Web space

BACKGROUND: Face-to-face hearing voices peer support groups (HVGs), a survivor-led initiative that enables individuals who hear voices to engage with the support of peers, have a long-standing history in community settings. HVGs are premised on the notion that forming authentic, mutual relationships enables the exploration of one's voice hearing experiences and, in turn, reduces subjective distress. As such, group cohesion is assumed to be a central mechanism of change in HVGs. The rise of digital mental health support, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in many HVGs adapting to online delivery...

Trajectory inference is a crucial task in single-cell RNA-sequencing downstream analysis, which can reveal the dynamic processes of biological development, including cell differentiation. Dimensionality reduction is an important step in the trajectory inference process. However, most existing trajectory methods rely on cell features derived from traditional dimensionality reduction methods, such as principal component analysis and uniform manifold approximation and projection. These methods are not specifically designed for trajectory inference and fail to fully leverage prior information from upstream analysis, limiting their performance...

Aim: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is increasingly used to monitor pandemics. In this manuscript, we review methods and limitations of WBE, as well as their online dashboards. Materials & methods: Online dashboards were retrieved using PubMed and search engines, and annotated for timeliness, availability of English version, details on SARS-CoV-2 sublineages, normalization by population and PPMoV load, availability of case/hospitalization count charts and of raw data for export. Results: We retrieved 51 web portals, half of them from Europe...

Due to the magnitude of chemical space, the discovery of novel substrates in energy transfer (EnT) catalysis remains a daunting task. Experimental and computational strategies to identify compounds that successfully undergo EnT-mediated reactions are limited by their time and cost efficiency. To accelerate the discovery process in EnT catalysis, we herein present the EnTdecker platform, which facilitates the large-scale virtual screening of potential substrates using machine-learning (ML) based predictions of their excited state properties...

INTRODUCTION: The internal representation of verticality could be disturbed when a lesion in the central nervous system (CNS) affects the centers where information from the vestibular, visual, and/or somatosensory systems, increasing the risk of falling. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the vestibular and somatosensory contribution to the verticality pattern in patients with stroke and other neurological disorders. METHODS: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases...

In drug discovery, the successful optimization of an initial hit compound into a lead molecule requires multiple cycles of chemical modification. Consequently, there is a need to efficiently generate synthesizable chemical libraries to navigate the chemical space surrounding the primary hit. To address this need, we introduce ChemoDOTS, an easy-to-use web server for hit-to-lead chemical optimization freely available at https://chemodots.marseille.inserm.fr/. With this tool, users enter an activated form of the initial hit molecule then choose from automatically detected reactive functions...

BACKGROUND: Despite substantial efforts to reduce operating room (OR) turnover time (TOT), delays remain a frustration to physicians, staff, and hospital leadership. These efforts have employed many systems and human factor-based approaches with variable results. A deeper dive into methodologies and their applicability could lead to successful and sustained change. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate relevant research focused on improving OR TOT and clearly defining measures of successful intervention...

Cervical cancer is a major global health issue, particularly in developing countries where access to healthcare is limited. Early detection of pre-cancerous lesions is crucial for successful treatment and reducing mortality rates. However, traditional screening and diagnostic processes require cytopathology doctors to manually interpret a huge number of cells, which is time-consuming, costly, and prone to human experiences. In this paper, we propose a Multi-scale Window Transformer (MWT) for cervical cytopathology image recognition...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze outcomes and complications of cytoreductive prostatectomy (CRP) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa) in order to elucidate its role in this space. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search using three databases (Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science). The primary endpoints were oncologic outcomes. The secondary endpoints were complication rates and functional results. RESULTS: In all studies, overall survival was better or at least comparable variable in the groups with CRP compared to no local treatment...

We present a neural-network-based high-throughput molecular conformer-generation algorithm. A chemical graph-convolutional network is trained to predict low-energy conformers in internal coordinate representation (bond lengths, bond, and torsion angles), starting from two-dimensional (2D) chemical topology. Generative neural network (NN) architecture performs denoising from torsion space, producing conformer ensembles with populations that are well correlated with torsion energy profiles. Short force-field-based energy minimization is applied to refine final conformers...

