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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristina Valavičiūtė-Pocienė, Gabrielė Kalinauskaitė, Carolina Romeiro Fernandes Chagas, Rasa Bernotienė
Avian haemosporidian parasites are spread worldwide and pose a threat to their hosts occasionally. A complete life cycle of these parasites requires two hosts: vertebrate and invertebrate (a blood-sucking insect that acts as a vector). In this study, we tested wild-caught mosquitoes for haemosporidian infections. Mosquitoes were collected (2021-2023) in several localities in Lithuania using a sweeping net and a CDC trap baited with CO2 , morphologically identified, and preparations of salivary glands were prepared (from females collected in 2022-2023)...
May 21, 2024: Acta Tropica
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felipe Dutra-Rêgo, Camila Binder, Débora Cristina Capucci, Talita Pereira Vaz, José Dilermando Andrade Filho, Gilberto Fontes, Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo
This study investigated the sand fly fauna of the municipality Iguatama, in the Midwest Region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, including Leishmania infection rates and blood meal sources. Sand flies were collected during four periods over the course of a single year, encompassing both dry and rainy seasons, using CDC light traps placed in peridomiciles where dogs were seropositive for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). A total of 762 sand fly specimens, representing 12 species across seven genera, were collected. Lutzomyia longipalpis was the most abundant species, comprising 57...
2024: PloS One
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Anne J Guagliardo, Ian Kracalik, Rosalind J Carter, Christopher Braden, Rebecca Free, Mukesh Hamal, Alexandra Tuttle, Andrea M McCollum, Agam K Rao
Two doses of JYNNEOS vaccine are effective in preventing many mpox cases and can reduce the severity of symptoms in infected persons. However, infections among fully vaccinated persons can occur. During May 2022-May 2024, a total of 271 mpox cases among fully vaccinated persons were reported to CDC from 27 U.S. jurisdictions. These reported infections are estimated to have occurred in <1% of fully vaccinated persons. Compared with cases among unvaccinated persons, infections among fully vaccinated persons were more likely to occur among non-Hispanic White men aged 30-39 years, were associated with increased numbers of sexual partners, and resulted in less severe disease (p<0...
May 23, 2024: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Wang, Yicheng Guo, Logan T Schwanz, Ian A Mellis, Yiwei Sun, Yiming Qu, Guillaume Urtecho, Riccardo Valdez, Emily Stoneman, Aubree Gordon, Harris H Wang, David D Ho, Lihong Liu
As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and mutate, tracking the viral evolutionary trajectory and understanding the functional consequences of its mutations remain crucial. Here, we characterized the antibody evasion, ACE2 receptor engagement, and viral infectivity of the highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.2.87.1. Compared with other Omicron subvariants, including EG.5.1 and the current predominant JN.1, BA.2.87.1 exhibits less immune evasion, reduced viral receptor engagement, and comparable infectivity in Calu-3 lung cells...
May 23, 2024: Emerging Microbes & Infections
#25
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Nora E Burroni, Mariela H Miño, Andrea N Ávalos
The most widely used attractant to capture adult female mosquitoes is CO2 . However, there are also baits available on the market that emit a scent resembling human skin. These baits were specifically designed to attract highly anthropophilic species such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. In this study, we compare the effectiveness of CDC traps baited either with CO2 or with a commercial blend simulating skin odor, BG-Sweetscent, for trapping female mosquitoes during daylight hours in an urban reserve in the City of Buenos Aires...
May 23, 2024: Parasitology Research
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel J Kearns, Aizhan Kyzayeva, Lucy O E Halliday, Deborah A Lawlor, Martin Shaw, Scott M Nelson
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of labour epidural on severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and to explore whether this effect might be greater in women with a medical indication for epidural analgesia during labour, or with preterm labour. DESIGN: Population based study. SETTING: All NHS hospitals in Scotland. PARTICIPANTS: 567 216 women in labour at 24+0 to 42+6 weeks' gestation between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2019, delivering vaginally or through unplanned caesarean section...
May 22, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamza Ashraf, Haider Ashfaq, Sophia Ahmed, Ali Ashraf
BACKGROUND: In the 20th century, influenza and pneumonia constituted the largest proportion of infectious disease deaths in the United States (US). Despite progress in management, US mortality trends for these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVES: We aim to examine the patterns of influenza and pneumonia-related deaths among US residents, stratified by demographic factors such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and census region. METHODS: Crude death rates (CR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 individuals were calculated using influenza and pneumonia mortality data (ICD-10 Codes: J09-J18) from CDC WONDER database...
