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Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Maria José Recio, Saber Ghazizadeh Darband, Mojtaba Kaviani, Amin Safa, Ainaz Mihanfar, Shirin Sadighparvar, Ansar Karimian, Forough Alemi, Maryam Majidinia, Bahman Yousefi
Breast cancer is the most common and significant cancers in females regarding the loss of life quality. Similar to other cancers, one of the etiologic factors in breast cancer is DNA damage. A plethora of molecules are responsible for sensing DNA damage and mediating actions which lead to DNA repair, senescence, cell cycle arrest and if damage is unbearable to apoptosis. In each of these, aberrations leading to unrepaired damage was resulted in uncontrolled proliferation and cancer. Another cellular function is autophagy defined as a process eliminating of unnecessary proteins in stress cases involved in pathogenesis of cancer...
December 17, 2020: DNA Repair
#2
Kazem Karami, Nasrin Jamshidian, Mostafa Zakariazadeh, Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni, Elham Abdollahi, Zahra Amirghofran, Azar Shahpiri, Akram Kazemi Nasab
New palladium complexes with general formula trans-[Pd(L)2 (OAc)2 ] (1,2), (L = Benzhydrazide and 2-Furoic hydrazide) have been synthesized and characterized with various methods including elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1 HNMR and mass spectroscopy. Afterward their interactions with bovine serum albumin and calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid have been investigated by UV-vis absorption, fluorescence emission and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Also, site-selective replacement experiments with site probes have been carried out...
January 15, 2021: Computational Biology and Chemistry
#3
Jingsi Mei, Yue Hu, Xiaofang Jiang, Wenjing Zhong, Cui Tan, Ran Gu, Fengtao Liu, Yaping Yang, Hongli Wang, Shiyu Shen, Chang Gong
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that desmoid tumors can be managed more conservatively rather than undergoing wide surgical resection (SR). Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (UGVAB) is a minimally invasive technique. This retrospective study aimed to compare the outcome in patients with breast desmoid tumor (BDT) who received UGVAB alone versus SR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pathology database was searched for patients diagnosed with BDT ≤ 3 cm from 2007 to 2019...
January 22, 2021: Journal of Surgical Research
#4
Cody J Phillips, Morgan R Barron, John Kuckelman, Michael Derickson, Vance Y Sohn, Keith T Paige, Kevin Beshlian
BACKGROUND: Mobile smartphone thermal imaging (MTI) devices correlate with blood flow, which makes them appealing adjuncts during reconstructive surgery. MTI was assessed in the setting of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP) free flaps. We hypothesized that MTI can be a surrogate for blood flow to identify microvascular flow insufficiencies. METHODS: Nineteen patients underwent 30 DIEAP flaps for breast reconstruction. Images were obtained preoperatively, intraoperatively, and at instances of concern for flap viability...
January 22, 2021: Journal of Surgical Research
#5
Yonggang Ren, Yi Zhang, Jialing Liu, Peiru Liu, Jing Yang, Dongmei Guo, Aifa Tang, Jia Tao
The tumor microenvironment is a complex microenvironment that combines the biochemical and biophysical factors. When the cells are exposed to the microenvironment, the direct biophysical factor is the matrix hardness. As an auxiliary indicator of clinical disease diagnosis, it is still not clear how the matrix hardness induces cell malignant changes and the regulation mechanisms. In this study, we identified that hard matrix significantly promoted cancer cell migratory behaviors. Cell shape was closely associated with cancer cell malignancy, the high malignant cells were associated with high ratios of length/width and low circularity...
January 21, 2021: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
#6
Noa Ben Ghedalia-Peled, Ifat Cohen-Erez, Hanna Rapaport, Razi Vago
Polymeric nanoparticles may enable delivery of drugs with lower systemic toxicity to solid tumors. Wnt signaling are evolutionary conserved pathways, involved in proliferation and fate decisions. Alterations in Wnt signaling play a pivotal role in various cancer types that promote cancer initiation, growth, metastasis and drug resistance. We designed a new strategy to allow an efficient targeting of both the canonical and the non-canonical Wnt pathways using nanoparticles loaded with inhibitor of Wnt productions-2 (IWP-2)...
