keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35068119/outpatient-management-of-childhood-acute-diarrhea-survey-among-pediatricians-from-a-children-s-hospital-in-the-autonomous-city-of-buenos-aires
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanesa E Castellano, Norberto D Giglio, Anabella C Pacchiotti, Ángela Gentile
INTRODUCTION: The management of acute diarrhea is based on preventing dehydration and reducing disease duration and severity. , Ángela Gentilea INTRODUCTION The study objective was to establish the patterns for the outpatient management of acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years. METHODS: Observational, analytical study using a self-administered survey among pediatricians from a children's hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.Age, sex, place of work, bibliographic sources, indication of drug and non-drug therapies, and preventive and hygiene measures were recorded...
February 2022: Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34807980/medications-reconciled-at-discharge-versus-admission-among-inpatients-at-a-children-s-hospital
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abby Emdin, Marina Strzelecki, Winnie Seto, James Feinstein, Orly Bogler, Eyal Cohen, Daniel E Roth
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Discharge prescription practices may contribute to medication overuse and polypharmacy. We aimed to estimate changes in the number and types of medications reported at inpatient discharge (versus admission) at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. METHODS: Electronic medication reconciliation data were extracted for inpatient admissions at The Hospital for Sick Children from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017 (n = 22 058). Relative changes in the number of medications and relative risks (RRs) of specific types and subclasses of medications at discharge (versus admission) were estimated overall and stratified by the following: sex, age group, diagnosis of a complex chronic condition, surgery, or ICU (PICU) admission...
December 1, 2021: Hospital Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34758763/the-effect-of-oral-ondansetron-on-qt-interval-in-children-with-acute-gastroenteritis-a-retrospective-observational-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heewon Yang, Woochan Jeon, Yura Ko, Sooin Jeong, Jisook Lee
BACKGROUND: In mildly to moderately dehydrated patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the treatment of choice. Though ondansetron is a very effective antiemetics and leads to succeed ORT, there have been reports QT prolongation in patients using it. We investigated the effect of oral ondansetron on QT interval in mildly to moderately dehydrated children with AGE. METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted in a single pediatric emergency department (ED) of a tertiary university hospital...
November 10, 2021: BMC Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34750329/background-sensitivity-to-chemotherapy-induced-nausea-and-vomiting-and-response-to-antiemetics-in-paediatric-patients-a-genetic-association-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Astrid Eliasen, Jonatan Kornholt, René Mathiasen, Karin Wadt, Ulrik Stoltze, Jesper Brok, Catherine Rechnitzer, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Kim Dalhoff
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a common adverse effect for children with cancer. In children, chemotherapy emetogenicity and patient factors such as susceptibility to motion sickness and age group determine a patient's risk of CINV. Besides known risk factors, genetic factors may play a role in interindividual variation in the occurrence of CINV. We investigated the influence of candidate gene polymorphisms on the efficacy of antiemetics and on the background sensitivity to CINV in children...
November 8, 2021: Pharmacogenetics and Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34596699/-update-on-ponv-what-is-new-in-prophylaxis-and-treatment-of-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting-summary-of-recent-consensus-recommendations-and-cochrane-reviews-on-prophylaxis-and-treatment-of-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting
#25
REVIEW
Peter Kienbaum, Maximilian S Schaefer, Stephanie Weibel, Tobias Schlesinger, Patrick Meybohm, Leopold H Eberhart, Peter Kranke
The prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative pain to enhance patient comfort has been a primary goal of anesthesiologists for the last decades; however, avoiding postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is, from a patient's perspective, a highly relevant and equally important goal of anesthesia. Recent consensus-based guidelines suggest the assessment of risk factors including female gender, postoperative opioid administration, non-smoking status, a history of PONV or motion sickness, young patient age, longer duration of anesthesia, volatile anesthetics and the type of surgery and reducing the patient's baseline risk (e...
