diagnosis of carcinoma

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Breast tuberculosis is a rare clinical condition that has the potential to imitate breast cancer or pyogenic abscess. It is crucial to consider this in patients who have resistant breast abscesses or persistent sinuses, particularly in high-risk groups or locations. The main treatment for breast tuberculosis is antitubercular treatment. ABSTRACT: Bilateral breast tuberculosis is a rare form of the disease that affects breasts. It is most commonly seen in young females, including nulliparous and lactating women...

INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis (LC) stand as the primary causes of global mortality. Given their profound impact, the development of highly sensitive and specific circulating diagnostic markers becomes imperative to effectively identify and differentiate between cirrhosis and HCC. Accurate diagnosis is paramount in guiding appropriate therapeutic interventions. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in discerning between HCC and LC...

Chronic idiopathic ulcers of the colon pose diagnostic challenges due to their elusive etiology and potential resemblance to other intestinal pathologies, such as cecal carcinoma. This case report outlines the clinical course of a 68-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department (ED) with persistent right lower quadrant pain. Despite multiple hospital visits yielding varied diagnoses, a definitive diagnosis was only made following a laparoscopic partial colectomy, which revealed chronic idiopathic ulcers with transmural scarring and adhesions to adjacent small intestine loops...

Yasser Fouad The profile of liver diseases in Egypt is changing dramatically and viral hepatitis is declining, while the fatty liver disease is increasing dramatically. However, the impact of these changes on the profile of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. Therefore, we determined the temporal trends in the etiologies of HCC in Egypt over a decade. We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive patients who were diagnosed with HCC over 10 years (2010-2020) in a large center in Upper Egypt...

INTRODUCTION: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is one of the malignant tumors with the worst prognosis in head and neck cancers. The transformation from normal tissue through low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia to cancerous tissue in HSCC is typically viewed as a progressive pathological sequence typical of tumorigenesis. Nonetheless, the alterations in diverse cell clusters within the tissue microenvironment (TME) throughout tumorigenesis and their impact on the development of HSCC are yet to be fully understood...

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stands as the most prevalent form of urogenital cancer. However, there is currently no universally accepted method for predicting the prognosis of RCC. MiRNA holds great potential as a prognostic biomarker for RCC. METHODS: A total of 100 cases with complete paraffin specimens and over 5-year follow-up data meeting the requirements were collected. Utilizing the clinical information and follow-up data of the specimens, an information model was developed...

BACKGROUND: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a formidably aggressive malignancy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in cancer. NGFR is a novel circRNA implicated in various types of cancers. The primary goal of this study was to elucidate the role of NGFR in GBC. METHODS: NGFR variants exhibiting discernible discrepancies were identified using RNA sequencing and validated using real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was assessed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays...

PURPOSE: The integrator subunit (INTS) family, a group exclusive to metazoans, participates in various biologic processes. However, their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unexplored. METHODS: Public databases were utilized to investigate the transcriptional and protein expression, and clinical relevance of the INTS family in HCC. Meanwhile, the effects of INTS13 knockdown and overexpression on cell proliferation and apoptosis were studied using HCC cell lines...

BACKGROUND: Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC) is a rare, low-grade malignant tumor. The primary TACC usually metastasizes to the lung and bone, rarely involving the thyroid. Although some previous reports have described the imaging features of TACC with thyroid invasion, the multimodal ultrasound findings of TACC with thyroid invasion and mimicking thyroid tumors have not been reported before. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 69-year-old woman who had been experiencing hoarseness for 2 years and a thyroid nodule for 2 months was presented to our clinic...

BACKGROUND: Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Esophagus (MECE) is a relatively rare tumor type, with most of the current data derived from case reports or small sample studies. This retrospective study reports on the 10-year survival data and detailed clinicopathological characteristics of 48 patients with esophageal MEC. METHODS: Data were collected from 48 patients who underwent curative surgery for esophageal MEC at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2020...

