Spio

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-guided and standard techniques for sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in early breast cancer. Multiple inferiority trials have concluded the non-inferiority of SPIO to the conventional radioisotope technique, with or without blue dye, in detecting SLNs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 2018 to August 2022, patients clinically diagnosed with node-negative invasive breast cancer were randomised into the study group (SPIO) and control group (radioisotope and blue dye)...

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) provides hotspot tracking and direct quantification of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIO)-labelled cells. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) with the luciferase reporter gene Akaluc can provide complementary information on cell viability. Thus, we explored combining these technologies to provide a more holistic view of cancer cell fate in mice. Akaluc-expressing 4T1Br5 cells were labelled with the SPIO Synomag-D and injected into the mammary fat pads (MFP) of four nude mice...

BACKGROUND: MRI is crucial in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) are liver-specific contrast agents which enhance lesions in T2 -weighted images. Iron oxide nano-particle m-PEG-silane (IOP) Injection, a newly developed SPIO, showed promising imaging effects and good safety profile in preclinical studies and in phase I clinical trial. PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and clinical validity of IOP Injection as MRI contrast agent in diagnosing HCC...

The imbalance between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system is one of the main pathogeneses of myocardial infarction (MI). Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), which restores autonomic nervous balance by enhancing the parasympathetic drive, is shown to have benefits for patients with MI. As a clinically safe and effective remote neuromodulation method, magnetic stimulation is expected to overcome the problems of infection and nerve injury caused by electrode implantation. However, it is difficult to achieve precise stimulation on a single vagus nerve due to the poor focus of the magnetic field...

Stem cell-based therapies have demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications for many debilitating diseases. The ability to non-invasively and dynamically track the location and viability of stem cells post administration could provide important information on individual patient response and/or side effects. Multi-modal cell tracking provides complementary information that can offset the limitations of a single imaging modality to yield a more comprehensive picture of cell fate. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were engineered to express human sodium iodide symporter (NIS), a clinically relevant positron emission tomography (PET) reporter gene, as well as labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) to allow for detection with magnetic particle imaging (MPI)...

BACKGROUND: Difficulty in preoperatively assessing the risk for occult invasion or surgery that precludes future accurate axillary mapping in patients with ductal cancer in situ (DCIS) account for overutilization of SLND. METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, cohort study, including women with any DCIS planned for mastectomy or DCIS grade 2 and > 20 mm, any DCIS grade 3, any mass-forming DCIS and any planned surgery. Patients received an interstitial SPIO injection during breast surgery, but no upfront SLND was performed...

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory diseases are the leading cause of death in the world, accounting for 3 out of 5 deaths. Despite the abundance of diagnostic tools for detection, most screening and diagnostic methods are indirect and insufficient as they are unable to reliably discriminate between high-risk or low-risk stages of inflammatory diseases. Previously, we showed that the selective activation of interpolymer complexed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IPC-SPIOs) under oxidative conditions can be detected by a change in T2 magnetic resonance (MR) contrast...

BACKGROUNDS: Traditionally, breast conserving surgery for non-palpable breast cancer is guided by wire or radioactive seed and radioactive tracer for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Alternatively, a stain-less magnetic seed and superparamagnetic iron oxide tracer (SPIO) can be combined as a radioactive-free technique. The aim of this study was to define the pitfalls we encountered during implementation of this combined technique and provide solutions resulting in an instruction manual for a radio-active free procedure...

OBJECTIVE: Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging modality. It is crucial to acquire accurate localization of the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles distributions in MPI. However, the spatial resolution of unidirectional Cartesian trajectory MPI exhibits anisotropy, which blurs the boundaries of MPI images and makes precise localization difficult. In this paper, we propose an anisotropic edge-preserving network (AEP-net) to alleviate the anisotropic resolution of MPI...

Polymeric micelles have long been considered as promising nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs and imaging probes, due to their nanoscale particle size, biocompatibility and ability to loading reasonable amount of cargoes. Herein, a facile method for dextran micelles preparation was developed and their performance as carriers of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanocrystals was evaluated. Amphiphilic dextran (Dex- g -OA) was synthesized via the Schiff base reactions between oxidized dextran and oleylamine, and self-assembled in situ into nano-size micelles in the reaction systems...

