urinary calculi

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a rare genetic disease. Diagnosis of ADPKD is usually made by the number of renal cysts on the ultrasound for each age category. There are two types of ADPKD, and the patients with the second type have later onset of symptoms, with slower disease progression than in the first type. These patients are typically at risk of recurrent urinary tract infections, hemorrhage and rupture of cysts, end-stage renal disease, calculi, liver/pancreatic cysts, and brain aneurysm development...

Backgrounds: In the renal intrarenal stone surgery (RIRS) procedure, ureteral access sheath (UAS) is still used in the majority of surgeries to both protect the flexible ureteroscope (FURS) and reduce intrarenal pressure. ClearPETRA is a new UAS that has an integrated aspiration port. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of Aspiration-Assisted UAS (ClearPETRA) in the RIRS procedure. Methods: One thousand six hundred twenty patients who underwent RIRS between January 2021 and January 2024 were evaluated retrospectively and 512 patients were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common obstructive disease of the urinary tract. UPJO patients commonly exhibit coexistent renal calculi. The main aim of therapy is to relieve the obstruction and remove the stones at the same time. METHODS: This retrospective study included 110 patients diagnosed with UPJO coexisting with multiple renal calculi at Shanxi Bethune Hospital and the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between March 2016 and January 2022...

The presence of a vaginal calculus is a rare clinical entity which may develop in the setting of vaginal urinary stagnation. Numerous factors contribute to stone formation, and management can be complicated by variations in size, location of the stone, and location of adjacent structures. Generally, once diagnosed, vaginal calculi should be removed and surrounding anatomy should be evaluated thoroughly for secondary fistula, erosion, or presence of an instituting foreign body. This report presents a case of vaginal calculus formation on exposed midurethral sling mesh in an elderly patient with hemorrhagic cystitis...

BACKGROUND: 10%-15% of the world's population suffers from kidney stones. Nearly 50% increase was observed in diagnosing and treating nephrolithiasis in the last decades. Effective medical treatment for the disease is not yet well established. Moreover, there is an increasing global demand to manage diseases using complementary and alternative medicine. This study aimed to formulate and assess the safety and efficacy of a multi-ingredient formulation from traditional Persian medicine (TPM) known as Mofatet powder in patients suffering from calcium kidney stones...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) compared with open surgery for urinary stone removal. METHODS: A total of 95 patients with urinary stones were screened for eligibility between October 2020 and December 2021. After excluding 5 patients who revoked their consent, 90 patients were randomized to receive either traditional open surgery (traditional group) or PCNL (PCNL group), with 45 patients in each group. In addition, the two groups received Shugan Qingre Tonglin decoction twice daily for 2 weeks...

PURPOSE: To compare stent-related symptoms (SRS) in patients with double J (DJ) undergoing substitution with a pigtail suture stent (PSS) after ureteroscopy (URS), through the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with DJ undergoing URS for stone treatment were enrolled in this prospective multicenter longitudinal study. The USSQ was submitted thrice: 2 weeks after DJ, 2 weeks after PSS and 4 weeks after PSS removal (baseline)...

Numerous studies have shown that intestinal and urinary tract flora are closely related to the formation of kidney stones. The removal of probiotics represented by lactic acid bacteria and the colonization of pathogenic bacteria can directly or indirectly promote the occurrence of kidney stones. However, currently existing natural probiotics have limitations. Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline in which cells or living organisms are genetically designed and modified to have biological functions that meet human needs, or even create new biological systems, and has now become a research hotspot in various fields...

Background The narrower focal zone (FZ) size of modern lithotripter was considered as one of the factors that resulted in suboptimal treatment result of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). Therefore, we would like to investigate the efficacy and safety of standard narrow or extended (FZ) sizes in SWL for patients with renal stones. Material and Methods: In this prospective study conducted between April 2018 and October 2022, patients with renal stones were randomized to receive SWL with either standard or extended FZ...

BACKGROUND: Generally, there are many methods for the treatment of urinary stones, of which percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive and highly effective method, and now become the first-line management for urinary stones, especially in the cases of complex stones and staghorne calculi. Accurate assessment of stone location, stone morphology, degree of hydronephrosis as well as urinary system abnormalities is extremely important in the percutaneous nephrolithotomy strategy...

