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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trine Husby, Knut Johannessen, Erik Magnus Berntsen, Håkon Johansen, Guro Fanneløb Giskeødegård, Anna Karlberg, Unn-Merete Fagerli, Live Eikenes
BACKGROUND: This PET/MRI study compared contrast-enhanced MRI, 18 F-FACBC-, and 18 F-FDG-PET in the detection of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) in patients before and after high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy. Three immunocompetent PCNSL patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma received dynamic 18 F-FACBC- and 18 F-FDG-PET/MRI at baseline and response assessment. Lesion detection was defined by clinical evaluation of contrast enhanced T1 MRI (ce-MRI) and visual PET tracer uptake...
January 31, 2024: EJNMMI Rep
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul Witte, Marco Rossi, Henning Fischer, Michael Christ
Streptococcus pyogenes is a human pathogenic, gram positive bacterium that primarily leads to pharyngitis or soft tissue infections. Primary peritonitis caused by S. pyogenes infection is rare and there are only a few published cases worldwide. Primary peritonitis due to other pathogens occurs in immunosuppressed conditions such as HIV or other chronic diseases. However, younger, healthy women are more likely to be affected by S. pyogenes peritonitis. At present, the underlying molecular mechanisms can only be speculated on...
May 15, 2024: Inn Med (Heidelb)
#3
D A Rauch, P Valiño Ramos, M Khanfar, J Harding, A Joseph, O Griffith, M Griffith, L Ratner
UNLABELLED: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a complex tumor caused by KS-associated herpesvirus 8 (KSHV). Histological analysis reveals a mixture of "spindle cells", vascular-like spaces, extravasated erythrocytes, and immune cells. In order to elucidate the infected and uninfected cell types in KS tumors, we examined skin and blood samples from twelve subjects by single cell RNA sequence analyses. Two populations of KSHV-infected cells were identified, one of which represented a proliferative fraction of lymphatic endothelial cells, and the second represented an angiogenic population of vascular endothelial tip cells...
May 3, 2024: bioRxiv
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline M Hull, Daniel Larcombe-Young, Roberta Mazza, Molly George, David M Davies, Anna Schurich, John Maher
Interleukin (IL)18 is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that is activated upon caspase 1 cleavage of the latent precursor, pro-IL18. Therapeutic T-cell armoring with IL18 promotes autocrine stimulation and positive modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, existing strategies are imperfect since they involve constitutive/ poorly regulated activity, or fail to modify the TME. Here, we have substituted the caspase 1 cleavage site within pro-IL18 with that preferred by granzyme B, yielding GzB-IL18...
May 14, 2024: Molecular Therapy
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta S Dos Reis, Sathish Selvam, Marc C E Wagner, Velpandi Ayyavoo
The development of 3D-organoid models has revolutionized the way diseases are studied. Recently, our brain organoid model has been shown to recapitulate in in vitro the human brain cytoarchitecture originally encountered in HIV-1 neuropathogenesis, allowing downstream applications. Infected monocytes, macrophages, and microglia are critically important immune cells for infection and dissemination of HIV-1 throughout brain during acute and chronic phase of the disease. Once in the brain parenchyma, long-lived infected monocytes/macrophages along with resident microglia contribute to the establishment of CNS latency in people with HIV (PWH)...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miran Tang, Zhuocheng Yao, Yan Liu, Zhexiao Ma, Deyi Zhao, Zhenzhi Mao, Yue Wang, Lijiang Chen, Tieli Zhou
Highly encapsulated hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) causes severe infections. Bacteriophage therapy, an antibiotic alternative, effectively treats bacterial infections. Phage φFK1979 encoding polysaccharide depolymerases can target and disarm the capsule of hvKp FK1979, showing promise against FK1979 infection. Resistant strains induced by φFK1979 are possibly eliminated by host immunity and new phage phiR3 targeting them. We constructed varied immunocompromised FK1979 infection mouse models to assess the therapy efficacy of φFK1979 alone or in combination with phiR3...
May 14, 2024: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
#7
Elizabeth Escamilla Chávez, Julio César Delgado Arce, Edinson David Berrio Perea, Abraham Gallegos Pedraza, Ana Itiel Jimenez Ávila, David Eduardo Aguirre Quezada, Pablo David Guerrero Suárez
BACKGROUND: Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a very rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The bilateral pattern, as we call it "mirror type", has been identified in other CNS lesions such as gliomas, metastases, and demyelinating lesions, so the differential diagnosis includes imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging contrasted with spectroscopy, ruling out immunodeficiency or metastatic disease. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 65-year-old female presented progressing headache, loss of memory and language alterations, as well as sensory alterations...
2024: Surgical Neurology International
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suresh Bugide, Dhana Sekhar Reddy, Parmanand Malvi, Romi Gupta, Narendra Wajapeyee
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) currently lacks effective therapies, leaving a critical need for new treatment options. A previous study identified the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) amplification in HCC patients, raising the question of whether ALK inhibitors could be a viable treatment. Here, we showed that both ALK inhibitors and ALK knockout effectively halted HCC growth in cell cultures. Lorlatinib, a potent ALK inhibitor, suppressed HCC tumor growth and metastasis across various mouse models. Additionally, in an advanced immunocompetent humanized mouse model, when combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody, lorlatinib more potently suppressed HCC tumor growth, surpassing individual drug efficacy...
