Pediatric

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare, sudden, and catastrophic complication of pregnancy that can result in cardiopulmonary arrest, potentially leading to death. The pathophysiology of an AFE includes an inflammatory and coagulopathic response due to fetal materials entering maternal circulation with the hallmark triad of symptoms: acute respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse, and coagulopathy. Management of AFE should include high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, immediate delivery of the fetus if applicable, early intubation to provide adequate oxygenation and ventilation, fluid volume resuscitation, and ongoing evaluation of coagulopathy...

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OBJECTIVE: We explored Jordanian caregivers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards asthma in their children. METHODS: This cross-sectional investigation was conducted on caregivers visiting the pediatrics clinic at the Jordan University Hospital and King Abdullah University Hospital between December 2021 to January 2023. KAP were measured using a literature-validated questionnaire. Differences in KAP scores across participants' characteristics were examined using student-t test and ANOVA...

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Resistive index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) are important Color doppler ultrasonography (CDU) parameters indicating the microcirculation and flow velocity in tissues. We aim to determine the changes in vascular flow characteristics in clubfoot after Ponseti treatment. There were three groups: the clubfoot group, the healthy group (the unaffected feet with unilateral deformities) and the control group. The Pirani severity scoring and CDU examinations of the foot were performed at initial admission and the 6th-month follow-up after Ponseti treatment...

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of surgical intervention involving acute medial hemi-plateau elevation and metaphyseal osteotomy with internal fixation and growth modulation for late-stages Blount's disease. A retrospective analysis was conducted on consecutive patients with late-stages infantile tibia vara between 2014 and 2020. Inclusion criteria consisted of children aged 8 years and older with Blount's disease with Langenskiold stage IV, V or VI, tibia vara more than 30*, medial plateau depression angle (MPDA) exceeding 25* and knee instability with a minimum follow-up period of 3 years...

The clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of children with septic arthritis of the hip in our hospital were analyzed to identify the risk factors for a poor prognosis. The clinical data of 76 children with septic arthritis of the hip who were treated at our hospital from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the most recent follow-up data, the patients were classified as good prognosis or poor prognosis. The differences between the two groups were analyzed. From January 2010 to December 2020, a total of 76 children with septic arthritis of the hip were admitted to our hospital, comprising 52 (68...

PURPOSE: Management of children following a drowning incident is based on specific interventions which are used in the prehospital environment, the emergency department (ED) and the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This paper presents a review of the literature to map and describe the management and interventions used by healthcare professionals when managing a child following a drowning incident. Of specific interest was to map, synthesise and describe the management and interventions according to the different clinical domains or practice areas of healthcare professionals...

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OBJECTIVES: Previous research has shown the positive effects of cochlear implantation in children with a short duration of single sided deafness (SSD). This case series assessed the impact of cochlear implantation in a cohort of children with a longer average duration of SSD. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 6 children who received a cochlear implant for SSD. The mean age at time of cochlear implantation was 14.7 years old (median = 15...

INTRODUCTION: childhood obesity is a worldwide chief health problem. Along with body mass index, body fat percentile values can also be used to predict future cardiovascular and metabolic health risks. OBJECTIVE: the study's aim is to define the percentile values and curves about the fat tissue percentage through which the childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity in the Republic of North Macedonia will be diagnosed. METHODS: the research was conducted on a sample of 15,075 children and adolescents aged six to 14 years (7,627 boys and 7,448 girls)...

OBJECTIVE: To describe breastfeeding rates from early to late infancy and to examine associations between breastfeeding duration and infant growth, including rapid weight gain (RWG, > 0.67 standard deviations increase in weight-for-age z-score), among infants from low-income, racially, and ethnically diverse backgrounds. DESIGN: A short, prospective cohort study was conducted assessing breastfeeding status at infant ages 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months. Infant length and weight measurements were retrieved from electronic health records to calculate weight-for-length z-scores and the rate of weight gain...

BACKGROUND: The academic clinician-educator (CE) often has a career spanning 40 or more years. Retirement represents the last stage of one's professional identity. Planning for retirement can be both exciting and challenging. Although it would seem reasonable that there would be research addressing the transition to retirement that incorporates guidance on important decisions or pathways to retirement with outcomes related to satisfaction, adjustment, or fulfillment in retirement, in fact, there is minimal such research...

OBJECTIVE: Physeal migration during guided growth with tension band plates (TBPs) has been poorly described. The positioning factors associated with this phenomenon and its clinical implications are unknown. Our aim is to determine the influence of implant position on the risk of physeal migration during knee-guided growth with TBP. METHODS: Retrospective study of 491 patients who underwent temporary hemi or epiphysiodesis with TBP around the knee between 2007 and 2019...

Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents commonly appear in primary care, and many clinicians will need to guide families on treatment. Our purpose in this article is to give a brief overview of assessment and treatment principles for clinicians who intend to work in primary care. Anxiety and its expression are heavily influenced by children's developmental progression and capabilities. Anxiety disorders have multiple underlying etiologies including temperament and environmental exposure to stressors and trauma...

PURPOSE: The physical properties of protons lower doses to surrounding normal tissues compared with photons, potentially reducing acute and long-term adverse effects, including subsequent cancers. The magnitude of benefit is uncertain, however, and currently based largely on modeling studies. Despite the paucity of directly comparative data, the number of proton centers and patients are expanding exponentially. Direct studies of the potential risks and benefits are needed in children, who have the highest risk of radiation-related subsequent cancers...

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning methods in detecting dental caries from radiographic images. METHODS: A total of 771 bitewing radiographs were divided into two groups: adult (n = 554) and pediatric (n = 217). Two distinct semantic segmentation models were constructed for each group. They were manually labeled by general dentists for semantic segmentation. The inter-examiner reliability of the two examiners was also measured...

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Kids' Inpatient Database from 2000 to 2014. Subjects were included if they were 18 years and younger and suffered any type of facial fracture. OBJECTIVE: The purpose this study was to determine the risk factors for incurring panfacial fractures among the pediatric population. METHODS: The primary predictor variables were a set of heterogenous variables that included patient characteristics, injury characteristics, hospitalization outcomes...