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REVIEW
Ying Wang, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Long Ge, Sameer Parpia, Quazi Ibrahim, Deborah Cook, Adam Deane, Francois Lauzier, Naomi Hammond, Morten H Møller, Mette Krag, Anders Perner, Gordon H Guyatt
BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients. However, concerns have arisen about the possible harms of using PPIs, including potentially increased risk of pneumonia, Clostridioides difficile infection, and more seriously, an increased risk of death in the most severely ill patients. Triggered by the REVISE trial, which is a forthcoming large randomized trial comparing pantoprazole to placebo in invasively mechanically ventilated patients, we will conduct this systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PPIs versus no prophylaxis for critically ill patients...
April 5, 2024: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
#22
REVIEW
Randy Felber, William New, Suzanne I Riskin
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, uses the surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor as the site of entry into host cardiac, respiratory, intestinal, renal, and nervous system cells. Predisposing risk factors such as cardiovascular disease increase the risk of developing severe disease. Hypertension is characterized by the stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs), medications used to treat hypertension, inhibit RAAS and its downstream effects; however, they have also been shown to upregulate ACE2 receptors...
March 2024: Curēus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
O Jiménez-Zarazúa, L N Vélez-Ramírez, J D Mondragón
INTRODUCTION: Patients with septic shock face an elevated risk of mortality compared to those with sepsis. Several biomarkers, including lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, and lactate/albumin (L/A), have been associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to assess the relationship between sepsis, septic shock, and mortality, as well as the need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients. Demographic, sepsis severity factors, and biomarkers are examined. METHODS: A retrospective case series from June 2020 to March 2021 included 490 patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock secondary to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia...
April 15, 2024: Heliyon
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maaha Ayub, Mustafa Bin Ali Zubairi, Najia Ghanchi, Safia Awan, Kauser Jabeen, Ali Zubairi
In this study, we compared the predisposing factors, key demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical outcomes, and factors associated with poor prognosis in pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) infection among the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and non-HIV patient populations. This retrospective analysis was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, via the collection and analysis of patient records with a diagnosis of "pneumocystosis" between January 2015 and October 2020. Additionally, the laboratory database was evaluated, and patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of PCP were included...
April 3, 2024: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chee Fui Chong, Muhd Syafiq Abdullah, Pui Lin Chong, Rosmonaliza Asli, Babu Ivan Mani, Natalie Raimiza Momin, Justin Wong, Noor Affizan Rahman, Jackson Tan, Vui Heng Chong
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccinations have been shown to prevent infection with efficacies ranging from 50% to 95%. This study assesses the impact of vaccination on the clinical severity of COVID-19 during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam in 2021, which was due to the Delta variant. METHODS: Patients included in this study were randomly selected from those who were admitted with COVID-19 to the National Isolation Centre between 7 August and 6 October 2021...
2024: Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal: WPSAR
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sasidaran Kandasamy, Ramachandran Rameshkumar, Thangavelu Sangaralingam, Nedunchelian Krishnamoorthy, N C Gowri Shankar, Vimalraj Vijayakumar, Balaji Sridharan
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of early high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and low-flow oxygen support (LFOS) in children under 5 years with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) due to severe community-acquired pneumonia in low-middle-income countries. METHODS: An open-label randomized clinical trial enrolled children aged 2-59 months with AHRF due to severe community-acquired pneumonia and randomized into HFNC and LFOS. In the LFOS group, the patient received cold wall oxygen humidified by bubbling through sterile water administered through simple nasal prongs at a fixed flow rate of 2 L/min...
2024: Intensive Care Med Paediatr Neonatal
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dyssynchronous diaphragm contractions impair diaphragm function in mechanically ventilated patients.
Benjamin Coiffard, Jose Dianti, Irene Telias, Laurent J Brochard, Arthur S Slutsky, Jennifer Beck, Christer Sinderby, Niall D Ferguson, Ewan C Goligher
BACKGROUND: Pre-clinical studies suggest that dyssynchronous diaphragm contractions during mechanical ventilation may cause acute diaphragm dysfunction. We aimed to describe the variability in diaphragm contractile loading conditions during mechanical ventilation and to establish whether dyssynchronous diaphragm contractions are associated with the development of impaired diaphragm dysfunction. METHODS: In patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for pneumonia, septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or acute brain injury, airway flow and pressure and diaphragm electrical activity (Edi) were recorded hourly around the clock for up to 7 days...