May 17, 2024: IScience
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Zhong, Yining Cao, Xiaoyu Geng, Shujin Yang, Tianmei Qian, Chun Liu, Jinling Chen
BACKGROUND: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is capable of infecting nearly all warm-blooded animals and approximately 30% of the global population. Though most infections are subclinical in immunocompetent individuals, congenital contraction can lead to severe consequences such as spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and a range of cranio-cerebral and/or ocular abnormalities. Previous studies reported that T. gondii-infected pregnancy mice unveiled a deficit in both the amount and suppressive functions of regulatory T (Treg) cells, accompanied with reduced levels of forkhead box p3 (Foxp3)...
May 13, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng Zhang, Yi Wan, Jinrong Ma, Jin Gong, Ziwei Zhong, Yuxin Cui, Hongli Zhang, Yanyan Da, Junpeng Ma, Chenxi Li, Lijuan Liu, Tian Gong, Youwen Tan, Chengsheng Zhang
Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) reversibly catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate or lactate to pyruvate and expressed in various malignancies. However, the role of LDHB in modulating immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. Here, we found that down-regulation of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) was coupled with the promoter hypermethylation and knocking down the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT 3A) restored LDHB expression levels in HCC cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis of the HCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed a significant positive correlation between LDHB expression and immune regulatory signaling pathways and immune cell infiltrations...
May 13, 2024: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy: CII
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Tejera-Vaquerizo, Álvaro Gómez-Tomás, Ane Jaka, Agustín Toll, María Del Río, Carla Ferrándiz-Pulido, María J Fuente, Cristian Carrasco, Francisco M Almazán-Fernández, Tomás Toledo-Pastrana, Ada Ferrer-Fuertes, Simone Ribero, Gianluca Avallone, Javier Cañueto, Jorge Santos-Juanes, Onofre Sanmartín
BACKGROUND: The survival benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients with high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has not been established. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether SLNB improves disease-specific survival (DSS) in high-risk cSCC. Secondary objectives were to analyse disease-free survival, nodal recurrence-free survival and overall survival (OS). METHODS: Multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort study comparing survival outcomes in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients treated with SLNB or watchful waiting...
May 13, 2024: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuqi Xing, Feiyu Zhang, Tian Yang, Chunhui Yin, Angang Yang, Bo Yan, Jing Zhao
Pyroptosis is a well-documented form of programmed cell death caused by the gasdermin-driven perforation of cell membranes. Selective induction of pyroptosis in tumor cells represents a promising antitumor strategy to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, we established a recombinant protein-based immunopyroptotin strategy that led to the intratumoral induction of pyroptosis for HER2-directed therapy. Long-lasting immunopyroptotins were constructed by sequentially fusing the humanized anti-HER2 single-chain antibody P1h3, albumin-binding peptide (ABD035 or dAb7h8), cathepsin B-cleavable peptide B2, endosome-disruptive peptide E5C3, and active pyroptotic effector gasdermin D-N fragment (GN)...
May 15, 2024: Heliyon
#13
REVIEW
Sayumi Fujimori, Izumi Ohigashi
The establishment of an adaptive immune system is critical for protecting our bodies from neoplastic cancers and invading pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. As a primary lymphoid organ, the thymus generates lymphoid T cells that play a major role in the adaptive immune system. T cell generation in the thymus is controlled by interactions between thymocytes and other thymic cells, primarily thymic epithelial cells. Thus, the normal development and function of thymic epithelial cells are important for the generation of immunocompetent and self-tolerant T cells...
2024: Journal of Medical Investigation: JMI
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin-Yu Zhang, Jian-Bo Shi, Shu-Fang Jin, Rui-Jie Wang, Ming-Yu Li, Zhi-Yuan Zhang, Xi Yang, Hai-Long Ma
BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprograming and immune escape are two hallmarks of cancer. However, how metabolic disorders drive immune escape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic landscape of HNSCC and its mechanism of driving immune escape. METHODS: Analysis of paired tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 69 HNSCC patients was performed using liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing...
May 12, 2024: Cancer Communications
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Georgievski, Pierre-Simon Bellaye, Benjamin Tournier, Hélène Choubley, Jean-Paul Pais de Barros, Michaële Herbst, Arnaud Béduneau, Patrick Callier, Bertrand Collin, Frédérique Végran, Paola Ballerini, Carmen Garrido, Ronan Quéré
We created valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes (Val-ILs) using the antitumor prodrug valrubicin, a hydrophobic analog of daunorubicin. Being lipophilic, valrubicin readily incorporated Val-lLs that were loaded with specific antibodies. Val-ILs injected intravenously rapidly reached the bone marrow and spleen, indicating their potential to effectively target cancer cells in these areas. Following the transplantation of human pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in immunodeficient NSG mice, we generated patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, which were treated with Val-ILs loaded with antibodies to target CD19, CD7 or CD33...