May 20, 2024: American Journal of Infection Control
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A M Szewc, B W Humrighouse, K Livingston, C A Gulvik, A C Nicholson, J R McQuiston
Haematospirillum jordaniae is a gram-negative bacterium that has been identified in the blood of septic patients. The environmental source or potential zoonotic host of this bacterium, recently described as a human bacterial pathogen is unknown. An increasing number of H. jordaniae clinical infections identified by our laboratory suggested the need for an assay to detect this organism in order to aid clinical teams and practitioners with faster identification and treatment thus improving patient prognosis. Described here is a real-time qualitative PCR assay designed using gene targets identified from the analysis of 14 H...
April 24, 2024: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice B S Nono Djotsa, Theresa H Nguyen Wenker, Sarah T Ahmed, Saurendro Ghosh, Deeksha Malhotra, Stephen H Boyle, Elizabeth J Gifford, Kellie J Sims, Donna L White, Lea Steele, Drew A Helmer
INTRODUCTION: Excess rates of Gulf War illness (GWI) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), two chronic multisymptom illnesses, have long been documented among nearly 700,000 veterans who served in the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War. We sought to report the prevalence, characteristics, and association of GWI and IBS decades after the war in a clinical cohort of deployed Gulf War veterans (GWVs) who were evaluated at the Department of Veterans Affairs' War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC) for unexplained chronic symptoms...
May 21, 2024: Military Medicine
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sehun Oh, Manuel Cano, Yeonwoo Kim
BACKGROUND: Drug mortality risks vary among industries, creating distinctive geographic patterns across US counties. However, less is known about how local labor market structure relates to drug overdose mortality amid the synthetic opioid era in the United States. This study investigates the relationship between industry-specific job composition and drug overdose mortality at the county level while exploring how fentanyl's presence in illicit drug supplies may moderate the relationship...
May 21, 2024: American Journal of Industrial Medicine
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nora Chea, Taniece Eure, Rebecca Alkis Ramirez, Maria Zlotorzynska, Gregory T Blazek, Joelle Nadle, Jane Lee, Christopher A Czaja, Helen Johnston, Devra Barter, Melissa Kellogg, Catherine Emanuel, James Meek, Monica Brackney, Stacy Carswell, Stepy Thomas, Scott K Fridkin, Lucy E Wilson, Rebecca Perlmutter, Kaytlynn Marceaux-Galli, Ashley Fell, Sara Lovett, Sarah Lim, Ruth Lynfield, Sarah Shrum Davis, Erin C Phipps, Marla Sievers, Ghinwa Dumyati, Christopher Myers, Christine Hurley, Erin Licherdell, Rebecca Pierce, Valerie L S Ocampo, Eric W Hall, Christopher Wilson, Cullen Adre, Erika Kirtz, Tiffanie M Markus, Kathryn Billings, Ian D Plumb, Glen R Abedi, Jade James-Gist, Shelley S Magill, Cheri T Grigg
BACKGROUND: Understanding characteristics of healthcare personnel (HCP) with SARS-CoV-2 infection supports the development and prioritization of interventions to protect this important workforce. We report detailed characteristics of HCP who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from April 20, 2020 through December 31, 2021. METHODS: CDC collaborated with Emerging Infections Program sites in 10 states to interview HCP with SARS-CoV-2 infection (case-HCP) about their demographics, underlying medical conditions, healthcare roles, exposures, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and COVID-19 vaccination status...
May 21, 2024: Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology
#32
Dinuka Ariyaratne, Bhagya Senadheera, Heshan Kuruppu, Tibutius Thanesh Pramanayagam Jayadas, Laksiri Gomes, Diyanath Ranasinghe, Farha Bary, Ananda Wijewickrama, Sully Márquez Aguilar, Shannon Bennett, Chandima Jeewandara, Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
UNLABELLED: As many other countries, Sri Lanka experienced a marked rise in the number of dengue cases in 2023, with an unusual pattern of disease epidemiology. This rise coincided with the emergence of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 3 in Sri Lanka as the predominant serotype after 2009. Interestingly, a discrepancy between NS1 rapid antigen test positivity and quantitative real time PCR positivity was observed, with 50% of NS1 positive samples being negative by molecular diagnostics. Following sequencing of the DENV-3 strains in 2023, we identified two DENV-3 genotypes (I and III) co-circulating...
May 9, 2024: medRxiv
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Liu, Juntao Yu, Kaiwen Sun, Qin Song, Yuling Li, Yanyun He, Yanrong Wang, Gang Xu, Changyu Wang, Bo Chen
INTRODUCTION: CM313 is currently under clinical investigation for treatments of multiple myeloma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune thrombocytopenia. We aimed to report the preclinical profile of the novel therapeutic anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) CM313, with an emphasis on the difference with other CD38-targeting mAb. METHODS: The binding of CM313 to CD38 recombinant protein across species was assessed using ELISA. The binding of CM313 to CD38-positive (CD38+ ) cells was detected using flow cytometry assays...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuetong Zhang, Sripriya Nannu Shankar, William B Vass, John A Lednicky, Z Hugh Fan, Duzgun Agdas, Robert Makuch, Chang-Yu Wu
As SARS-CoV-2 swept across the globe, increased ventilation and implementation of air cleaning were emphasized by the US CDC and WHO as important strategies to reduce the risk of inhalation exposure to the virus. To assess whether higher ventilation and air cleaning rates lead to lower exposure risk to SARS-CoV-2, 1274 manuscripts published between April 2020 and September 2022 were screened using key words "airborne SARS-CoV-2 or "SARS-CoV-2 aerosol". Ninety-three studies involved air sampling at locations with known sources (hospitals and residences) were selected and associated data were compiled...