April 2, 2024: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allie Eickholtz, Jeremy Mormol, Jesse Kelley, Madi Mangione, Steffen Pounders, Ryan Groseclose, Matthew Lypka, Charles Gibson, Alistair Chapman, Cathryn Chadwick, Laura Krech
This study aims to compare outcomes of rib fracture patients with and without COVID-19 in Michigan. Data from the Michigan Trauma Quality Improvement Program (MTQIP) identified adults hospitalized from January 1, 2020, to October 31, 2022, with at least one rib fracture and a completed COVID-19 test on admission. Patients were propensity score matched 1:1 using 20 variables. The primary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes were mortality, ventilator days, intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, pneumonia, and ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP)...
April 2, 2024: American Surgeon
#29
Mara Tomasello, Davide Mangioni, Mauro Panigada, Caterina Matinato, Alessandra Bandera
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2, 2024: Intensive Care Medicine
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tala M AlAshgar, Norah H AlDawsari, Nasreen Y AlSanea, Noura A AlSalamah, Nada S AlSugair, Husam I Ardah, Mohamed S Kabbani
Background DiGeorge syndrome, a common genetic microdeletion syndrome, is associated with multiple congenital anomalies, including congenital cardiac diseases. This study aims to identify the short and midterm outcomes of cardiac surgery performed on children with DiGeorge syndrome. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted between the period of 2018-2022, which included children divided into two groups with a 1:2 ratio. Group one included DiGeorge syndrome patients who were diagnosed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)...
February 2024: Curēus
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vesna Vucelić, Vesna Bratić, Dubravka Negovetić Vranić, Arjana Tambić Andrašević, Vesna Degoricija, Zlatan Mihaljević, Snježana Ramić, Ivana Piteša Košutić, Luka Šimunović, Bruno Špiljak, Vlaho Brailo
OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of medical staff in intensive care units (ICUs) regarding oral hygiene care for critically ill, bedridden patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included 65 employees from the Intensive Care Units of the Sestre Milosrdnice Clinical Hospital Centre (CHC SM) and the Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at the University Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb (CHC ZG). A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, methods, frequency, and attitudes towards oral care for mechanically ventilated patients...
March 2024: Acta Stomatologica Croatica
#32
Michelle Le, Lauren Khoury, Yang Lu, Connor Prosty, Maxime Cormier, Mathew P Cheng, Robert Fowler, Srinivas Murthy, Jennifer L Y Tsang, Moshe Ben-Shoshan, Elham Rahme, Shirin Golchi, Nandini Dendukuri, Todd C Lee, Elena Netchiporouk
BACKGROUND: Omalizumab is an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody used to treat moderate to severe chronic idiopathic urticaria, asthma, and nasal polyps. Recent research suggested that omalizumab may enhance the innate antiviral response and have anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in adults hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. METHODS: This was a phase II randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing omalizumab with placebo (in addition to standard of care) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19...
April 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chuanlin Zhang, Xueqin Wang, Jie Mi, Zeju Zhang, Xinyi Luo, Ruiying Gan, Shaoyu Mu
OBJECTIVE: Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness often occurs in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Early active mobility may reduce ICU-acquired weakness, improve functional status, and reduce disability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether high-intensity early mobility improves post-ICU discharge functional status of IMV patients. METHODS: 132 adult patients in the ICU who were undergoing IMV were randomly assigned into two groups with a ratio of 1 : 1, with one group received high-intensity early mobility (intervention group, IG), while the other group received conventional treatment (control group, CG)...
2024: Critical Care Research and Practice
#34
Francisco R Klein, Julia Klein, Diego Otalora Lozano, Carlos Vigliano
We present the case of a lung transplant candidate under veno-venous membrane oxygenation assistance (VV ECMO) whose diagnosis of emphysema of undetermined etiology was redefined as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) due to a scalp skin biopsy performed years after the beginning of his respiratory symptoms. A 20-year-old patient started three years before his admission with progressive dyspnea leading to a diagnosis of bullous emphysema of undetermined cause, which evolved into respiratory failure and evaluation for bilateral lung transplant...
February 2024: Curēus
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberly Paige Rathbun, Annette M Bourgault, Mary Lou Sole
INTRODUCTION: Non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia is a preventable health care-associated infection accounting for 1 in 14 hospital deaths. Clinical factors influencing this condition include oral health and bacteria and oral care. This case report addresses diagnostics and clinical variables related to non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia and emphasizes the importance of prevention. CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 90-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath and generalized weakness from new-onset atrial fibrillation and suspected heart failure exacerbation...