Numerous nanocarriers have been developed to deliver drugs for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the lack of specific targeting ability, the low administration efficiency, and insufficient absorption by hepatocellular carcinoma cells, severely limits the therapeutic effect of the current drugs. Therefore, it is still of great clinical significance to develop highly efficient therapies with few side effects for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, we developed a highly effective nanocarrier, cyclic RGD peptide-conjugated magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles (RGD SPIO@MSN NPs), to deliver the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) to human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, and further explored their synergistic apoptosis-promoting effects...

Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) occur in cirrhotic livers, but unequivocal diagnosis of early HCC from the fibrotic microenvironment remains a formidable challenge with conventional imaging strategies, mainly because of the massive fibrotic collagen deposition leading to hepatic nodules formation and dysfunction of contrast agent metabolism. Here, we developed a "sweep-and-illuminate" imaging strategy, pre-degrade hepatic fibrotic collagen with collagenase I conjugated human serum albumin (HSA-C) and then targeting visualize HCC lesion with GPC3 targeting nanoparticles (TSI NPs, TJ2 peptide-superparamagnetic iron oxide-indocyanine green) via fluorescence imaging (FLI) and magnetic particle imaging (MPI)...

Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeling of cells has been applied for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cell tracking for over 30 years, having resulted in a dozen or so clinical trials. SPIO nanoparticles are biodegradable and can be broken down into elemental iron, and hence the tolerance of cells to magnetic labeling has been overall high. Over the years, however, single reports have accumulated demonstrating that the proliferation, migration, adhesion and differentiation of magnetically labeled cells may differ from unlabeled cells, with inhibition of chondrocytic differentiation of labeled human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as a notable example...

Objective. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel radiation-free medical imaging modality that can directly image superparamagnetic iron oxide tracers (SPIOs) with high sensitivity, temporal resolution, and good spatial resolution. The MPI reconstruction task can be formulated mathematically as a Fredholm integral problem, but the concrete inversion is not easily possible because of the particle dynamics or scanner issues. Measurement based system matrix inversion takes these factors into account, but prior measurement and calibration are time consuming...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technology to diagnose health conditions, showing the weakness of low sensitivity. Herein, we synthesize a contrast agent, SPIO@SiO2 @MnO2 , which shows decreased T1 and T2 contrast intensity in normal physiological conditions. In the acid environment of tumor or inflamed tissue, the manganese dioxide (MnO2 ) layer decomposes into magnetically active Mn2+ (T1 -weighted), and the T1 and T2 signals are sequentially recovered. In addition, both constrast quenching-activation degrees of T1 and T2 images can be accurately regulated by the silicon dioxide (SiO2 ) intermediate layer between superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and MnO2 ...

BACKGROUND: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been used as a tracer for sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization in breast cancer, demonstrating comparable performance to the combination of radioisotope (RI) and blue dye (BD). METHODS: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis with subgroup and meta-regression analysis were undertaken to update the available evidence, assess technique evolution, and define knowledge gaps. Recommendations were made using the GRADE approach...

The significant roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as intracellular mediators, disease biomarkers, and therapeutic agents, make them a scientific hotspot. In particular, EVs secreted by human stem cells show significance in treating neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke. However, the clinical applications of EVs are limited due to their poor targeting capabilities and low therapeutic efficacies after intravenous administration. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles are biocompatible and have been shown to improve the targeting ability of EVs...

The development of an effective method for staging liver fibrosis has always been a hot topic of research in the field of liver fibrosis. In this paper, PEGylated ultrafine superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIO@PEG) were developed for T 1 - T 2 dual-modal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and combined with Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB)-based image fusion for staging liver fibrosis in the rat model. Firstly, SPIO@PEG was synthesized and characterized with physical and biological properties as a T 1 - T 2 dual-mode MRI contrast agent...

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) are a tracer for sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection. In a preplanned secondary analysis of a prospective clinical trial (SentiDose) we reported on skin staining after SPIO and blue dye (BD) injections. For SPIO, either a 1.5 mL retroareolar injection on the day of surgery or a 1.0 mL peritumoral/retroareolar injection 1-7 days before surgery was given. A 1.0 mL sub-/intradermal periareolar injection of BD was also administered to all these women. Staining was then assessed at 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery...

Due to their interesting size-dependent magnetic characteristics and relative biocompatibility, magnetic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have been widely exploited as probes for cell and subcellular structure identification, as well as medication and gene delivery. A thorough understanding of the mechanics of the interaction between nanoparticles and macrophages is vital in managing dynamic processes in nanomedicine. In this study, the interaction behavior and uptake of SPIO nanoparticles by M1- and M2-type macrophages were investigated...