Polyphenol

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor and one of the most challenging cancers to treat. Here, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo ameliorating impacts of seedless black Vitis vinifera (VV) polyphenols on HCC. Following the preparation of the VV crude extract (VVCE) from seedless VV (pulp and skin), three fractions (VVF1, VVF2, and VVF3) were prepared. The anticancer potencies of the prepared fractions, compared to 5-FU, were assessed against HepG2 and Huh7 cells. In addition, the effects of these fractions on p-dimethylaminoazobenzene-induced HCC in mice were evaluated...

Enshi Yulu green tea (ESYL) is the most representative traditional steamed green tea in Enshi, Hubei. Different ESYL grades exhibit distinct flavors, tastes, and prices. In this study, a visual sensor based on 4-MPBA Au@AgNPs was developed for the rapid and accurate identification of ESYL grades. The recognition mechanism involved the binding of 4-MPBA Au@AgNPs with polyphenolic compounds in ESYL to form borate esters and the conversion of Ag+ to Ag0 , with the generated Ag0 depositing on the surface of 4-MPBA Au@AgNPs...

This study assessed the chemical profiles and bioactivities of the infusions, decoctions and hydroethanolic extracts of tarragon, basil and French lavender. The extracts were chemically characterised (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) and their bioactivities were evaluated in vitro. All extracts revealed antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. French lavender extracts showed higher total phenolic content, regardless of the extraction method used, and antioxidant and antitumour capacities, but no anti-inflammatory action...

The protist Euglena gracilis has various trophic modes including heterotrophy and photoheterotrophy. To investigate how cultivation mode influences metabolic regulation, the chemical composition of cellular metabolites of Euglena gracilis grown under heterotrophic and photoheterotrophic conditions was monitored from the early exponential phase to the mid-stationary phase using two different techniques, i.e, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The combined metabolomics approach allowed an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of photoheterotrophic and heterotrophic growth for biomolecule production...

The human gut microbiota is a complex community of micro-organisms that play a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Recent research has shown that gut microbes also have a profound impact on brain function and cognition, leading to the concept of the gut-brain axis. One way in which the gut microbiota can influence the brain is through the bioconversion of polyphenols to other bioactive molecules. Phenolic compounds are a group of natural plant metabolites widely available in the human diet, which have anti-inflammatory and other positive effects on health...

Polyphenols with a typical meta -phenol structure have been intensively investigated for scavenging of methylglyoxal (MGO) to reduce harmful substances in food. However, less attention has been paid to the formation level of polyphenol-MGO adducts in foods and in vivo and their absorption, metabolism, and health impacts. In this study, hesperitin (HPT) was found to scavenge MGO by forming two adducts, namely, 8-(1-hydroxyacetone)-hesperetin (HPT-mono-MGO) and 6-(1-hydroxyacetone)-8-(1-hydroxyacetone)-hesperetin (HPT-di-MGO)...

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and chronic sterile inflammation are associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Catechins are natural polyphenolic compounds found in green tea that possess some health benefits. However, whether (+)-catechin can reduce tubular injury in DN by regulating ER stress and NLRP3-associated inflammation remains uncertain. This study examined the effects of (+)-catechin on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and on palmitic acid (PA)-treated HK-2 cells. In vivo , a DN mouse model was generated by injecting STZ...

Polyphenols have been investigated for their potential to mitigate inflammation in the context of atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-based carbon dots (EGCG@CDs) were developed to enhance transdermal penetration, reduce inflammation, recapitulate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and provide antimicrobial effects for AD treatment. The water-soluble EGCG@CDs in a few nanometers size exhibit a negative zeta potential, making them suitable for effective transdermal penetration...

Natural polyphenolic compound rosmarinic acid (RA) has good antitumor activity. However, the distinctive tumor microenvironment, characterized by low pH and elevated levels of glutathione (GSH), enhances the tolerance of tumors to the singular anti-tumor treatment mode using RA, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Targeting nonapoptotic programmed cell death processes may provide another impetus to inhibit tumor growth. RA possesses the capability to coordinate with metal elements. To solve the effect restriction of the above single treatment mode, it is proposed to construct a self-assembled nanocomposite, Fe-RA...