April 1, 2024: Critical Care Nurse
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoki Kuribara, Takeshi Unoki, Sachika Yamakita, Naoya Hashimoto, Yasuyo Yoshino, Hideaki Sakuramoto, Gen Aikawa, Saiko Okamoto
Oral care for critically ill patients helps provide comfort and prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, a standardized protocol for oral care in intensive care units is currently unavailable. Thus, this study aimed to determine the overall oral care practices, including those for intubated patients, in Japanese intensive care units. We also discuss the differences in oral care methods between Japanese ICUs and ICUs in other countries. This study included all Japanese intensive care units meeting the authorities' standard set criteria, with a minimum of 0...
2024: PloS One
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Risako Takaya, Nobuyoshi Mori, Eiko Saito, Sachiko Ohde
BACKGROUND: Resistant bacterial infections, particularly those caused by gram-negative pathogens, are associated with high mortality and economic burdens. Ceftolozane/tazobactam demonstrated efficacy comparable to meropenem in patients with ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia in the ASPECT-NP study. One cost-effectiveness analysis in the United States revealed that ceftolozane/tazobactam was cost effective, but no Japanese studies have been conducted. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of ceftolozane/tazobactam compared to meropenem for patients with ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia from a health care payer perspective...
March 28, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jolan Malherbe, Pierre Godard, Jean-Claude Lacherade, Valentin Coirier, Laurent Argaud, Hervé Hyvernat, Francis Schneider, Julien Charpentier, Florent Wallet, Juliette Pocquet, Gaëtan Plantefeve, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Pierre Bay, Agathe Delbove, Hugues Georges, Tomas Urbina, David Schnell, Charlène Le Moal, Matthieu Stanowski, Corentin Muris, Maud Jonas, Bertrand Sauneuf, Olivier Lesieur, Amaury Lhermitte, Laure Calvet, Ines Gueguen, Damien du Cheyron
BACKGROUND: Due to aging population and increasing part of immunocompromised patients, a raise in life-threatening organ damage related to VZV can be expected. Two retrospective studies were already conducted on VZV in ICU but focused on specific organ injury. Patients with high-risk of VZV disease still must be identified. The objective of this study was to report the clinical features and outcome of all life-threatening VZV manifestations requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission...
March 29, 2024: Annals of Intensive Care
#39
REVIEW
Liangjuan Yuan, Arshad Mehmood, Lei Meng
INTRODUCTION: The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide since November 2019 is of interest to understand its impact on various organs. COVID-19 patients experience a higher incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared with non-COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted that covered the period from November 1, 2019 to February 28, 2021. RESULTS: The analysis incorporated a comprehensive review of 19 studies of 21 362 patients...
March 28, 2024: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzana Margareth Lobo, Gaétan Plantefève, Girish Nair, Adilson Joaquim Cavalcante, Nara Franzin de Moraes, Estevao Nunes, Otis Barnum, Claudio Marcel Berdun Stadnik, Maria Patelli Lima, Muriel Lins, Ludhmila Abrahao Hajjar, Christopher Lipinski, Shaheen Islam, Fabiano Ramos, Tiago Simon, Jean-Benoît Martinot, Thomas Guimard, Arnaud Desclaux, Bertrand Lioger, Fernando Carvalho Neuenschwander, Bruno DeSouza Paolino, Alpesh Amin, Samuel Amil Acosta, Daniel Forde Dilling, Edgardo Cartagena, Brian Snyder, Edouard Devaud, Ana Karolina Barreto Berselli Marinho, Suzana Tanni, Patricia Medeiros Milhomem Beato, Stephan De Wit, Vani Selvan, Jeffrey Gray, Ricardo Fernandez, Valérie Pourcher, Lee Maddox, Richard Kay, Anait Azbekyan, Mounia Chabane, Cendrine Tourette, Luis Everton Esmeraldino, Pierre J Dilda, René Lafont, Jean Mariani, Serge Camelo, Sandrine Rabut, Samuel Agus, Stanislas Veillet, Waly Dioh, Rob van Maanen, Capucine Morelot-Panzini
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 is potentially associated with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19. The aim of the study was to test whether Mas-receptor activation by 20-hydroxyecdysone (BIO101) could restore the Renin-Angiotensin System equilibrium and limit the frequency of respiratory failure and mortality in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19. METHODS: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial. Randomization: 1:1 oral BIO101 (350 mg BID) or placebo, up to 28 days or until an endpoint was reached...
February 2024: EClinicalMedicine
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