February 2022: Der Anaesthesist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34482261/introduction-of-an-enhanced-recovery-pathway-results-in-decreased-length-of-stay-in-patients-with-adolescent-idiopathic-scoliosis-undergoing-posterior-spinal-fusion-a-description-of-implementation-strategies-and-retrospective-before-and-after-study-of-outcomes
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristen E Rao, David Krodel, Erin E Toaz, Jennifer Fanelli, John Hajduk, Kimberly Kato, Karen Rychlik, Erik King, John Sarwark, John Grayhack, Nicholas E Burjek
STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study assessed whether implementation of an enhanced recovery-based pathway decreased length of stay without increasing readmissions among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion. DESIGN: Retrospective observational before-and-after study. SETTING: A tertiary children's hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 117 patients were studied, 78 in the pre-intervention group and 39 in the post-intervention group...
December 2021: Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34362639/the-effect-of-intraoperative-body-temperature-on-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting-in-pediatric-patients
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ismail Sümer, Harun Uysal, Serdar Yeşiltaş, Meltem Türkay
PURPOSE: Pediatric patients are at greater risk for both perioperative hypothermia and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between intraoperative body temperature and PONV in children undergoing anesthesia. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between PONV and intraoperative fentanyl use, age and duration of operation. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study METHODS: The study included 80 children who were undergoing lower abdominal surgery...
December 2021: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing: Official Journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34018223/efficacy-of-ginger-as-antiemetic-in-children-with-acute-gastroenteritis-a-randomised-controlled-trial
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rita Nocerino, Gaetano Cecere, Maria Micillo, Giulio De Marco, Pasqualina Ferri, Mariateresa Russo, Giorgio Bedogni, Roberto Berni Canani
BACKGROUND: Ginger is a spice with a long history of use as a traditional remedy for nausea and vomiting. No data on the efficacy of ginger are presently available for children with vomiting associated with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). AIM: To test whether ginger can reduce vomiting in children with AGE. METHODS: Double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial in outpatients aged 1 to 10 years with AGE-associated vomiting randomised to ginger or placebo...
May 21, 2021: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33863611/incidence-and-factors-associated-with-delirium-in-children-in-a-single-pediatric-intensive-care-unit-in-brazil
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Elizabeth Reinoso Flores, Karina Hidemi Ueno Oura, Patricia Kuerten Rocha, Aline Santa Cruz Belela-Anacleto, Denise M Kusahara
PURPOSE: To identify the incidence of delirium in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU); to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of delirium and the agreement between two scales used for detection of pediatric delirium in critically ill children. DESIGNS AND METHOD: Descriptive longitudinal study carried out in a PICU. The sample consisted of 65 critically ill children admitted to the PICU, with more than 24 h of hospitalization, excluding children with neurological or cognitive impairment, hearing and visual impairment, chronic encephalopathy and declining consent to participate in the study...
April 13, 2021: Journal of Pediatric Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33754455/single-daily-dosing-versus-divided-dosing-intravenous-ondansetron-to-prevent-chemotherapy-induced-nausea-and-vomiting-among-children-a-comparative-randomized-double-blind-controlled-trial
#30
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Jittra Ruktrirong, Chanchai Traivaree, Chalinee Monsereenusorn, Apichat Photia, Nawachai Lertvivatpong, Piya Rujkijyanont
BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common complication in cancer treatment. Ondansetron is an effective antiemetic drug widely used to prevent CINV; however, the effective administrative dosing strategies among pediatrics remain unclear. The study aimed to investigate clinical effectiveness of single daily dosing versus divided dosing ondansetron. METHODS: In all, 194 children undergoing chemotherapy were randomized to receive either single daily dosing (0...
June 2021: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33615798/anaesthesia-for-radiotherapy-in-paediatric-oncology-a-retrospective-observational-study-in-an-asian-population
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lydia W Li, Gail Wy Chua, Koh Wenjun, Choon Looi Bong
BACKGROUND: Immobilisation in radiotherapy treatment is especially important as many paediatric tumours are located near critical organs. Although the external beam radiotherapy treatment process itself is painless, the immobilization devices used may cause anxiety and discomfort in children who are too young to understand and co-operate. Hence, anaesthesia or sedation is unavoidable in such cases. This descriptive study aims to evaluate the demographics, methods and outcomes of paediatric radiotherapy patients in our Asian context...