2024: Aerosol Science and Technology: the Journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel Griffin, Isha Berry, Terese Navarra, Lalita Priyamvada, William C Carson, Adi Noiman, David A Jackson, Michelle A Waltenburg, Will Still, Leah Lujan, Jason Beverly, Christina Willut, Michelle Lee, Anil Mangla, Victoria Shelus, Christina L Hutson, Michael B Townsend, Panayampalli S Satheshkumar
We assessed early antibody responses after two doses of JYNNEOS (IMVANEX) mpox vaccine in the District of Columbia (D.C.) in persons at high risk for mpox without characteristic lesions or rash. Participants with PCR mpox negative specimens (oral swab, blood, and/or rectal swab) on the day of receipt of the first vaccine dose and who provided a baseline (day 0) serum sample and at least one serum sample at ∼28, ∼42-56 days, or 180 days post vaccination were included in this analysis...
May 17, 2024: Vaccine
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel L Sax, Christopher D McFarland, Bryan T Carroll
BACKGROUND: Clinical genetic tests are integral to healthcare decision-making. However, the unclear regulatory framework, especially regarding products that evade stringent FDA oversight, may compromise test validity and transparency. OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the DecisionDx® cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma test by Castle Biosciences for its dataset biases, gene panel selection, and reported accuracy metrics, providing insight into broader challenges in the clinical genetic testing landscape...
May 16, 2024: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yueyang Zhang, Ying Chen, Bo Wang, Ying Cai, Menghang Zhang, Xin Guo, Aobo Wu, Weidong Wang, Na Liu, Xianping Wang, Yongsheng Gong, Jicheng Pan, Yanxia Jin
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to explore natural and nontoxic drugs to treat lung cancer. In this study, the natural active ingredient AANL extracted from Agrocybe aegirita was used to modify nanoselenium by an oxidation-reduction method. Transmission electron microscope detection and infrared spectroscopy showed that a novel selenium nanocomposite named AANL-SeNPs was successfully prepared. The results of nanoscale characterization showed that AANL-SeNPs had good stability and uniform dispersion in aqueous solution by zeta potential and spectrum analysis...
May 15, 2024: Bioorganic Chemistry
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hikaru G Jolliffe, Martin Prostredny, Carlota Mendez Torrecillas, Ecaterina Bordos, Collette Tierney, Ebenezer Ojo, Richard Elkes, Gavin Reynolds, Yunfei Li Song, Bernhard Meir, Sara Fathollahi, John Robertson
Continuous Direct Compaction (CDC) has emerged as a promising route towards producing solid dosage forms while reducing material, development time and energy consumption. Understanding the response of powder processing unit operations, especially blenders, is crucial. There is a substantial body of work around how lubrication via batch blender operation affects tablet critical quality attributes such as hardness and tensile strength. But, aside from being batch operations, the design of these blenders is such that they operate with low-shear, low-intensity mixing at Froude number values significantly below 0...
May 15, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gwladys Chavely Monamele, Desmon Toutou Tsafack, Chanceline Ndongo Bilounga, Mohamadou Njankouo Ripa, Christian Nsangou Yogne, Hermann Landry Munshili Njifon, Felix Nkom, Ubald Tamoufe, Linda Esso, Fancioli Koro Koro, Ronald Perraut, Richard Njouom
BACKGROUND: Influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are both respiratory viruses with similar clinical manifestations and modes of transmission. This study describes influenza data before and during the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) in Cameroon and SARS-CoV-2 data during the pandemic period. METHODS: The study ran from 2017 to 2022, and data were divided into two periods: before (2017-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic...
May 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Romer, Shawn T Patterson, Patrick E Jamieson, Kathleen Hall Jamieson
Despite differential uptake of COVID-19 vaccination between Black and non-Hispanic White Americans early in the pandemic, the gap narrowed over time. We tested five hypotheses that could explain the reduction in the disparity. Using a national probability panel of over 1800 individuals surveyed from April 2021 to July 2022, we assessed receipt of recommended doses of COVID-19 vaccines along with (a) reported exposure to deaths due to COVID-19, (b) trust in US health authorities, such as the CDC, (c) knowledge about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination, (d) media use as a source of information, and (e) access to COVID-19 vaccines...
May 17, 2024: Journal of Health Communication
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