stroma including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that express Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP). FAP is a new target molecule for PET imaging of various tumors. In this retrospective study we describe the clinical impact of PET/CT imaging using 68 Ga-labelled FAP-Inhibitors (68 Ga-FAPI - PET/CT) in 19 patients with PDAC (7 primary, 12 progressive/recurrent)...

INTRODUCTION: Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of various cancers, but little is known about their symptomatic toxicity. Assessing these symptoms is best accomplished by asking the patients themselves. However, such reports are subjective and may face challenges as bonafide scientific data. Demonstrating the validity of symptom assessment tools, mainly through the reduction of measurement errors, has the potential to improve patient care if these tools are widely adopted...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility and safety of a repeated SHort course Accelerated RadiatiON therapy (SHARON) regimen in the palliative setting of Head and Neck (H&N) cancer in older adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with histological confirmed H&N cancers, age ≥ 80 years, expected survival >3 months, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤3 were enrolled. Patients were treated in cohorts of six patients: a total dose of 20 Gy was delivered in 2 consecutive days with a twice-daily fractionation (5 Gy per fraction) and at least 8-h interval...

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PURPOSE: This guideline reviews the evidence and provides recommendations for the indications and appropriate technique and dose of neoadjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of localized rectal cancer. METHODS: The American Society for Radiation Oncology convened a task force to address 4 key questions focused on the use of RT in preoperative management of operable rectal cancer. These questions included the indications for neoadjuvant RT, identification of appropriate neoadjuvant regimens, indications for consideration of a nonoperative or local excision approach after chemoradiation, and appropriate treatment volumes and techniques...

BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma is an incurable hematologic malignancy with significant recent treatment advances; however, the magnitude of treatment burden among patients in the first year after diagnosis has yet to be fully researched and reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with multiple myeloma newly diagnosed between 2007 and 2013 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked databases. Treatment burden was captured as the number of total days with a health care encounter (including acute care and outpatient visits), oncology and nononcology physician visits, and the number of new prescriptions within the first year after diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of lymph-node involvement on oncological outcomes in patients with pathologically organ-confined prostate cancer (pT2 CaP) after radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 9,631 pT2 CaP patients who underwent RP at a single institution between 1998 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression models (CRMs) assessed biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival and metastasis-free survival (MFS) according to N-stage...

BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are targeted therapies that frequently induce skin eruptions such as acneiform rash. Due to their increasing use in oncology as well as the expanding number of exposed patients, new adverse events may emerge. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 54-year-old female patient treated with erlotinib for 8 months for pulmonary adenocarcinoma presented inflammatory alopecia that had been ongoing for 1 month. Her condition did not improve with doxycycline 100mg/day...

BACKGROUND: Although minimally invasive lobectomy has gained worldwide interest, there has been debate on perioperative and oncological outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes among open lobectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, and robotic lobectomy. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were consulted. A fully Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-four studies (183,426 patients) were included; 88,865 (48...

Ever since the officialization of oncologic supportive care by the DHOS circular in February 22nd , 2005 and measure 42 of the 2003-2007 Cancer Plan, their content has been enriched for inpatients and outpatients. A guaranteed care package was determined in February 2017 following a study lead by AFSOS and INCa. It adds adapted physical activity and sexual health support to basic supportive care such as pain relief, nutrition, psychology, social support. Supportive cares in pediatric oncology were defined in March 2004...

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