February 8, 2021: Chinese Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33315113/prescribing-prevalence-of-medications-with-potential-genotype-guided-dosing-in-pediatric-patients
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura B Ramsey, Henry H Ong, Jonathan S Schildcrout, Yaping Shi, Leigh Anne Tang, J Kevin Hicks, Nihal El Rouby, Larisa H Cavallari, Sony Tuteja, Christina L Aquilante, Amber L Beitelshees, Daniel L Lemkin, Kathryn V Blake, Helen Williams, James J Cimino, Brittney H Davis, Nita A Limdi, Philip E Empey, Christopher M Horvat, David P Kao, Gloria P Lipori, Marc B Rosenman, Todd C Skaar, Evgenia Teal, Almut G Winterstein, Aniwaa Owusu Obeng, Daria Salyakina, Apeksha Gupta, Joshua Gruber, Jennifer McCafferty-Fernandez, Jeffrey R Bishop, Zach Rivers, Ashley Benner, Bani Tamraz, Janel Long-Boyle, Josh F Peterson, Sara L Van Driest
Importance: Genotype-guided prescribing in pediatrics could prevent adverse drug reactions and improve therapeutic response. Clinical pharmacogenetic implementation guidelines are available for many medications commonly prescribed to children. Frequencies of medication prescription and actionable genotypes (genotypes where a prescribing change may be indicated) inform the potential value of pharmacogenetic implementation. Objective: To assess potential opportunities for genotype-guided prescribing in pediatric populations among multiple health systems by examining the prevalence of prescriptions for each drug with the highest level of evidence (Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium level A) and estimating the prevalence of potential actionable prescribing decisions...
December 1, 2020: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33224097/cyclic-vomiting-syndrome-in-children
#33
Umberto Raucci, Osvaldo Borrelli, Giovanni Di Nardo, Renato Tambucci, Piero Pavone, Silvia Salvatore, Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Raffaele Falsaperla, Enrico Felici, Michela Ada Noris Ferilli, Salvatore Grosso, Saverio Mallardo, Diego Martinelli, Paolo Quitadamo, Licia Pensabene, Claudio Romano, Salvatore Savasta, Alberto Spalice, Caterina Strisciuglio, Agnese Suppiej, Massimiliano Valeriani, Letizia Zenzeri, Alberto Verrotti, Annamaria Staiano, Maria Pia Villa, Martino Ruggieri, Pasquale Striano, Pasquale Parisi
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) is an underdiagnosed episodic syndrome characterized by frequent hospitalizations, multiple comorbidities, and poor quality of life. It is often misdiagnosed due to the unappreciated pattern of recurrence and lack of confirmatory testing. CVS mainly occurs in pre-school or early school-age, but infants and elderly onset have been also described. The etiopathogenesis is largely unknown, but it is likely to be multifactorial. Recent evidence suggests that aberrant brain-gut pathways, mitochondrial enzymopathies, gastrointestinal motility disorders, calcium channel abnormalities, and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to a triggering environmental stimulus are involved...
2020: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33127240/pediatric-cannabinoid-hyperemesis-a-single-institution-10-year-case-series
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Lonsdale, Kathryn M Kimsey, Jerry M Brown, Aditi Dey, Jacquelin Peck, Sorany Son, Michael Wilsey
PURPOSE: Cannabis hyperemesis (CH) is an under-recognized condition in patients with chronic or cyclic vomiting and who regularly use cannabis. Once thought to be rare, it is now increasingly recognized in both adults and children. We report a case series of adolescent patients with CH who presented at a single institution over 10 years. METHODS: Patients were included if they had a diagnosis code of cannabis-related or cyclic vomiting, experienced the onset of regular vomiting after starting to regularly use cannabis, and if no other diagnosis was found to better explain the presentation...
February 2021: Journal of Adolescent Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33105467/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-headache-in-a-pediatric-emergency-department
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisca M Costa, Inês P Ferreira, Inês F Mascarenhas, Cláudio F Alves, Vanda A Bento, Helena C Loureiro
OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were (1) to analyze the etiology and clinical management of headaches in children in the emergency department and (2) to analyze the treatment used in children diagnosed with headaches and with migraines. METHODS: Retrospective study of all the patients who were admitted to the pediatric emergency department of Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Lisbon, in 2014, with a chief complaint of headaches or the primary discharge diagnosis was headache/migraine...
