healthy visual school-age

Background: Hand-eye coordination is essential for our daily activities. It involves the accuracy and concentration with which an individual performs tasks. Memory tasks like abacus involve the increased use of the superior and middle frontal gyrus, the motor region of the cerebral cortex, which improves the blood supply to this region, and nourishment to the neurons. This enhances neural plasticity in the developing age, which, in turn, improves the rapidity and precision of physical responses to various stimuli...

PURPOSE: To investigate acute eye symptoms in healthy children after a typical day of virtual school during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The study population included 110 healthy children 10-17 years of age who were enrolled in full-time or hybrid virtual school. Children with a history of central nervous system or ocular pathology, recent concussions, reported poor vision, convergence insufficiency, history of orthoptic therapy, strabismus, amblyopia, or learning disorders were excluded...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that often have their onset among adolescents and young adults (AYA). IBD are characterized by episodes of active disease interspersed with periods of remission, and its activity is inversely correlated with health-related quality of life (HRQL). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether AYA in remission or with low IBD activity would exhibit HRQL similar to that of age-matched healthy individuals, and whether demographic and disease factors could affect HRQL using a 'patient-reported outcome' instrument...

Dear Editor, The Covid-19 pandemic affected human life globally, inducing much stress on daily living (Çakıroğlu et al. 2020). Although assessments of general mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic have been widely reported, there is not adequate research on how schizophrenia patients have been affected. According to the World Health Organization (2020), individuals with chronic diseases who do not pay attention to their personal hygiene and the rules of protection from COVID-19 have a higher risk of getting infected than the healthy individuals who observe these measures...

Currently, sports activities require a high reaction speed, coordination, and balance, highlighting the relationship between proprioceptive control, visual control, and hand-eye coordination in youth. The present research assessed the proprioceptive control, reaction speed, and lower limb balance of youth from five different schools to identify the level of physical preparation of children in this direction. This prospective study was conducted between 1 January 2020 and 29 February 2020. A total of 107 healthy children (33 females and 74 males) with appropriate medical conditions, aged between 14 and 15 years, from five Romanian schools were included in the experiment...

Dear Editor, The Covid-19 pandemic affected human life globally, inducing much stress on daily living (Çakıroğlu et al. 2020). Although assessments of general mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic have been widely reported, there is not adequate research on how schizophrenia patients have been affected. According to the World Health Organization (2020), individuals with chronic diseases who do not pay attention to their personal hygiene and the rules of protection from COVID-19 have a higher risk of getting infected than the healthy individuals who observe these measures...

Objective: To record occlusal contact of primary dentition at maximal intercuspal position in children with individual normal occlusion. Methods: A total of 57 children were recruited from patients of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Inclusion criteria were that the subjects were 3-5 years old with no visually detectable caries or pupal and periapical diseases, had complete primary dentition, had individual normal occlusion, had normal function of craniofacial system, were medically healthy, could cooperate with sampling and had obtained written informed consent from the parents or guardians...

PURPOSE: To provide guidance on the frequency and components of eye examinations for healthy children aged 0 to 5 years. METHODS: These guidelines were developed based on the medical literature and clinical experience of an expert committee. PubMed/Medline searches were performed, with selected publications not restricted to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, or observational studies. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation profile was applied when suitable, and for issues without scientific evidence, recommendations were based on expert consensus...

OBJECTIVE: Emotions are often conveyed via visual and together with the auditory mode in social interaction. We aimed to investigate the ability to recognize facial and/or auditory emotions in school-aged children with cochlear implantation and healthy controls. METHODS: All participants were asked to respond to facial emotions of Ekman and Friesen's pictures, then auditory emotions, and last, they were asked to respond to video-based dynamic synchronous facial and auditory emotions...

It is important to assess the prevalence of risk factors for dementia to slow down the progression and evolution of the disease, and to support interventions and prevention programs. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of these factors in individuals registered in Primary Health Care in Brazil and their relationship with sex and age group. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study with n=300 individuals. We evaluated the prevalence of main risk factors (low education, hearing loss, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, and diabetes mellitus) and others (poor diet, alcohol use, head trauma, monolingualism, visual impairment, and sleep disorders) identified in the literature...