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer diagnosis, staging and treatment may be enhanced by multidisciplinary participation and presentation in multidisciplinary meetings (MDM). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore literature evidence of clinical impacts of MDM exposure. METHODS: A study protocol was registered (PROSPERO identifier CRD42021258069). Randomised controlled trials and observational cohort studies including adults with nonsmall cell lung cancer and who underwent MDM review, compared to no MDM, were included...

Salivary gland tumors (SGT) display morphological diversity and pose diagnostic challenges. Preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a minimally invasive and efficient diagnostic test. However, due to the limited sample size, the final diagnosis may not be established based on FNAC alone. Although cytomorphology and architecture are usually preserved on FNAC, morphologic changes specific to FNAC can complicate the diagnosis. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology categorizes complex FNAC interpretations...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of endometrial carcinoma following a diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia/endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia by endometrial biopsy, stratified based on integrated histological parameters. METHODS: All women with atypical hyperplasia/endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing hysterectomy within 1 year of diagnosis without progestin treatment were included. Patients were subdivided into three study groups, based on two criteria: (a) grade of nuclear atypia and (b) foci (<2 mm) of confluent glands with no intervening stroma: low-grade, high-grade, and confluent glands...

AIM: This study aimed to demonstrate the role of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) developing on background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). METHODS: The presence of EBV in tumoral tissue, lymphocytes, and peritumoral normal thyroid tissue was investigated by the in situ hybridization method in paraffin blocks. The subtype of PTC, tumor diameter, TNM stage, multifocality, invasion of thyroid capsule, perineural invasion, and muscular tissue invasion were identified, and compared according to EBV involvement...

BACKGROUND: Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SGSCC) is characterized by low differentiation, rapid growth, and inconspicuous initial manifestations. Early detection and prompt treatment can significantly improve survival rates. The main focus of treatment is to maintain optimal laryngeal function. METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify independent prognostic factors for T1-T2 SGSCC...

INTRODUCTION: Microphthalmia Transfactor Family (MiTF) translocation renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) represent a rare subtype of renal cell cancers. They are diagnosed in young patients and have a poor prognosis. The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical and pathological features of patients with MiTF RCC. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We performed a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive study including all patients operated for RCC between January 2015 and January 2023...

Dermoscopy of the nail unit (onychoscopy) is a method which allows for non-invasive observation of the nail structures, increasing the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. Currently, it is used in evaluation of both inflammatory and neoplastic conditions of the nail unit. However, in contrast to the skin, the anatomy of the nail unit prevents direct observation of nail bed or nail matrix structure during classic onychoscopy. Intra-operative onychoscopy is a variant of the technique which uses direct visualization of the nail unit structures after nail plate avulsion...

Recognizing the significance of SPECT in nuclear medicine and the pivotal role of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in cancer diagnosis and therapy, this study focuses on the development of 99m Tc-labeled dimeric HF2 with high tumor uptake and image contrast. The dimeric HF2 was synthesized and radiolabeled with 99m Tc in one pot using various coligands (tricine, TPPTS, EDDA, and TPPMS) to yield [99m Tc]Tc-TPPTS-HF2 , [99m Tc]Tc-EDDA-HF2 , and [99m Tc]Tc-TPPMS-HF2 dimers. SPECT imaging results indicated that [99m Tc]Tc-TPPTS-HF2 exhibited higher tumor uptake and tumor-to-normal tissue (T/NT) ratio than [99m Tc]Tc-EDDA-HF2 and [99m Tc]Tc-TPPMS-HF2 ...

BACKGROUND: The characteristics of gastric carcinoma in young individuals differ from older individuals. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the clinicopathological features and risk factors associated with young-onset (<50 years) gastric carcinoma. METHODS: We searched for studies published between January 1, 1990, and September 1, 2023, on patients with young-onset gastric carcinoma in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and MEDLINE to explore clinicopathological characteristics among this specific patient group...

BACKGROUND: Liquid biopsy, including the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), has emerged as a promising tool for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. However, the prognostic value of CTCs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear due to the lack of phenotypic characterization. The expression of Excision Repair Cross-Complementation Group 1 (ERCC1) and CTCs epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have been associated with treatment efficacy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of ERCC1 expression on CTCs and their EMT subtypes before treatment in NPC...