December 2020: Pediatric Emergency Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32706744/smartphone-app-to-self-monitor-nausea-during-pediatric-chemotherapy-treatment-user-centered-design-process
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Astrid Eliasen, Mikkel Kramme Abildtoft, Niels Steen Krogh, Catherine Rechnitzer, Jesper Sune Brok, René Mathiasen, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Kim Peder Dalhoff
BACKGROUND: Nausea and vomiting are common and distressing side effects for children receiving chemotherapy. Limited evidence is available to guide antiemetic recommendations; therefore, prospective and reliable evaluation of antiemetic efficacy is needed. Smartphone apps can be used to effortlessly and precisely collect patient-reported outcomes in real time. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to develop a smartphone app to monitor nausea and vomiting episodes in pediatric cancer patients aged 0 to 18 years and to test its usability and adherence to its use...
July 20, 2020: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32568452/olanzapine-versus-metoclopramide-for-the-treatment-of-breakthrough-chemotherapy-induced-vomiting-in-children-an-open-label-randomized-phase-3-trial
#37
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Vishwajeeth Pai, Swaminathan Rajaraman, Nikita Mehra, Trivadi Ganesan, Manikandan Dhanushkodi, Jayachandran Perumal Kalaiyarasi, Arun Kumar Rajan, Gangothri Selvarajan, Rama Ranganathan, Parathan Karunakaran, Tenali G Sagar
BACKGROUND: Breakthrough chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) is defined as CIV occurring after adequate antiemetic prophylaxis. Olanzapine and metoclopramide are two drugs recommended for the treatment of breakthrough CIV in children, without adequate evidence. We conducted an open-label, single-center, phase 3 randomized controlled trial comparing the safety and efficacy of olanzapine and metoclopramide for treating breakthrough CIV. PROCEDURE: Children aged 5-18 years who developed breakthrough CIV after receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy were randomly assigned to the metoclopramide or olanzapine arm...
September 2020: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32056007/antiemetic-prophylaxis-with-fosaprepitant-and-granisetron-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-allogeneic-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karin Melanie Cabanillas Stanchi, Julia Vek, Patrick Schlegel, Joachim Vincent Rupprecht, Tim Flaadt, Simone Weber, Sebastian Michaelis, Peter Lang, Rupert Handgretinger, Michaela Döring
BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a severe and distressing complication during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). The antiemetic fosaprepitant has shown favorable results in pediatric and adult patients receiving chemotherapy. Data on fosaprepitant in children and adolescents undergoing alloHSCT are missing. METHODS: In this non-interventional observation study, 120 children and adolescents with a median age of 11...
April 2020: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31974769/guideline-concordant-care-for-prevention-of-acute-chemotherapy-induced-nausea-and-vomiting-in-children-adolescents-and-young-adults
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa Beauchemin, Lillian Sung, Dawn L Hershman, Chunhua Weng, L Lee Dupuis, Rebecca Schnall
PURPOSE: Prescribing guideline-recommended anti-emetics is an effective strategy to prevent CINV. However, the rate of guideline-concordant care is not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to describe the proportion of pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients receiving HEC or MEC who received guideline-concordant antiemetic prophylaxis for acute CINV and to identify potential predictors of guideline-concordant antiemetic prophylaxis. METHODS: Using electronic health record data from 2016 through 2018, a retrospective single-institution cohort study was conducted to investigate how often patients less than 26 years of age receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy receive guideline-concordant prophylaxis for acute CINV...
January 23, 2020: Supportive Care in Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31819673/perioperative-administration-of-emend-%C3%A2-aprepitant-at-a-tertiary-care-children-s-hospital-a-12-month-survey
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anuradha Kanaparthi, Sarah Kukura, Natalie Slenkovich, Faris AlGhamdi, Shabana Z Shafy, Mohammed Hakim, Joseph D Tobias
Introduction: Aprepitant (Emend® ) is a novel antiemetic agent that works through antagonism of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors. To date, there are limited data regarding its use to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children. We retrospectively reviewed our initial 12-months experience with aprepitant after it was made available for perioperative use. Methods: The anesthetic records of patients who received aprepitant were retrospectively reviewed and demographic, surgical, and medication data retrieved...
2019: Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications
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