Monsanto

Endometriosis is an estrogen dependent, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of endometrial lining outside of the uterus. Mast cells have emerged as key players in regulating not only allergic responses but also other mechanisms such as angiogenesis, fibrosis, and pain. The influence of estrogen on mast cell function has also been recognized as a potential factor driving disease pathophysiology in number of allergic and chronic inflammatory conditions. However, precise information is lacking on the cross talk between endocrine and immune factors within the endometriotic lesions and whether that contributes to the involvement of mast cells with disease pathophysiology...

AIMS: Declining cellular functional capacity resulting from stress or aging is a primary contributor to impairment of myocardial performance. Molecular pathway regulation of biological processes in cardiac interstitial cells (CICs) is pivotal in stress and aging responses. Altered localization of the RNA binding protein Lin28A has been reported in response to environmental stress, but the role of Lin28A in response to stress in CICs has not been explored. Surface Lin28A redistribution is indicative of stress response in CIC associated with aging and senescence...

Introduction: To optimize treatment, it is of utmost importance to take into account the myriad of biological, social, and psychological changes that young people go through during adolescence which make them more vulnerable for developing mental health problems. Biocueing, a non-invasive method to transform physiological parameters into an observable signal, could strengthen stress- and emotion regulation by cueing physiologically unusual values in daily life. The aim of this study is to investigate the usability, feasibility, and exploratory effect of biocueing in addition to ENgage YOung people earlY (ENYOY), a moderated digital social therapy-platform, in young people with emerging mental health complaints...

BACKGROUND: Rods and cones are photoreceptor neurons in the retina that are required for visual sensation in vertebrates, wherein the perception of vision is initiated when these neurons respond to photons in the light stimuli. The photoreceptor cell is structurally studied as outer segments (OS) and inner segments (IS) where proper protein sorting, localization, and compartmentalization are critical for phototransduction, visual function, and survival. In human retinal diseases, improper protein transport to the OS or mislocalization of proteins to the IS and other cellular compartments could lead to impaired visual responses and photoreceptor cell degeneration that ultimately cause loss of visual function...

The adoption of Arabidopsis thaliana in the 1980s as a universal plant model finally enabled researchers to adopt and take full advantage of the molecular biology tools and methods developed in the bacterial and animal fields since the early 1970s. It further brought the plant sciences up to speed with other research fields, which had been employing widely accepted model organisms for decades. In parallel with this major development, the concurrent establishment of the plant transformation methodology and the description of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter enabled scientists to create robust transgenic plant lines for the first time, thereby providing a valuable tool for studying gene function...

The oxidative addition of methyl iodide to [Rh(β-diketonato)(CO)(PPh)3 ] complexes, as modal catalysts of the first step during the Monsanto process, are well-studied. The β-diketonato ligand is a bidentate (BID) ligand that bonds, through two O donor atoms (O,O-BID ligand), to rhodium. Imino-β-diketones are similar to β-diketones, though the donor atoms are N and O, referred to as an N,O-BID ligand. In this study, the oxidative addition of methyl iodide to [Rh(imino-β-diketonato)(CO)(PPh)3 ] complexes, as observed on UV-Vis spectrophotometry, IR spectrophotometry and NMR spectrometry, are presented...

The usage of carbon monoxide (CO) as a C1 feedstock for carbonylation has been an important subject of numerous studies for over a century. The chemistry in this field has evolved significantly, and several processes (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch, Monsanto, and Cativa process) have even been industrialized to serve humankind in our daily lives. CO is also a crucial ligand (carbonyl) in organometallic chemistry, and transition-metal carbonyl complexes have been widely used as homogeneous catalysts in various chemical transformations...

Ex vivo expansion of cells is necessary in regenerative medicine to generate large populations for therapeutic use. Adaptation to culture conditions prompt an increase in transcriptome diversity and decreased population heterogeneity in cKit+ cardiac interstitial cells (cCICs). The "transcriptional memory" influenced by cellular origin remained unexplored and is likely to differ between neonatal versus senescent input cells undergoing culture expansion. Transcriptional profiles derived from single cell RNASEQ platforms characterized human cCIC derived from neonatal and adult source tissue...

This study is an exploration of collective patterns of conscious experience, as described by various psychological models, using a self-report questionnaire: The Consciousness Quotient Inventory (CQ-i). The CQ-i evaluates patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and attentional styles as well as the usage of conscious skills, awareness, and the capacity to "feel awake and alive," providing a complex exploration of conscious experience. A set of 237 items covering major aspects of the subjective conscious experience was selected to detect the phenomenal patterns of subjective conscious experience...

Introduction  Although the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has been discussed in the literature, many unclear points remain. Several authors have hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of noise-related hearing loss, as well as in drug- and aging-related hearing loss. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to the pathogenesis of SSNHL in a similar way as in cases of ototoxicity, noise-induced hearing loss and presbyacusis. Objective  The aim of the present study was to find potential peripheral biomarkers to show the levels of oxidative stress in samples of peripheral blood collected from SSNHL patients with and withouth metabolic disease...

