Paclitaxel

BACKGROUND: A novel nanosomal paclitaxel lipid suspension (NPLS), free from Cremophor EL (CrEL) and ethanol, was developed to address the solvent-related toxicities associated with conventional paclitaxel formulation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of NPLS versus CrEL-based paclitaxel (conventional paclitaxel) in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). DESIGN: A prospective, open-label, randomized, multiple-dose, parallel, phase II/III study...

Adjuvant systemic therapies effectively reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, but therapy resistance can develop in some patients due to breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) represents a promising therapeutic approach as it can specifically target cancer cells. However, its potential to target BCSCs remains unclear. Here, we evaluated a Cox-2 promoter-controlled, Ad5/3 fiber-modified OAd designed to encode the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) in breast cancer models...

Supercritical anti-solvent fluidized bed (SAS-FB) coating technology has the advantages of reducing particle size, preventing high surface energy particle aggregation, improving the dissolution performance and bioavailability of insoluble drugs. The poor solubility of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drugs poses challenges in achieving optimal bioavailability. Numerous anti-cancer drugs including paclitaxel (PTX) belong to the BCS class IV, hindering their therapeutic efficacy. To address this concern, our study explored SAS-FB technology to coat PTX with D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) onto lactose...

The widespread occurrence of breast cancer and its propensity to develop drug resistance highlight the need for a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. This study investigates the intricate pathways associated with secondary resistance to taxol in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, with a particular focus on the changes observed in the cytoplasmic actin isoforms. By studying a taxol-resistant TNBC cell line, we revealed a shift between actin isoforms towards γ-actin predominance, accompanied by increased motility and invasive properties...

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most prevalent and dose-limiting complications in chemotherapy patients. One identified mechanism underlying CIPN is neuroinflammation. Most of this research has been conducted in only male or female rodent models, making direct comparisons regarding the role of sex differences in the neuroimmune underpinnings of CIPN limited. Moreover, most measurements have focused on the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and/or spinal cord, while relatively few studies have been aimed at characterizing neuroinflammation in the brain, for example the periaqueductal grey (PAG)...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the deadliest cancers, presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its aggressive, metastatic nature and lack of early detection methods. A key obstacle in PDAC treatment is the highly complex tumor environment characterized by dense stroma surrounding the tumor, which hinders effective drug delivery. Nanotechnology can offer innovative solutions to these challenges, particularly in creating novel drug delivery systems for existing anticancer drugs for PDAC, such as gemcitabine and paclitaxel...

BACKGROUND: The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains inadequately supported by evidence. We conducted a single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of anlotinib plus epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel in patients with IIB to IIIA stage TNBC. METHODS: Newly diagnosed patients received epirubicin at 90 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide at 600 mg/m2 followed by docetaxel at 100 mg/m2 (21 days per cycle; total of 4 cycles), along with oral anlotinib (12 mg qd, d1-14; 21 days per cycle; total of 4 cycles)...

To alleviate skull defects and enhance the biological activity of taxifolin, this study utilized the thin-film dispersion method to prepare paclitaxel liposomes (TL). Thiolated chitosan (CSSH)-modified TL (CTL) was synthesized through charge interactions. Injectable hydrogels (BLG) were then prepared as hydrogel scaffolds loaded with TAX (TG), TL (TLG), and CTL (CTLG) using a Schiff base reaction involving oxidized dextran and carboxymethyl chitosan. The study investigated the bone reparative properties of CTLG through molecular docking, western blot techniques, and transcriptome analysis...

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is associated with a dismal prognosis due to development of resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis in the peritoneal cavity and distant organs. In order to identify new targets and treatment modalities we searched the literature for up- and and down-regulated circRNAs with efficacy in preclinical EOC-related in vivo systems. Our search yielded circRNAs falling into the following categories: cisplatin and paclitaxel resistance, transmembrane receptors, secreted factors, transcription factors, RNA splicing and processing factors, RAS pathway-related components, proteolysis and cell-cycle regulation, signaling-related proteins, and circRNAs regulating proteins in additional categories...

OBJECTIVE: Overweight/obesity is the strongest risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC), and weight management can reduce that risk and improve survival. We aimed to establish the differential benefits of intermittent energy restriction (IER) and low-fat diet (LFD), alone and in combination with paclitaxel, to reverse the procancer effects of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in a mouse model of EC. METHODS: Lkb1fl/fl p53fl/fl mice were fed HFD or LFD to generate obese and lean phenotypes, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Nanoparticle polymeric micellar paclitaxel (NPMP) is a novel Cremophor EL (CrEL)-free nanoparticle micellar formulation of paclitaxel. This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of NPMP in the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). METHODS: Patients with histologically confirmed AGC in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital were retrospectively collected and divided into two groups. Patients in group A received NPMP at a total dose of 360 mg/m2 each cycle, and patients in group B were given paclitaxel at a dose of 210 mg/m2 each cycle...