January 22, 2021: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
#7
Lieske H Schrijver, Antonis C Antoniou, Håkan Olsson, Thea M Mooij, Marie-José Roos-Blom, Leyla Azarang, Julian Adlard, Munaza Ahmed, Daniel Barrowdale, Rosemarie Davidson, Alan Donaldson, Ros Eeles, D Gareth Evans, Debra Frost, Alex Henderson, Louise Izatt, Kai-Ren Ong, Valérie Bonadona, Isabelle Coupier, Laurence Faivre, Jean-Pierre Fricker, Paul Gesta, Klaartje VAN Engelen, Agnes Jager, Fred H Menko, Marian J E Mourits, Christian F Singer, Yen Y Tan, Lenka Foretova, Marie Navratilova, Rita K Schmutzler, Carolina Ellberg, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Trinidad Caldes, Jacques Simard, Edith Olah, Anna Jakubowska, Johanna Rantala, Ana Osorio, John L Hopper, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Roger L Milne, Mary Beth Terry, Catherine NoguÈs, Christoph Engel, Karin Kast, David E Goldgar, Flora E VAN Leeuwen, Douglas F Easton, Nadine Andrieu, Matti A Rookus
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has been shown to decrease with longer duration of oral contraceptive preparations (OCPs) use. While the effects of OCPs in the general population are well established (∼50% reduction), the estimated risk reduction in mutation carriers is much less precise due to potential bias and small sample sizes. In addition, only a few studies have examined the associations between duration of use, time since last use, starting age, and calendar year of start with risk of ovarian cancer...
January 22, 2021: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
#8
Katie Spencer, Christopher M Jones, Rebecca Girdler, Catherine Roe, Michael Sharpe, Sarah Lawton, Louise Miller, Philippa Lewis, Mererid Evans, David Sebag-Montefiore, Tom Roques, Rebecca Smittenaar, Eva Morris
BACKGROUND: The indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer outcomes is of increasing concern. However, the extent to which key treatment modalities have been affected is unclear. We aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on radiotherapy activity in England. METHODS: In this population-based study, data relating to all radiotherapy delivered for cancer in the English NHS, between Feb 4, 2019, and June 28, 2020, were extracted from the National Radiotherapy Dataset...
January 22, 2021: Lancet Oncology
#9
Qing Lu, Weili Chen, Yajie Ji, Yu Liu, Xiaohong Xue
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most serious subtype of breast cancer (BC) and has been a great health threat to females. Although chemotherapeutic agent contributes a lot to TNBC treatment, drug resistance has been a great obstacle for chemotherapies. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, was reported to reverse paclitaxel resistance in BC. However, whether UA could affect the resistance of TNBC cells to other drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) remains to be discovered...
January 25, 2021: Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
#10
Zohreh Rezaei, Farzad Sadri
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) as a rare and highly aggressive type of breast cancer displays phenotypic characteristics. To date, the IBC-associated molecular mechanisms are entirely unknown. In addition, there is an urgent need to identify the new biomarkers involved in the diagnosis and therapeutic purposes of IBC. MicroRNAs, a category of short noncoding RNAs, are capable of controlling the post-transcriptional expression of genes and thus can act as diagnostic predictive tools. In this review, we addressed the status of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNA-mediated IBC in current studies...
January 25, 2021: DNA and Cell Biology
#11
Olivia S Anderson, Katrina Weirauch, Rosemary Roper, Julie Phillips, Carolyn McCabe, Samantha A Chuisano, Anna Sadovnikova
Introduction: Medical students lack competencies in clinical lactation. We determined the effect of hybrid telesimulation with a standardized patient (SP) on medical students' clinical performance in lactation support. We assessed students' engagement and satisfaction with the experience. Materials and Methods: Undergraduate medical students ( n = 13) completed (1) preparatory case scenarios with multiple-choice questions and (2) three telesimulations with SPs wearing a high-fidelity breast model. Students had the option to complete the Encounter Documentation...
January 25, 2021: Breastfeeding Medicine
#12
M Wielema, P E Sijens, H Dijkstra, G H De Bock, I G van Bruggen, J E Siegersma, E Langius, R M Pijnappel, M D Dorrius, M Oudkerk
OBJECTIVES: In breast diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) protocol standardization, it is recently shown that no breast tumor tissue selection (BTTS) method outperformed the others. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of three fixed-size breast tumor tissue selection (BTTS) methods based on the reproducibility, accuracy and time-measurement in comparison to the largest oval and manual delineation in breast diffusion weighted imaging data. METHODS: This study is performed with a consecutive dataset of 116 breast lesions (98 malignant) of at least 1...
2021: PloS One
#13
REVIEW
Pedro Exman, Sara M Tolaney
Cases of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer represent approximately 15% to 20% of all breast cancers. Historically, this subtype of breast cancer was associated with an increased risk for the development of systemic and brain metastases and poor overall survival. The introduction of trastuzumab dramatically changed the outcomes of patients with HER2-positive disease, with many demonstrating outcomes similar to those of patients with luminal tumors. Currently, the first-line standard of care for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer is dual HER2 antibody therapy with pertuzumab/trastuzumab plus a taxane...
