recurrent miscarriages

RESEARCH QUESTION: Is ovarian stimulation with levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in situ and co-treatment with letrozole safe and effective in patients undergoing fertility-sparing combined treatment for atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) or early endometrial cancer limited to the endometrium? DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study recruiting women who had undergone fertility-sparing 'combined' treatment and ovarian stimulation with letrozole and LNG-IUS in situ...

Hypoandrogenemia is not usually considered as a potential cause of recurrent miscarriage. We present the case of a 30-year-old female with 6 previous pregnancies resulting in one live birth and 5 pregnancy losses, including fetal demise at 24 weeks gestation. She had standard investigations after her 4th loss, at a specialized miscarriage clinic. Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, thyroid function, parental karyotypes were all normal. Fetal products confirmed triploidy for her 4th miscarriage at 16 weeks gestation...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical features and pregnancy outcomes in patients experiencing recurrent miscarriage (RM) with either low-titer or medium-high titer positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for patients with aPL positivity and recurrent miscarriage between 2018 and 2022. The clinical features, treatment strategies, outcomes were compared between the patients with low (n = 92) and medium (n = 32) titer of aPL...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have linked recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) to abnormalities in the sperm genome, specifically microdeletions in the azoospermia factor (AZF) region. This study investigated the potential association between Y chromosome microdeletions in the AZF region and RPL in Iranian couples. METHODS: The research presents a case-control study of 240 men: 120 whose partners experienced recurrent miscarriage, and 120 who had successful pregnancies without history of miscarriage...

PROBLEM: To evaluate the correlation between the antiannexin A5 antibodies (aAnxA5) multiples of median (MOM) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent miscarriage (RM). METHODS: Totally, 310 RM women were included in this study and grouped into tertiles according to their MOM of preconception aAnxA5 circulating levels determined by ELISA. The effect of aAnxA5 on the pregnancy outcomes was performed using multiple logistic regression. The outcomes included early miscarriage (before 10 weeks of gestation), late miscarriage (between 10 and 24 weeks), ongoing pregnancy (beyond 10 weeks), and live birth (after 24 weeks) characterized by pregnancy with fetal heartbeat...

CONTEXT: Chromosomal abnormalities in embryos are the most common cause of early spontaneous abortions. Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (OMIM 607872) is the most common subtelomeric, terminal microdeletion syndrome. OBJECTIVE: The study intended to analyze miscarriage samples using chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), to explore the mechanism of chromosomal aberrations, and to identify the recurrence risk and a prenatal diagnostic strategy for couples experiencing spontaneous abortions...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1% to 5% of couples trying to conceive. Despite extensive clinical and laboratory testing, half of the RM cases remain unexplained. We report the genetic analysis of a couple with eight miscarriages and the search for their potential genetic etiology. METHODS: Short tandem repeat (STR) markers, single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) microarray, and human DNA methylation microarray were used to analyze the genotypes of two miscarriages...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Zishen Yutai pills (ZYP), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, was listed in China in 1981. It is composed of 15 traditional Chinese medicines and has the effects of regulating menstruation, helping pregnancy, and preventing abortion. In clinical practice, it is effective in preventing habitual and threatened miscarriages, and continuing to explore its mechanism of action is very meaningful research. AIM OF THE STUDY: To explore the possible mechanism of ZYP promoting angiogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA)...

The effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for patients with unexplained recurrent implantation failure (uRIF) remains debated. We retrospectively analysed outcomes of uRIF patients treated with IVIg compared to a separate control uRIF cohort within our center (01/2014-12/2021). Primary outcomes included live birth, miscarriage, or transfer failure. We documented IVIg side effects and maternal/fetal outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess for association of IVIg exposure with outcomes and adjust for confounders...

Early defects in placenta development are thought to underlie a range of adverse pregnancy conditions including miscarriage, fetal growth abnormalities, preeclampsia, and stillbirth. Differentiating trophoblast stem cells undergo a choreographed allocation of syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast cells in response to signaling cues from the developing fetus and the uterine environment. The expression and activity of transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes change during differentiation to appropriately reshape the chromatin landscape in each cell type...

