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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalie Vallant, Nienke Wolfhagen, Bynvant Sandhu, Karim Hamaoui, Vassilios Papalois
In transplantation, hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been shown to be superior to static cold storage (SCS) in terms of functional outcomes. Ex vivo machine perfusion offers the possibility to deliver drugs or other active substances, such as Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), directly into an organ without affecting the recipient. MSCs are multipotent, self-renewing cells with tissue-repair capacities, and their application to ameliorate ischemia- reperfusion injury (IRI) is being investigated in several preclinical and clinical studies...
May 5, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Humphrey D Mazigo, Neema Kayange, Emmanuela E Ambrose, Maria M Zinga, Stella Mugassa, Deodatus Ruganuza, Upendo J Mwingira, Cecilia Uisso, Francesca Mutapi
The World Health Organization calls for schistosomiasis endemic countries to regularly monitor the efficacy of Praziquantel (PZQ) drug, the only antischistosomal drug used for four decades in Tanzania. In response to that call, the current study investigated the efficacy of single dose of PZQ against Schistosoma haematobium during the high transmission season and further assessed, the sensitivity and specificity of urine reagent strips before and after treatment. The study recruited a total of 2,498 -children aged (4 -17 years old) who provided a single urine sample that was visually examined for macro-haematuria, then using urine dipstick and urine filtration technique for microhaematuria and the presence of S...
May 8, 2024: Acta Tropica
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kentaro Akiyama, Atsushi Momobayashi, Masato Okano
Doping offenses involve the use or attempted use of any prohibited method or substance as well as substituting samples. Consequently, it has been recommended that short tandem repeat (STR) analysis be used to determine if the doping control samples are from the same athlete. However, it has been recognized that it may be difficult to obtain full STR analysis using negligible amounts of DNA samples. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is characterized by its stability and high cellular copy number. Therefore, mtDNA testing in urine is expected to be used to analyze samples that cannot be analyzed using STR analysis...
May 10, 2024: Drug Testing and Analysis
#44
REVIEW
Xiya Yin, Qingfeng Li, Yan Shu, Hongbing Wang, Biju Thomas, Joshua T Maxwell, Yuanyuan Zhang
The field of regenerative medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements with the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a variety of sources. Among these, urine-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (u-iPSCs) have garnered substantial attention due to their non-invasive and patient-friendly acquisition method. This review manuscript delves into the potential and application of u-iPSCs in advancing precision medicine, particularly in the realms of drug testing, disease modeling, and cell therapy...
May 9, 2024: Journal of Biomedical Science
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yichuan Gan, Guowen Zhang, Hengbiao Sun, Xiaoming Lyu
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the bacterial composition, distribution, drug sensitivity, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who develop bacterial co-infections. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 184 COVID-19 patients admitted between December 2022 and January 2023. Data on gender, age, length of hospital stay, pneumonia classification, underlying diseases, invasive surgery, hormone therapy, inflammation indicators, and other relevant information were collected...
May 7, 2024: Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Browne, Anya Umlauf, David J Moore, Constance A Benson, Florin Vaida
BACKGROUND: A digital health technology's success or failure depends on how it is received by users. OBJECTIVES: We conducted a user experience (UX) evaluation among persons who used the Food and Drug Administration-approved Digital Health Feedback System incorporating ingestible sensors (ISs) to capture medication adherence, after they were prescribed oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection. We performed an association analysis with baseline participant characteristics, to see if "personas" associated with positive or negative UX emerged...
May 3, 2024: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenna Langlois, Nadia Fairbairn, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Bernard Le Foll, Ron Lim, M Eugenia Socías
INTRODUCTION: There has been a significant increase in methamphetamine/amphetamine use in North America, particularly among people who use opioids. Despite its association with several negative health consequences, the population of people who use methamphetamine/amphetamine with opioids is not well characterised. The aim of this study was to investigate correlates of methamphetamine/amphetamine use among adults with prescription-type opioid use disorder (POUD) starting methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone as part of a pragmatic randomised treatment trial in Canada...
May 9, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Review
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phiona E Namale, Linda Boloko, Marcia Vermeulen, Kate A Haigh, Fortuna Bagula, Alexis Maseko, Bianca Sossen, Scott Lee-Jones, Yoliswa Msomi, Helen McIlleron, Ayanda Trevor Mnguni, Thomas Crede, Patryk Szymanski, Jonathan Naude, Sakeena Ebrahim, Yakoob Vallie, Muhammed Shiraz Moosa, Ismail Bandeker, Shakeel Hoosain, Mark P Nicol, Nazlee Samodien, Chad Centner, Wentzel Dowling, Paolo Denti, Freedom Gumedze, Francesca Little, Arifa Parker, Brendon Price, Denzil Schietekat, Bryony Simmons, Andrew Hill, Robert J Wilkinson, Ida Oliphant, Siphokazi Hlungulu, Ivy Apolisi, Monica Toleni, Zimkhitha Asare, Mkanyiseli Kenneth Mpalali, Erica Boshoff, Denise Prinsloo, Francisco Lakay, Abulele Bekiswa, Amanda Jackson, Ashleigh Barnes, Ryan Johnson, Sean Wasserman, Gary Maartens, David Barr, Charlotte Schutz, Graeme Meintjes
BACKGROUND: HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) contributes disproportionately to global tuberculosis mortality. Patients hospitalised at the time of the diagnosis of HIV-associated disseminated TB are typically severely ill and have a high mortality risk despite initiation of tuberculosis treatment. The objective of the study is to assess the safety and efficacy of both intensified TB treatment (high dose rifampicin plus levofloxacin) and immunomodulation with corticosteroids as interventions to reduce early mortality in hospitalised patients with HIV-associated disseminated TB...
