keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38240203/mitral-annulus-calcium-score-in-patients-with-calcific-mitral-stenosis-undergoing-invasive-hemodynamic-assessment
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdallah El Sabbagh, Pragnesh Parikh, Jordan Ray, Rick A Nishimura, Sorin V Pislaru, Patricia A Pellikka, Mayra Guerrero, Alexander Hochwald, William R Miranda
BACKGROUND: Aortic valve calcium score is associated with hemodynamic severity of aortic stenosis. Whether this association is present in calcific mitral stenosis remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with mitral stenosis secondary to mitral annular calcification (MAC) undergoing transseptal catheterization. All patients underwent invasive mitral valve assessment via direct left atrial and left ventricular pressure measurement...
January 19, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38227452/cardiovascular-disease-other-common-arrhythmias
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel M Guess, Robert L Gauer
Premature atrial contractions (PACs) occur in nearly all individuals. Although typically asymptomatic, they can cause palpitations. PACs previously were considered benign, but there is increasing recognition that frequent PACs are associated with developing atrial fibrillation. After potentially reversible causes (eg, electrolyte abnormalities, hyperthyroidism) are eliminated, symptomatic PACs can be treated with beta blockers; some patients are candidates for ablation. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) also are common, occurring in more than two-thirds of the population...
January 2024: FP Essentials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38202054/catecholaminergic-polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia-multiple-clinical-presentations-of-a-genetically-determined-disease
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stjepan Jurisic, Argelia Medeiros-Domingo, Florian Berger, Christian Balmer, Corinna Brunckhorst, Frank Ruschitzka, Ardan M Saguner, Firat Duru
BACKGROUND: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare, inherited heart rhythm disorder that is caused by variants in genes responsible for cardiac calcium homeostasis. The aim of this study was to analyze different genotype-specific clinical manifestations of this disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed five CPVT cases from our institution in the context of specific patient characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlations. In this cohort, three of the index patients were male...
December 21, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38195705/upregulated-small-conductance-calcium-activated-potassium-currents-contribute-to-atrial-arrhythmogenesis-in-high-fat-feeding-mice
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei-Chung Tsai, Yi-Hsiung Lin, Chia-Hao Kuo, Shih-Jie Jhuo, Ruo-Yun Shih, Chun-Chieh Wu, I-Hsin Liu, Tien-Chi Huang, Ren-Ming Liu, Tsung-Hsien Lin, Ho-Ming Su, Wen-Ter Lai, Chien-Hung Lee, Bin-Nan Wu, Shien-Fong Lin, Hsiang-Chun Lee
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with arrhythmias and cardiovascular mortality. Arrhythmogenesis in MetS results from atrial structural and electrical remodeling. OBJECTIVE: The small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) currents modulate atrial repolarization and may influence atrial arrhythmogenicity. This study investigated the regulation of SK current perturbed by a high-fat diet (HFD) to mimic MetS. METHODS: Thirty mice were divided into two groups that were fed with normal chow (CTL) and HFD for 4 months...
January 9, 2024: Europace: European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189150/a-genomic-link-from-heart-failure-to-atrial-fibrillation-risk-fog2-modulates-a-tbx5-gata4-dependent-atrial-gene-regulatory-network
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael T Broman, Rangarajan D Nadadur, Carlos Perez-Cervantes, Ozanna Burnicka-Turek, Sonja Lazarevic, Anna Gams, Brigitte Laforest, Jeffrey D Steimle, Sabrina Iddir, Zhezhen Wang, Linsin Smith, Stefan R Mazurek, Harold E Olivey, Pingzhu Zhou, Margaret Gadek, Kaitlyn M Shen, Zoheb Khan, Joshua W M Theisen, Xinan H Yang, Kohta Ikegami, Igor R Efimov, William T Pu, Christopher R Weber, Elizabeth M McNally, Eric C Svensson, Ivan P Moskowitz
BACKGROUND: The relationship between heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is clear, with up to half of patients with HF progressing to AF. The pathophysiological basis of AF in the context of HF is presumed to result from atrial remodeling. Upregulation of the transcription factor FOG2 (friend of GATA2; encoded by ZFPM2 ) is observed in human ventricles during HF and causes HF in mice. METHODS: FOG2 expression was assessed in human atria. The effect of adult-specific FOG2 overexpression in the mouse heart was evaluated by whole animal electrophysiology, in vivo organ electrophysiology, cellular electrophysiology, calcium flux, mouse genetic interactions, gene expression, and genomic function, including a novel approach for defining functional transcription factor interactions based on overlapping effects on enhancer noncoding transcription...
January 8, 2024: Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38166608/incidence-and-outcome-of-laryngeal-edema-and-rhabdomyolysis-after-ingestion-of-black-rock
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aml Ahmed Sayed, Abdelrahman Hamdy Abdelrahman, Zein Elabdeen Ahmed Sayed, Marwa Ahmed Abdelhameid
BACKGROUND: Black rock, Kala Pathar or ParaPhenyleneDiamine (PPD), is an aromatic amine widely used as a hair dye ingredient and is also used in textile industries. However, when ingested, PPD is highly toxic resulting in angioneurotic edema, rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, toxic hepatitis, and myocarditis with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and outcome of laryngeal edema and rhabdomyolysis after ingestion of PPD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The current research was a cross-sectional study that was conducted at Aswan University Hospital, Aswan, Egypt, from December 2021 to December 2022...