BACKGROUND: Inherited thrombophilia (IT) has a complex pathophysiology and is associated with recurrent miscarriage (RM) by causing placental insufficiency and inhibiting fetal development. However, thrombophilia screening in unexplained RM cases is still questionable. This study aimed to investigate the association between the common eight IT mutations and their combinations among Palestinian women with unexplained RM. METHODS: This is an unmatched case-control study with 200 women (100 unexplained RM cases, 100 controls)...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) represents a vague clinical condition with an unclear diagnostic challenge that lacks solid scientific underpinning. Although euploid embryos have demonstrated consistent implantation capabilities across various age groups, a unanimous agreement regarding the advantages of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) in managing RIF is absent. The ongoing discussion about whether chromosomal aneuploidy in embryos significantly contributes to recurrent implantation failure remains unsettled...

PROBLEM: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) after multiple embryo transfers remains a vexing problem and immunomodulators have been used with conflicting results. This study aims to assess the effect of immunomodulation therapy on live birth rate (LBR) in women with RIF undergoing assisted reproduction treatment (ART). METHOD OF STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study in multicentre network of private assisted conception units in the UK. The study included women who had at least two failed attempts of embryo transfers at CARE fertility network in the period from 1997 to 2018...

Objective Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a significant challenge in assisted reproduction. Genratest has emerged as a potential tool to identify the displaced window of implantation (WOI). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of this test on the pregnancy outcomes of RIF patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 143 RIF patients who were categorized into two groups: the personalized embryo transfer (pET, n=69) group and standard embryo transfer (sET, n=74) group. The main measured outcomes were clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates...

STUDY QUESTION: Is exposure to dydrogesterone a risk factor for congenital anomalies when given in the first trimester for recurrent/threatened pregnancy loss or as luteal support in assisted reproductive technology (ART)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Dydrogesterone, when given in the first trimester for recurrent/threatened pregnancy loss or as luteal support in ART, is not a relevant additional risk factor for congenital anomalies. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Despite large clinical trials and meta-analyses that show no association between dydrogesterone and congenital anomalies, some recently retracted publications have postulated an association with teratogenicity...

Miscarriages affect 50-70% of all conceptions and 15-20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL, ≥2 miscarriages) affects 1-5% of recognized pregnancies. Nevertheless, our knowledge about the etiologies and pathophysiology of RPL is incomplete, and thus, reliable diagnostic/preventive tools are not yet available. Here, we aimed to define the diagnostic value of three placental proteins for RPL: human chorionic gonadotropin free beta-subunit (free-β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and placental growth factor (PlGF)...

In the field of human in vitro fertilization (IVF), selecting the best oocyte for freezing or embryo for transfer remains an important focus of clinical practice. Although several techniques are and have been used for this goal, results have generally not been favorable and/or are invasive such that damage to some embryos occurs, resulting in a reduced number of healthy births. Therefore, the search continues for non-invasive oocyte and embryo quality markers that signal the development of high-quality embryos...

Defects of human trophoblast cells may induce miscarriage (abnormal early embryo loss), which is generally regulated by lncRNAs. Ferroptosis is a newly identified iron-dependent programmed cell death. Hypoxia is an important and unavoidable feature in mammalian cells. However, whether hypoxia might induce trophoblast cell ferroptosis and then induce miscarriage, as well as regulated by a lncRNA, was completely unknown. In this work, we discovered at the first time that hypoxia could result in ferroptosis of human trophoblast cells and then induce miscarriage...

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests common pathways between pregnancy losses and subsequent long-term maternal morbidity, rendering pregnancy complications an early chronic disease marker. There is a plethora of studies exploring associations between miscarriage and stillbirth with long-term adverse maternal health; however, these data are inconclusive. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, BNI, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library with relevant keywords and MeSH terms from inception to June 2023 (no language restrictions)...

Congenital malformations of the female genital organs are rare anomalies and their incidence is estimated to be up to 7% in the general population. Müllerian ducts abnormalities are one of the causes of infertility and occur in approximately 16% of women with recurrent miscarriages. Sex development disorders are diagnosed at different stages of the patient's life depending on the accompanying ailments. Alarming signs of genital malformations include primary amenorrhea or dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and periodic abdominal pain...