The co-occurrence of post-stroke behavioral disorders and cognitive impairment has been extensively investigated. However, studies usually do not include social cognition among the assessed cognitive domains. Objective: To investigate the potential association between facial emotion recognition, a measure of social cognition, and behavioral and cognitive symptoms in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients admitted to a Stroke Unit with ischemic stroke were followed up to 60 days...

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disorder of the nose caused by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated immune response to allergens. Apart from the typical symptoms of sneezing, itching, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion, behavioral complications were also reported to be associated with the progression of AR, such as cognitive deficits, mood changes, memory decline, attention deficiency, poor school performance, anxiety, and depression. Recent human studies have suggested that alterations in brain function caused by allergen exposure may precipitate high levels of anxiety and emotional reactivity in asthma patients...

BACKGROUND: This study sought to explore the plausible mechanism of the cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes by analyzing the levels of serum amyloid β-protein (Aβl-42), adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). METHODS: Eighty-four patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 60 healthy people were selected as the participants for this study. Clinical data were collected using self-made questionnaires. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) scale was used to access cognitive functions...

OBJECTIVES: To identify predictors of prolonged recovery (ie, >28 days) using patient demographic factors and healthy, norm-based cutoffs on a multimodal test battery in adolescents after sport-related concussions (SRCs). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. Patients were deemed recovered after successful completion of return-to-play/school protocols and received medical clearance. SETTING: Community concussion clinic. PATIENTS: Male and female adolescent student athletes diagnosed with a SRC and evaluated within 1 week of injury...

PURPOSE: To assess anterior segment anatomic parameters in school-aged children with spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity (sr-ROP) and in children born preterm without ROP history (preT). METHODS: sr-ROP and preT children were compared with healthy, born at term children (control group). Biometric characteristics were measured with the IOLMaster. Iridocorneal angle structure was evaluated using Visante AS-OCT, and angle opening distance, trabecular iris space area and scleral spur angle were calculated...

Purpose: : Retinoblastoma (RB) is the commonest intraocular tumor in children. Despite high cure rates, data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of RB survivors are limited. This study aimed to analyze parent's perspective and self-report of HRQoL of RB survivors, using healthy siblings as controls. It also evaluated the impact of socio-economic status (SES), gender, disease laterality, treatment modality, duration since diagnosis, and visual outcomes, on HRQoL. Methods: Ninety-two RB survivors were enrolled in this observational, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted at a tertiary care center...

In recent years, mental practice (MP) using laterally inverted video of a subject's non-paralyzed upper limb to improve the vividness of presented motor imagery (MI) has been shown to be effective for improving the function of a paralyzed upper limb. However, no studies have yet assessed the activity of cortical regions engaged during MI task performance using inverse video presentations and neurophysiological indicators. This study sought to investigate changes in MI vividness and hemodynamic changes in the cerebral cortex during MI performance under the following three conditions in near-infrared spectroscopy: MI-only without inverse video presentation (MI-only), MI with action observation (AO) of an inverse video presentation of another person's hand (AO + MI (other hand)), and MI with AO of an inverse video presentation of a participant's own hand (AO + MI (own hand))...

Hip microinstability, characterized by supraphysiologic movement of the femoroacetabular joint, has recently been recognized as a clinically relevant pathology. The potentially detrimental effects of its presence on joint health make identifying microinstability important; however, due to its multifaceted nature, screening for microinstability presents challenges. Musculoskeletal ultrasound offers an opportunity to visualize the arthrokinematics of the femoroacetabular joint on dynamic evaluation. Dancers may be particularly afflicted by microinstability due to the unique demands of their discipline...

PURPOSE: To investigate the contributions of ocular crystalline lens transmittance spectra and pupil size on age-related differences in the magnitude of light-induced melatonin suppression at night. The first aim was to demonstrate that spectral lens transmittance in children can be measured in vivo with a Purkinje image-based system. The second aim was to test the hypothesis that the magnitude of melatonin suppression in children is enhanced by larger pupils and higher lens transmittance of short wavelengths...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sport participation, concussion history, and age of first exposure to football on preseason cerebrovascular function in adolescent athletes. Athletes (n = 53, age = 15.8 ± 1.2 years) were examined based on three exposure groupings: (1) sport participation (football vs. non-collision), (2) concussion history (none vs. ≥ 1), and (3) age of first exposure (football participants only). Transcranial Doppler assessed cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and neurovascular coupling (NVC), and separate independent samples t-tests evaluated group differences in CVR and NVC outcomes...