HYPOTHESIS/BACKGROUND: We hypothesize that following head trauma there is a difference in temporal bone (TB) pathology in cases with and without skull fracture. Although conductive, sensorineural, mixed hearing loss, and TB pathology following head trauma have been reported, to our knowledge, there are no studies that have compared the pathology of the TB in cases with and without skull fracture. METHODS: We analyzed 34 TBs from donors who had a history of head trauma (20 with skull fracture and 14 without fracture), and 25 age-matched controls without clinical or histological evidence of otologic disorders...

The transgenic glyphosate-tolerant soybean MON87712 event was developed by the agrochemical and agricultural biotechnology company Monsanto (USA) and commercialized in 2013. Due to the absence of matrix-based and genomic DNA-positive reference material for MON87712, it is very difficult to detect and monitor this event. In this study, we developed a recombinant 760-bp linearized plasmid, including 150 bp of the soybean endogenous lectin gene and 610 bp of the exogenous BBX32 gene plus its 3' flanking sequence of MON87712 by In-Fusion cloning technology...

This manuscript examines how the Precautionary Principle has been applied to provide a mechanism for protection of the environment and health in response to the introduction of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in Europe. It discusses how the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) handled national requests across four cases in which Member States had failed in their attempt to trigger the Precautionary Principle in order to uphold a ban or suspension of the cultivation or sale of GMOs in their territory...

PURPOSE: To investigate the subjective experience of adult cancer patients undergoing external radiotherapy and provide evidence for better practices in radiotherapy services. METHODS: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA Statement Guidelines. Qualitative and mixed studies were identified through five electronic databases (CINAHL, PsychINFO, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science), between March and April 2020, using defined criteria. Methodological quality assessment was conducted, and the data integrated into a thematic synthesis...

OBJECTIVES: Using a taxonomy previously developed, we assessed the strengths and limitations of available value assessment frameworks (VAF) in Latin America. METHODS: Systematic review of peer-reviewed journals, gray literature review, and surveys to ISPOR Latin America Industry Committee members were done to identify and select current VAF. Once selected, independent reviewers, organized by pairs, assessed each framework's input, methodology, and outputs. RESULTS: We assessed 7 of 9 VAF in the region, excluding 2 that were not currently in use...

OBJECTIVE: To perform an otopathologic analysis of temporal bones (TBs) with CHARGE syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: Otopathologic study of human TB specimens. SETTING: Otopathology laboratories. METHODS: From the otopathology laboratories at the University of Minnesota and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, we selected TBs from donors with CHARGE syndrome. These TBs were serially sectioned at a thickness of 20 µm, and every 10th section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin...

During austral winter, the southern and eastern coastlines of South Africa witness one of the largest animal migrations on the planet, the KwaZulu-Natal sardine run. Hundreds of millions of temperate sardines, Sardinops sagax , form large shoals that migrate north-east towards the subtropical Indian Ocean. Recent studies have highlighted the role that genetic and environmental factors play in sardine run formation. In the present study, we used massively parallel sequencing to assemble and annotate the first reference transcriptome from the liver cells of South African sardines, and to investigate the functional content and transcriptomic diversity...

Electronic and free energy data of density functional theory calculated optimized geometries of the reactants, transition state of the oxidative addition reaction and different reaction products of the [Rh(RCOCHCOCF3 )(CO)(PPh3 )] + CH3 I reactions (R = C4 H3 S, C4 H3 S-C4 H2 S and C4 H3 S-C4 H2 S-C4 H2 S) are presented to illustrate the influence of the amount of thiophene groups, the implicit solvent and dispersion correction on the calculated energies. All calculations were done with the B3LYP functional, in gas as well as in solvent phase, with and without dispersion correction...

Environmental gradients between marine biogeographical provinces separate distinct faunal communities. However, the absence of absolute dispersal barriers allows numerous species to occur on both sides of such boundaries. While the regional populations of such widespread species are often morphologically indistinguishable from each other, genetic evidence suggests that they represent unique ecotypes, and likely even cryptic species, that may be uniquely adapted to their local environment. Here, we explored genomic divergence in four sympatric southern African decapod crustaceans whose ranges span the boundary between the cool-temperate west coast (south-eastern Atlantic) and the warm-temperate south coast (south-western Indian Ocean) near the southern tip of the African continent...

Bt cotton expressing Cry1Ac is being cultivated in Pakistan. It has been observed that pink bollworm may have developed resistance against single Bt gene (Cry1Ac). For durable resistance, insect resistant NIBGE-1601 cotton harboring double gene Cry1Ac-Cry2Ab construct was developed. There was a need to characterize NIBGE-1601 event for intellectual property rights protection. The Presence of NIBGE Cry1Ac and NIBGE Cry2Ab genes was checked in NIBGE-1601 cotton plants through PCR, while there was no amplification using primers specific for Monsanto events (MON531, MON15985, MON1445)...