January 2021: Clinical Advances in Hematology & Oncology: H&O
#14
Dongdong Liu, Beibei Li, Xiaoshun Shi, Jiexia Zhang, Allen Menglin Chen, Jiarui Xu, Wan Wang, Kailing Huang, Jinwei Gao, Zhouxia Zheng, Dan Liu, Huimin Wang, Wen Shi, Lin Chen, Jianhua Xu
INTRODUCTION: Circulating non-coding RNA is an ideal source to discover novel biomarkers for non-invasive screening. However, studies for the discovery of universal miRNAs in serum and exosomes for breast cancer early diagnosis are limited. METHODS: Based on bioinformatic analysis, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to understand the role of identified hsa-miR-423-5p in cancer proliferation, migration, cancer stem cell properties. Next, global non-coding RNA expression profiles in blood serum and exosome were performed...
January 20, 2021: Aging
#15
Morteza Heidari, Sivaramakrishnan Lakshmivarahan, Seyedehnafiseh Mirniaharikandehei, Gopichandh Danala, Sai Kiran R Maryada, Hong Liu, Bin Zheng
OBJECTIVE: Since computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) schemes of medical images usually computes large number of image features, which creates a challenge of how to identify a small and optimal feature vector to build robust machine learning models, the objective of this study is to investigate feasibility of applying a random projection algorithm (RPA) to build an optimal feature vector from the initially CAD-generated large feature pool and improve performance of machine learning model. METHODS: We assemble a retrospective dataset involving 1,487 cases of mammograms in which 644 cases have confirmed malignant mass lesions and 843 have benign lesions...
January 25, 2021: IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering
#16
Godfrey S Philipo, Edda Vuhahula, Asteria Kimambo, Elia J Mmbaga, Katherine Van Loon, Dianna L Ng
PURPOSE: Clinical breast examination (CBE) is one of the most common methods used for early detection of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. CBE alone is limited by lack of specificity and may result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures. We evaluated the feasibility of integrating CBE, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in triaging palpable breast masses for specialized cancer care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An intensive breast cancer screening event was conducted at a national trade fair by a multidisciplinary team of care providers targeting a healthy population in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania...
January 2021: JCO global oncology
#17
Cheryl Ho, Brandon Chan, David Cameron, Aria Shokoohi, Dean A Regier, Howard Lim
PURPOSE: Regulatory agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and health technology assessment bodies are increasingly using real-world evidence (RWE). The ability of healthcare systems to reliably generate response rate and progression-free survival from real-world data is unknown. We examined the capacity of a single-payer system to provide RWE by evaluating the frequency of computed tomography (CT) imaging during standard first-line metastatic systemic treatment of breast, colorectal, and lung cancer...
January 22, 2021: JCO oncology practice
#18
María Isabel Jiménez Gómez, Alfonso Meneses Monroy, Javier Corrillero Martín, Sandra Santana Gutierrez, Rocío Rodríguez Martín, Pedro Ramón Girón Daviña
Background: Although most women start breastfeeding after delivery, difficulties often arise. One of the main reasons is nipple soreness, which contributes greatly to early cessation of breastfeeding. A soreness evaluation through validated scales, performed by health care professionals during the first few days, can contribute to improve breastfeeding and support for the mothers. Research Aim: Knowing the prevalence of nipple soreness during breastfeeding at 48 hours postpartum at the Infanta Cristina University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) through a cross-sectional descriptive study...
January 27, 2021: Breastfeeding Medicine
#19
Kumiko Kida, Ian Olver, Sriram Yennu, Debu Tripathy, Naoto T Ueno
The clinical progression patterns of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) are heterogeneous; patients experience acute and stable phases at different time points. The acute phase consists of rapid progressive symptomatic changes, whereas in the stable phase, patients have relatively low symptom burden. Therefore, personalized interdisciplinary care is essential. The optimal palliative or supportive care in MBC is to provide comprehensive care that is individually prioritized to the patient's disease status. The purpose of this review is to provide a practical guide for oncologists to understand the priorities for supportive care for patients with MBC in the two phases...
January 22, 2021: JCO oncology practice
#20
F W Abdallah, V Patel, C Madjdpour, T Cil, R Brull
Deep serratus anterior plane block has been widely adopted as an analgesic adjunct for patients undergoing breast surgery, but robust supporting evidence of efficacy is lacking. We randomly allocated 40 patients undergoing simple or partial mastectomy with sentinel node biopsy to receive either a pre-operative deep serratus anterior plane block (serratus group) or a placebo injection (sham group), in addition to systemic analgesia. The primary outcome measure was the quality of recovery score at discharge, as assessed by the quality of recovery-15 questionnaire at various time-points...
January 25, 2021: Anaesthesia
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