Recent progress towards understanding the mechanism of dynamical tunneling in Hamiltonian systems with three or more degrees of freedom (DoF) is reviewed. In contrast to systems with two degrees of freedom, the three or more degrees of freedom case presents several challenges. Specifically, in higher-dimensional phase spaces, multiple mechanisms for classical transport have significant implications for the evolution of initial quantum states. In this review, the importance of features on the Arnold web, a signature of systems with three or more DoF, to the mechanism of resonance-assisted tunneling is illustrated using select examples...

UNLABELLED: After pulp infection and necrosis, the passage of microbial antigens into the periapical space causes apical periodontitis (AP). Most of the clinical forms of AP can be managed without prescribing antibiotics, only with root canal treatment and abscess drainage or, where appropriate, tooth extraction. However, the scientific literature provides evidence of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions by dentists in the management of apical disease. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the global pattern of antibiotic prescription in the treatment of apical disease...

Machine learning (ML) identification of covalently ligandable sites may accelerate targeted covalent inhibitor design and help expand the druggable proteome space. Here, we report the rigorous development and validation of the tree-based models and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained on a newly curated database (LigCys3D) of over 1000 liganded cysteines in nearly 800 proteins represented by over 10,000 three-dimensional structures in the protein data bank. The unseen tests yielded 94 and 93% area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the tree models and CNNs, respectively...

Artificial grammar learning (AGL) is an experimental paradigm frequently adopted to investigate the unconscious and conscious learning and application of linguistic knowledge. This paper will introduce ENIGMA ( https://enigma-lang.org ) as a free, flexible, and lightweight Web-based tool for running online AGL experiments. The application is optimized for desktop and mobile devices with a user-friendly interface, which can present visual and aural stimuli and elicit judgment responses with RT measures. Without limits in time and space, ENIGMA could help collect more data from participants with diverse personal and language backgrounds and variable cognitive skills...

BACKGROUND: Workplace mental health is an important global health concern. OBJECTIVES: This unblinded, phase-III, wait-listed cluster randomized controlled trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) psychoeducation program using a spaced education approach on mental health literacy (MHL) in the workplace. The main interest of this paper was the immediate and 3-month medium-term effect of the program on the MHL of workers. The purposely built mHealth platform was also evaluated as a health-related app...

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a life-threatening, stressful event, particularly for young adults due to delays and disruptions in their developmental transitions. Cancer treatment can also cause adverse long-term effects, chronic conditions, psychological issues, and decreased quality of life (QoL) among young adults. Despite numerous health benefits of health behaviors (eg, physical activity, healthy eating, no smoking, no alcohol use, and quality sleep), young adult cancer survivors report poor health behavior profiles...

Vertebrate genomes contain lower than expected frequencies of the CpG dinucleotide. Consequently, many vertebrate viruses have evolved to mimic this composition, possibly in order to evade host antiviral defences (Greenbaum et al., 2008). For example, the antiviral protein ZAP binds CpGs in viral single stranded RNA with specific spacing requirements (Gonçalves-Carneiro et al., 2022), though CpGs are also likely depleted in viral genomes due to other selective pressures (Forni et al., 2023). Increasing CpG abundance by synonymous recoding could facilitate attenuation of viruses without compromising their epitope antigenicity by changing non-CpG codons to alternatives containing CpG without changing the overall amino acid sequence (Gonçalves-Carneiro et al...

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal prion disease of the family Cervidae that circulates in both wild and captive cervid populations. This disease threatens the health and economic viability of the captive cervid industry, which raises cervids in contained spaces for purposes such as hunting and breeding. Given the high transmissibility and long incubation period of CWD, the introduction and propagation of the infectious prion protein within and between captive cervid farms could be devastating to individual facilities and to the industry as a whole...

Recently, there has been a trend of designing neural data structures to go beyond handcrafted data structures by leveraging patterns of data distributions for better accuracy and adaptivity. Sketches are widely used data structures in real-time web analysis, network monitoring, and self-driving to estimate item frequencies of data streams within limited space. However, existing sketches have not fully exploited the patterns of the data stream distributions, making it challenging to tightly couple them with neural networks that excel at memorizing pattern information...

BACKGROUND: The availability of soil phosphorus (P) often limits the productivities of wet tropical lowland forests. Little is known, however, about the metabolomic profile of different chemical P compounds with potentially different uses and about the cycling of P and their variability across space under different tree species in highly diverse tropical rainforests. RESULTS: We hypothesised that the different strategies of the competing tree species to retranslocate, mineralise, mobilise, and take up P from the soil would promote distinct soil 31 P profiles...