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) possesses a rich nutritional profile, making it a valuable ingredient for a wide range of culinary applications. After removing its outer skin, ginger can be effectively utilized in the production of pickles and other processed food products. However, following scraping, ginger undergoes a series of physiological and biochemical changes during storage, which can impact its subsequent development and utilization in food. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the browning mechanism of scraped ginger using non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics...

Senescence is a heterogenous and dynamic process in which various cell types undergo cell-cycle arrest due to cellular stressors. While senescence has been implicated in aging and many human pathologies, therapeutic interventions remain inadequate due to the absence of a comprehensive set of biomarkers in a context-dependent manner. Polyphenols have been investigated as senotherapeutics in both preclinical and clinical settings. However, their use is hindered by limited stability, toxicity, modest bioavailability, and often inadequate concentration at target sites...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent form of hair loss in clinical practice and affects the physical and psychological well-being of adolescents. Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (PL), which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, enhances blood function and promotes hair growth, and ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenol in PL extract, shows strong antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory properties and also plays a role in the treatment of various skin conditions...

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Vepris afzelii roots on a rat model of hypogonadism. Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity of the extract were performed using different procedures. Hypogonadism was induced orally in adult Wistar rats using cyproterone acetate (30 mg/kg) for ten days. Besides six normal rats (10 ml/kg of distilled water, normal control), 30 hypogonadal rats were subdivided into five groups of six animals each, receiving for 14 days: distilled water (10 ml/kg, hypogonadal control), testosterone (4 mg/kg/3days) and the extract of V...

Our investigation revealed that alterations in sulphur (S) pools are predominantly governed by soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nitrogen (N), microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities in sandy clay loam (Vertic Ustropept) soil. We employed ten sets of nutrient management techniques, ranging from suboptimal (50% RDF) to super-optimal doses (150% RDF), including NPK + Zn, NP, N alone, S-free NPK fertilizers, NPK + FYM, and control treatments, to examine the interrelation of S with SOC characteristics...

Bitterness and astringency are the aversive tastes in mammals. In humans, aversion to bitterness and astringency may be reduced depending on the eating experience. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plasticity in preference to bitter and astringent tastants remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the preference plasticity to bitter and astringent tea polyphenols, including catechins and tannic acids, in the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans showed avoidance behavior against epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), tannic acid, and theaflavin...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic and progressive systemic condition that characterizes irreversible alterations in the kidneys' function and structure over an extended period, spanning months to years. CKD is the one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. However, very limited treatment options are available in the market for management of the CKD. Diabetes and hypertension are the key risk factors for the progression of CKD. It is majorly characterised by glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis...

Natural polyphenolic compounds play a vital role in nature and are widely utilized as building blocks in the fabrication of emerging functional nanomaterials. Although diverse fabrication methodologies are developed in recent years, the challenges of purification, uncontrollable reaction processes and additional additives persist. Herein, a modular and facile methodology is reported toward the fabrication of natural polyphenolic nanoparticles. By utilizing low frequency ultrasound (40 kHz), the assembly of various natural polyphenolic building blocks is successfully induced, allowing for precise control over the particle formation process...

BACKGROUND: Over the past decades, Capparis spinosa has been considered a traditional therapy for relieving different illnesses. Mastitis causes a decrease in milk production and is usually treated with injectable and intra-mammary antibiotics. AIM: Investigating the therapeutic effects of C. spinosa root extract on subclinically mastitic ewes. METHODS: Totally, 164 lactating ewes were selected randomly from the flocks that existed in some areas belonging to Al-Najaf City (Najaf, Iraq) from September to December (2022)...

This study explores the potential of combining periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) with a fluorescent dye to develop a ratiometric thermometry system with enhanced stability, sensitivity, and biocompatibility. PMOs, ordered porous materials known for their stability and versatility, serve as an ideal platform. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol and fluorescent dye, is incorporated into PMOs to develop curcumin-functionalized PMOs (C-PMO) and curcumin-pyrazole-functionalized PMOs (CP-PMO) via hydrolysis and co-condensation...

Background: V. canescens Wall, a plant renowned for its ethno-medical properties, was investigated in this study for its antioxidant potential based on its wide therapeutic applications in traditional healthcare systems. The study aimed to assess the antioxidant potential of the plant extract/fractions and to predict the active phytochemicals using computational techniques. Methods: Five fractions were obtained from the crude methanolic extract of Viola canescens, and six concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 μg/mL) were prepared for each fraction...