May 8, 2024: Trials
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandru-Milentie Hada, Sorina Suarasan, Mara Muntean, Monica Potara, Simion Astilean
BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) represents an early clinical biomarker that indicates the presence of inflammatory or infectious conditions in the human body. Today's procedures approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) imply expensive equipment and highly trained personnel to perform the test. Therefore, a new diagnostic method with high detection efficiency and less cost is urgently needed for delivering rapid and timely results in point-of-care (POC) service. RESULTS: Herein, we propose a new, equipment-free, and portable sensing method for the future POC detection of CRP based on the Tyndall effect (TE)...
June 8, 2024: Analytica Chimica Acta
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamid Sinapour, Joar Guterstam, Susan Grosse, Juan Astorga-Wells, Peter Stambeck, Matilda Stambeck, Jesper Winberg, Sigurd Hermansson, Olof Beck
Aerosol microparticles in exhaled breath carry non-volatile compounds from the deeper parts of the lung. When captured and analyzed, these aerosol microparticles constitute a non-invasive and readily available specimen for drugs of abuse testing. The present study aimed to evaluate a simple breath collection device in a clinical setting. The device divides a breath sample into three parallel "collectors" that can be individually analyzed. Urine was used as the reference specimen, and parallel specimens were collected from 99 patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment...
May 4, 2024: Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
#51
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lene V Halvorsen, Camilla L Søraas, Anne Cecilie K Larstorp, Ulla Hjørnholm, Vibeke N Kjær, Knut Liestøl, Arleen Aune, Eirik Olsen, Karl Marius Brobak, Ola U Bergland, Stine Rognstad, Nikolai R Aarskog, Sondre Heimark, Fadl Elmula M Fadl Elmula, Eva Gerdts, Rune Mo, Marit D Solbu, Mimi S Opdal, Sverre E Kjeldsen, Morten Rostrup, Aud Høieggen
BACKGROUND: Drug concentration in blood or urine is an acknowledged method to detect non-adherence. Observational studies suggest that informing patients about low or absent serum drug levels improves blood pressure (BP). We performed a multicenter randomized clinical trial to test the hypothesis that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could improve drug adherence and BP in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and reduced adherence to antihypertensive drugs. METHODS: Patients were ≥18 years on stable treatment with at least two antihypertensive agents...
May 7, 2024: American Journal of Hypertension
#52
REVIEW
Kristián Slíž, Peter Mikuš
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) that stimulate anabolism, increase muscle mass and strength and promote recovery from exercise. The use of SARMs in sports is considered doping and is strictly prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA). To monitor the abuse of SARMs in sports, it is essential to develop advanced, selective and sensitive analytical methods that provide reliable results...
May 6, 2024: Drug Testing and Analysis
#53
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eirin Bakke, Mariann Nilsen Terland, Dag Helge Strand, Elisabeth Leere Øiestad, Gudrun Høiseth
Illegal amphetamine is usually composed of a racemic mixture of the two enantiomers (S)- and (R)-amphetamine. When amphetamine is used in medical treatment, however, the more potent (S)-amphetamine enantiomer is used. Enantiomer specific analysis of (S)- and (R)-amphetamine is therefore used to separate legal medical use from illegal recreational use. The aim of the present study was to describe our experience with enantiomer specific analysis of amphetamine in urine and oral fluid, as well as blood, and examine whether the distribution of the two enantiomers seems to be the same in the different matrices...
May 4, 2024: Journal of Analytical Toxicology
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Breuer, A M Garzinsky, A Thomas, E Nieschlag, S Kliesch, M Fedoruk, H Geyer, M Thevis
PURPOSE: Inadvertent and/or unknowing exposure to drugs and drug residues has been frequently debated in situations of so-called adverse analytical finding (AAF) in the context of sports drug testing programs. Transfer of drug residues via unprotected intercourse is a conceivable scenario but scientific data and authentic case reports are scarce. Herein, investigations into two AAFs with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonist GW1516 are reported and discussed...