May 11, 2024: Cell Death & Disease
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Abril-Pérez, Miguel Mansilla-Polo, Begoña Escutia-Muñoz, Onofre Sanmartín, Joan R Garcés, Manuel A Rodríguez-Prieto, Verónica Ruiz-Salas, Esther de Eusebio-Murillo, Román Miñano-Medrano, Beatriz González-Sixto, Juan L Artola-Igarza, Alberto Alfaro-Rubio, Pedro Redondo, Yolanda Delgado-Jiménez, Julia M Sánchez-Schmidt, Irati Allende-Markixana, María L Alonso-Pacheco, Beatriz García-Bracamonte, Pablo de la Cueva-Dobao, Raquel Navarro-Tejedor, Cristina Ciudad-Blanco, Lucía Carnero-González, Hugo Vázquez-Veiga, Natividad Cano-Martínez, Carlos Serra-Guillén, Eva Vilarrasa, Pedro Sánchez-Sambucety, José L López-Estebaranz, Ángeles Flórez-Menéndez, Antonio Martorell-Calatayud, Pilar Gil, Victoriano Morales-Gordillo, Agustí Toll, Izascun Ocerin-Guerra, Matías Mayor-Arenal, Ricardo Suárez-Fernández, Laura Sainz-Gaspar, Miguel A Descalzo, Ignacio Garcia-Doval, Rafael Botella-Estrada
BACKGROUND: Immunosuppressed (IS) patients, particularly solid organ transplant recipients and those on immunosuppressive therapy, face a higher incidence and recurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the preferred treatment for high-risk NMSC due to its high cure rate and margin examination capabilities. However, IS patients may experience more complications, such as surgical site infections, and a greater risk of recurrence, making their outcomes a subject of interest...
May 11, 2024: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
#17
REVIEW
McKayla Poppens, Amanda Ruci, Jeremy Davis
Background/Objectives: Cidofovir, an antiviral drug approved for cytomegalovirus retinitis, has emerged as an alternative treatment option for virally induced cutaneous and mucocutaneous conditions, as well as being trialed as a treatment for select neoplasms. In this review, we highlight the existing evidence, clinical uses, and rationale of using cidofovir for the treatment of cutaneous pathologies. Methods: A PubMed database literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles for inclusion in this review...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasa Vemuri, Nicholas Kratholm, Darini Nagarajan, Dakotah Cathey, Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail, Yi Tan, Alex Straughn, Lu Cai, Jiapeng Huang, Sham S Kakar
In our previous studies, we showed that the generation of ovarian tumors in NSG mice (immune-compromised) resulted in the induction of muscle and cardiac cachexia, and treatment with withaferin A (WFA; a steroidal lactone) attenuated both muscle and cardiac cachexia. However, our studies could not address if these restorations by WFA were mediated by its anti-tumorigenic properties that might, in turn, reduce the tumor burden or WFA's direct, inherent anti-cachectic properties. To address this important issue, in our present study, we used a cachectic model induced by the continuous infusion of Ang II by implanting osmotic pumps in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice...
May 3, 2024: Cells
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiayan Zhu, Feng Wang, Lining Wang, Bo Dai, Guilin Xu, Luyao Zhao, Huimin Jiang, Wenhui Gao, Tingting Zhang, Chenxi Zhao, Yun-Xuan Li, Jiong Hu, Ke Li
Peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous and aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown inhibitory effects on PTCL. A better understanding of the therapeutic mechanism underlying the effects of HDAC inhibitors could help improve treatment strategies. Here, we found that high expression of HDAC3 is associated with poor prognosis in PTCL. HDAC3 inhibition suppressed lymphoma growth in immunocompetent mice but not in immunodeficient mice. HDAC3 deletion delayed the progression of lymphoma, reduced the lymphoma burden in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes, and prolonged the survival of mice bearing MNU-induced lymphoma...
May 8, 2024: Cancer Research
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siok Ping Yeo, Lindsay Kua, Jin Wei Tan, Joanna Kristyn Lim, Fiona Hs Wong, May Delos Santos, Chek Meng Poh, Angeline Xh Goh, Xin Yu Koh, Xiaohua Zhou, Ravisankar Rajarethinam, Qingfeng Chen, Zhisheng Her, Ivan D Horak, Lionel Low, Kar Wai Tan
Encouraged by our observations of pronounced B7-H3 protein over-expression in many human solid tumors compared to healthy tissues, we focused on targeting B7-H3 with CAR T cells. We utilized a nanobody as the t B7-H3 targeting domain in our CAR construct to circumvent the stability issues associated with scFv-based domains. In efforts to expand patient access to CAR T cell therapy, we engineered our nanobody-based CAR into human Epstein-Barr Virus Specific T Cells (EBVSTs), offering a readily available off-the-shelf treatment...
May 8, 2024: Cancer Res Commun
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