January 2, 2024: International Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38160478/trpv2-inhibitor-tranilast-prevents-atrial-fibrillation-in-rat-models-of-pulmonary-hypertension
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianxin Ye, Zhuonan Song, Yunping Zhou, Zhangchi Liu, Yi Yu, Fangcong Yu, Yanan Chu, Jiaran Shi, Longbo Wang, Cui Zhang, Xin Liu, Bo Yang, Jinxiu Yang, Xingxiang Wang
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in pulmonary hypertension (PH), whereas the mechanisms and treatments remain to be explored. TRPV2 regulates the structure and function of the cardiovascular system; however, little attention has been given to its role in AF. This study was to determine whether TRPV2 was involved in PH-induced AF and the effects of TRPV2 inhibitor tranilast on AF in rat models of PH. Monocrotaline (MCT) and SU5416/hypoxia (SuHx)-induced PH models were performed to detect atrial electrophysiological parameters...
December 21, 2023: Cell Calcium
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38106916/mechanisms-of-pulmonary-arterial-hypertension-induced-atrial-fibrillation-insights-from-multi-scale-models-of-the-human-atria
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jieyun Bai, Andy Lo, James Kennelly, Roshan Sharma, Na Zhao, Mark L Trew, Jichao Zhao
This study aimed to use multi-scale atrial models to investigate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-induced atrial fibrillation mechanisms. The results of our computer simulations revealed that, at the single-cell level, PAH-induced remodelling led to a prolonged action potential (AP) (ΔAPD: 49.6 ms in the right atria (RA) versus 41.6 ms in the left atria (LA)) and an increased calcium transient (CaT) (ΔCaT: 7.5 × 10-2 µM in the RA versus 0.9 × 10-3 µM in the LA). Moreover, heterogeneous remodelling increased susceptibility to afterdepolarizations, particularly in the RA...
December 6, 2023: Interface Focus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38094680/decreased-fam13b-expression-increases-atrial-fibrillation-susceptibility%C3%A2-by-regulating-sodium-current-and-calcium%C3%A2-handling
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gregory Tchou, Daniela Ponce-Balbuena, Nana Liu, Shamone Gore-Panter, Jeffrey Hsu, Fang Liu, Emmanuel Opoku, Gregory Brubaker, Sarah M Schumacher, Christine S Moravec, John Barnard, David R Van Wagoner, Mina K Chung, Jonathan D Smith
A specific genetic variant associated with atrial fibrillation risk, rs17171731, was identified as a regulatory variant responsible for controlling FAM13B expression. The atrial fibrillation risk allele decreases FAM13B expression, whose knockdown alters the expression of many genes in stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, including SCN2B , and led to pro-arrhythmogenic changes in the late sodium current and Ca2+ cycling. Fam13b knockout mice had increased P-wave and QT interval duration and were more susceptible to pacing-induced arrhythmias vs control mice...
October 2023: JACC. Basic to Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38073307/rate-versus-rhythm-control-for-atrial-fibrillation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edward D Shin, H Nicole Tran, Nirmala D Ramalingam, Taylor Liu, Eugene Fan
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an arrhythmia characterized by disorganized atrial activity with an associated unevenly irregular ventricular response on an electrocardiogram. It is the most common sustained arrhythmia, with a lifetime risk of 25% in patients older than 40 years old. The incidence of AF increases with age and is associated with an increased risk for heart failure, stroke, adverse cardiac events, and dementia. The 2 main aims of AF treatment include anticoagulation for thromboembolism prophylaxis as well as rate vs rhythm control...
December 11, 2023: Permanente Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38072070/anti-ischemic-and-pleiotropic-effects-of-ranolazine-in-chronic-coronary-syndromes
#31
REVIEW
Manolis Athanasios, Kallistratos Manolis, Poulimenos Leonidas, Thomopoulos Costas
The vast majority of antianginal drugs decrease heart rate and or blood pressure levels or the inotropic status of the left ventricle to decrease MVO2 and thus anginal symptoms. Ranolazine presents a completely different mechanism of action, which reduces the sodium-dependent calcium overload inhibiting the late sodium current. Current ESC guidelines for the management of angina in patients with chronic coronary symptoms recommend the use of several drugs such as ranolazine, b-blockers, calcium channel blockers, long-acting nitrates, ivabradine, nicorandil and trimetazidine for angina relief...
December 8, 2023: American Journal of the Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38040503/dapansutrile-ameliorates-atrial-inflammation-and-vulnerability-to-atrial-fibrillation-in-hfpef-rats
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongjie Yang, Jun Zhu, Hui Fu, Wei Shuai
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasomes are key players in the progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study aimed to analyse the effect of pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasomes using dapansutrile (DAPA), an oral NLRP3-specific inhibitor. METHODS: Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet (HSD, 8% NaCl) to induce HFpEF. Either DAPA (200 mg/kg/day) or saline was administered daily via gavage for 4 weeks...