Several studies have reported the successful use of bio-orthogonal catalyst nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer therapy. However, the delivery of the catalysts to the target tissues in vivo remains an unsolved challenge. The combination of catalytic NPs with extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been proposed as a promising approach to improve the delivery of therapeutic nanomaterials to the desired organs. In this study, we have developed a nanoscale bio-hybrid vector using a CO-mediated reduction at low temperature to generate ultrathin catalytic Pd nanosheets (PdNSs) as catalysts directly inside cancer-derived EVs...

BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer and, despite its adverse effects, chemotherapy is the standard systemic treatment option for TNBC. Since, it is of utmost importance to consider the combination of different agents to achieve greater efficacy and curability potential, MSC secretome is a possible innovative alternative. METHODS: In the present study, we proposed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of the combination of a chemical agent (paclitaxel) with a complex biological product, secretome derived from human Uterine Cervical Stem cells (CM-hUCESC) in TNBC...

Balloon angioplasty achieves luminal enlargement by fracturing the atherosclerotic intima at its point of least resistance, thereby creating a dissection plane and space with dehiscence of the intima from the media. This barotraumatic dissection triggers an inflammatory and proliferative reaction, resulting in a restenosis process at medium-term. In the era of plain old balloon angioplasty, quantitative angiographic studies at follow-up demonstrated that - the greater the acute luminal gain was after balloon angioplasty, the greater the late luminal loss was at follow-up...

BACKGROUND: The GENEVIEVE study, comparing neoadjuvant cabazitaxel versus paclitaxel in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and luminal B/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (BC), previously reported significant differences in pathological complete response (pCR) rates. Effects on long-term outcome are unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS: GENEVIEVE randomized patients with cT2-3, any cN or cT1, cN+/pNSLN +, centrally confirmed TNBC or luminal B/HER2-negative BC (latter defined as estrogen/progesterone receptor-positive and >14% Ki-67-stained cells) to receive either cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 q3w for four cycles or paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly for 12 weeks...

The B7-H7 is the newest addition to the B7 family of proteins that is present in the majority of malignancies. In this respect, the goal of the work was to investigate the impact of B7-H7 inhibition on breast cancer cells when paclitaxel and small interference RNA (siRNA) were combined. B7-H7 siRNA was used with Paclitaxel to treat MCF-7 cells. The IC50 of Paclitaxel and the cell survival was then assessed through using MTT assay. Investigation was conducted using flow cytometry to both the induction of apoptosis and the cell cycle...

Drug-coated balloon (DCB) therapy is a promising endovascular treatment for obstructive arterial disease. The goal of DCB therapy is restoration of lumen patency in a stenotic vessel, whereby balloon deployment both mechanically compresses the offending lesion and locally delivers an antiproliferative drug, most commonly paclitaxel (PTX) or derivative compounds, to the arterial wall. Favorable long-term outcomes of DCB therapy thus require predictable and adequate PTX delivery, a process facilitated by coating excipients that promotes rapid drug transfer during the inflation period...

Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the first-line chemotherapeutic agents for treating breast cancer. However, PTX resistance remains a major hurdle in breast cancer therapy. Crocin, the main chemical constituent of saffron, shows anti-cancer activity against various types of cancer. However, the effect of crocin on the resistance of PTX in breast cancer is still unknown. CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were employed to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The targets of crocin were predicted using HERB database and the targets associated with breast cancer were acquired using GEPIA database...

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common off-target adverse effects caused by various chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, vincristine and bortezomib. CIPN is characterized by a substantial loss of primary afferent sensory axonal fibers leading to sensory disturbances in patients. An estimated of 19-85% of patients developed CIPN during the course of chemotherapy. The lack of preventive measures and limited treatment options often require a dose reduction or even early termination of life-saving chemotherapy, impacting treatment efficacy and patient survival...

OBJECTIVE: Ramucirumab is a VEGFR2 antagonist. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab combined with nab-paclitaxel, lobaplatin and S-1 in neoadjuvant and conversion therapy for advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: and analysis: This study is a prospective single-center, randomized controlled and open label clinical study, enrolling a total of 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer distributed across two distinct cohorts (Cohort A n = 70; Cohort B n = 70)...