PURPOSE: To present the initial prospective clinical assessment of the ILY® robotic ureteroscopy manipulator platform, focusing on its safety and effectiveness. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data gathered from 31 kidney units which underwent elective robotic flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) for renal stone management utilizing the ILY® robotic system. Patient demographics, stone characteristics, surgical durations, perioperative and post-operative complications, and follow-up parameters were collected...

Upper urinary tract stones are a common urological disease that can be treated by flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) through the natural urinary tract, in addition to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The advantages of FURS are less trauma, faster recovery, and fewer complications, while its disadvantages include poor results of lithotripsy and stone extraction when dealing with larger stones, and prolonged operation time. Over the last two decades, the emergence of new technologies such as FURS combined with negative pressure suction, robot-assisted FURS, and artificially intelligent FURS, coupled with improvements in laser technology (the use of thulium fiber lasers (TFL) and the invention of single-use flexible ureteroscopes (su-fURS) suitable for primary level application, have significantly increased the global adoption of FURS...

INTRODUCTION: With advancements in laser technology, urologists have been able to treat urinary calculi more efficiently by increasing the energy delivered to the stone. With increases in power used, there is an increase in temperatures generated during laser lithotripsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal dose and temperatures generated with four laser settings at a standardized power in a high-fidelity, anatomic model. METHODS: Using high-fidelity, 3D printed hydrogel models of a pelvicalyceal collecting system with a synthetic BegoStone implanted in the renal pelvis, surgical simulation of ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy was performed with the Moses 2...

Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent urological diseases. Identifying the causes of stone formation forms the basis for successful prevention of recurrence. Metabolic diagnostics and measures for prevention of recurrence are based on the assignment of the patient to a low-risk or high-risk group. Analysis of the urinary calculi is an essential prerequisite for identifying patients at risk. The general recommendations on diet and lifestyle are considered to be the basis of treatment. Depending on the type of stone and the individual biochemical risk profile of a patient, these general measures should be supplemented by targeted medical nutrition therapy and pharmacological treatment...

The current report aimed to evaluate the characteristics of stone composition in 3637 renal and ureteral calculi patients in a single center while clarifying its relationship with sex, age, and time. Out of 3637 cases of upper urinary tract stones, stone specimens were analyzed retrospectively. There were 2373 male patients aged 6 months-87 years, with an average age of 44.73 ± 15.63 years, and 1264 female patients aged 4 months-87 years, with an average age of 46.84 ± 16...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to study the role of nanobacteria in the formation of renal calculi and the underlying mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 90 clean Wistar male rats were randomly divided into a negative control group, an experimental group, and an interference group. From the end of the first week of modelling, 10 consecutive times once a week, 3 rats in each group were randomly selected to measure the biochemical blood markers and urine metabolism...

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting data on the significance of hyperuricemia or hyperuricosuria in urolithiasis formation and on the need for medical treatment. OBJECTIVES: To assess the significance of hyperuricemia or hyperuricosuria in urolithiasis formation, particularly when hyperuricemia occurs with normal uricosuria. METHODS: The electronic medical records of patients treated in Haifa and the Western Galilee district of Clalit Health Services, Israel, were retrospectively screened for diagnosis of nephrolithiasis or renal or urinary tract/bladder calculi between February 2014 and April 2019...

OBJECTIVE: In this review, we investigated the current literature to find out which artificial stones (AS) are available in endourology, and in which experimental and training schemes they are used. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Twenty-one out of 346 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review. The inclusion criteria were the existence of AS and their use for laboratory and training studies...

Primary adenocarcinoma rarely occurs in the upper urinary tract and accounts for less than 1% of the urothelial tumors. Here we present a case report of a 45-year-old female patient who presented with a lump in the abdomen and pain in the right lumbar region for 2 months. Various radiological investigations revealed right-sided hydronephrosis with enhancing masses in the right proximal ureter and renal pelvis associated with multiple calculi. A gross examination of the right nephrectomy specimen revealed multiple cystic areas filled with mucinous material and papillary projections in the renal pelvis...

Objective: To explore the characteristics, prevention and treatment strategies of lower urinary tract injury in transvaginal reconstructive pelvic surgery (vRPS). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 24 patients who suffered lower urinary tract injuries occuring in vRPS from January 2005 to June 2021, among which 4 cases were referred to our hospital from other hospitals. Results: (1) In our hospital, 1 952 patients underwent vRPS for anterior and (or) middle pelvic organ prolapse during that study period, with a 1...