May 5, 2024: Forensic Toxicology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anat Sason, Miriam Adelson, Dahlia Leshno, Shaul Schreiber, Einat Peles
BACKGROUND: Patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) may develop age-related medical problems, but hypertension (HTN) proportion and its occurrence during MMT have not been studied yet. We aimed to evaluate changes in blood pressure (BP) during MMT and characterize current HTN. METHODS: Of all 1098 ever admitted MMT patients, those with ≥2 BP follow-up measures were included (n = 516), of them all current patients (N = 245) tested for HTN (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 were detected twice (one week apart) were considered as affected with HTN...
April 11, 2024: Journal of Hypertension
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bobbi Jo H Yarborough, Scott P Stumbo, Shannon L Janoff, Erin M Keast, Michael C Leo, Sarah J Leitz
INTRODUCTION: Extended-release buprenorphine (XR-Bup) is associated with reduced opioid use and opioid negative urine drug screens. Little is known about its use in outpatient addiction care provided within health systems. METHODS: Individuals prescribed XR-Bup were identified from electronic health records; chart abstraction was conducted. Primary outcome was all-cause emergency department (ED) use. Secondary outcomes included ED use or inpatient stays for mental health or substance use, ED use for any other cause, discontinuation reasons, and drug substitution...
June 2024: Drug Alcohol Depend Rep
#57
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Biagio Santella, Mariarosaria Boccella, Veronica Folliero, Domenico Iervolino, Pasquale Pagliano, Luigi Fortino, Bianca Serio, Emilia Anna Vozzella, Luigi Schiavo, Massimiliano Galdiero, Mario Capunzo, Giovanni Boccia, Gianluigi Franci
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria represent a serious threat to global public health. Recently, due to its increased resistance to carbapenems and β -lactams, Klebsiella pneumoniae has become one of the main causes of septicemia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. It is crucial to take immediate action and implement effective measures to prevent further spread of this issue. This study aims to report the prevalence and antibiotic resistance rates of K. pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical specimens from 2015 to 2020 at the University Hospital of Salerno, Italy...
2024: Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology
#58
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Andrew Mujugira, Beyonce Karungi, Jackson Mugisha, Agnes Nakyanzi, Olivia Nampewo, Faith Naddunga, Brenda Kamusiime, Rogers Nsubuga, Kikulwe R Nyanzi, Timothy R Muwonge, Monique A Wyatt, Norma C Ware, Monica Gandhi, Jessica E Haberer
INTRODUCTION: Adherence counselling with point-of-care (POC) drug-level feedback using a novel tenofovir assay may support pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence; however, perceptions of urine testing and its impact on adherence are not well studied. We qualitatively examined how POC tenofovir testing was experienced by transgender women (TGW) in Uganda. METHODS: Within a cluster randomized trial of peer-delivered HIV self-testing, self-sampling for sexually transmitted infections and PrEP among HIV-negative TGW showing overall low PrEP prevention-effective adherence (NCT04328025), we conducted a nested qualitative sub-study of the urine POC assay among a random sample of 30 TGW (August 2021-February 2022)...
May 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
#59
Elena R Beauregard, Elizabeth G Maguire
INTRODUCTION: Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that is FDA approved to treat alcohol dependence and opioid dependence. It is available as an oral tablet and an extended-release injectable suspension. Naltrexone is metabolized to the primary metabolite, 6-β-naltrexol, and to 2 minor metabolites, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-β-naltrexol and 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-naltrexone. One of the lesser-known metabolites of naltrexone is noroxymorphone. METHODS: A 27-year-old man taking oral naltrexone seen in the outpatient setting for alcohol use disorder and cannabis use disorder was found to have multiple positive urine drug screens (UDSs) for oxycodone...
April 2024: Mental Health Clinician
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandra N Bulens, Davina Campbell, Susannah L McKay, Nicholas Vlachos, Alex Burgin, Mark Burroughs, Jasmine Padila, Julian E Grass, Jesse T Jacob, Gillian Smith, Daniel B Muleta, Meghan Maloney, Bobbie Macierowski, Lucy E Wilson, Elisabeth Vaeth, Ruth Lynfield, Sean O'Malley, Paula M Snippes Vagnone, Jennifer Dale, Sarah J Janelle, Christopher A Czaja, Helen Johnson, Erin C Phipps, Kristina G Flores, Ghinwa Dumyati, Rebecca Tsay, Zintars G Beldavs, P Maureen Cassidy, Amanda Hall, Maroya S Walters, Alice Y Guh, Shelley S Magill, Joseph D Lutgring
BACKGROUND: Understanding the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii complex (CRAB) and the patients impacted is an important step towards informing better infection prevention and control practices and improving public health response. METHODS: Active, population-based surveillance was conducted for CRAB in 9 U.S. sites from January 1-December 31, 2019. Medical records were reviewed, isolates were collected and characterized including antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing...
April 29, 2024: American Journal of Infection Control
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