November 30, 2023: Heart, Lung & Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38001329/hypotension-and-respiratory-events-related-to-electrical-cardioversion-for-atrial-fibrillation-or-atrial-flutter-in-the-emergency-department
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sharon Liu, Ian Stiell, Debra Eagles, Bjug Borgundvaag, Keerat Grewal
INTRODUCTION: Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) is common in the ED. Our previous work showed that hypotension and respiratory events were important adverse events that occurred in patients undergoing electrical cardioversion for AF/AFL. The purpose of this study was to examine if (1) beta-blockers or calcium channel blocker use prior to ECV were associated with hypotension and (2) medications used for procedural sedation were associated with respiratory events...
February 2024: CJEM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989489/beta-blockers-reduce-severe-exacerbation-in-patients-with-mild-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-with-atrial-fibrillation-a-population-based-cohort-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shan-Ju Lin, Xin-Min Liao, Nai-Yu Chen, Yu-Ching Chang, Ching-Lan Cheng
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Beta-blockers (BBs) decrease mortality and acute exacerbation (AE) rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease; however, information on their effects in patients with COPD and atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited. We aimed to assess the AE risk in patients with different severities of COPD and AF receiving BBs compared with that in patients receiving calcium channel blockers (CCBs). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database from 2009 to 2018...
November 2023: BMJ Open Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37982263/ten-year-review-of-antihypertensive-prescribing-practices-after-stroke-and-the-associated-disparities-from-the-florida-stroke-registry
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gillian Gordon Perue, Hao Ying, Antonio Bustillo, Lili Zhou, Carolina M Gutierrez, Hannah E Gardener, Judith Krigman, Angus Jameson, Chuanhui Dong, Tatjana Rundek, David Z Rose, Jose G Romano, Ayham Alkhachroum, Ralph L Sacco, Negar Asdaghi, Sebastian Koch
BACKGROUND: Guideline-based hypertension management is integral to the prevention of stroke. We examine trends in antihypertensive medications prescribed after stroke and assess how well a prescriber's blood pressure (BP) medication choice adheres to clinical practice guidelines (BP-guideline adherence). METHODS AND RESULTS: The FSR (Florida Stroke Registry) uses statewide data prospectively collected for all acute stroke admissions. Based on established guidelines, we defined optimal BP-guideline adherence using the following hierarchy of rules: (1) use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker as first-line antihypertensive among diabetics; (2) use of thiazide-type diuretics or calcium channel blockers among Black patients; (3) use of beta blockers among patients with compelling cardiac indication; (4) use of thiazide, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, or calcium channel blocker class as first line in all others; (5) beta blockers should be avoided as first line unless there is a compelling cardiac indication...
November 20, 2023: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37975632/prehospital-intervention-improves-outcomes-for-patients-presenting-in-atrial-fibrillation-with-rapid-ventricular-response
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis B Fornage, Christine O'Neil, Stephen R Dowker, Eric R Wanta, Ryan S Lewis, Lawrence H Brown
OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes of patients presenting to emergency medical services (EMS) with atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (AF-RVR) who did and did not receive prehospital advanced life support (ALS) rate or rhythm control intervention(s). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used the 2021 ESO Data Collaborative (Austin, TX) dataset. We identified 9-1-1 scene responses for patients aged 16 to 100 years old presenting with AF and an initial heart rate ≥ 110 beats per minute (bpm)...
November 17, 2023: Prehospital Emergency Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37961455/proteolytic-degradation-of-atrial-sarcomere-proteins-underlies-contractile-defects-in-atrial-fibrillation
#37
Hannah E Cizauskas, Hope V Burnham, Azaria Panni, Alexandra Pena, Alejandro Alvarez-Arce, M Therese Davis, Kelly N Araujo, Christine Delligatti, Seby Edassery, Jonathan A Kirk, Rishi Arora, David Y Barefield
AIMS: Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common cardiac rhythm disturbance. Treatment of AFib involves restoration of the atrial electrical rhythm. Following rhythm restoration, a period of depressed mechanical function known as atrial stunning occurs that involves decreased blood flow velocity and reduced atrial contractility. This suggests that defects in contractility occur in AFib and are revealed upon restoration of rhythm. The aim of this project is to define the contractile remodeling that occurs in AFib...
November 5, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37950726/a-multicenter-phase-2-randomized-controlled-study-of-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-etripamil-nasal-spray-for-the-acute-reduction-of-rapid-ventricular-rate-in-patients-with-symptomatic-atrial-fibrillation-revera-201
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A John Camm, Jonathan P Piccini, Marco Alings, Paul Dorian, Gilbert Gosselin, Marie-Claude Guertin, James E Ip, Peter R Kowey, Blandine Mondésert, Fransisco J Prins, Jean-Francois Roux, Bruce S Stambler, J W Martijn van Eck, Nadea Al Windy, Nathalie Thermil, Silvia Shardonofsky, David B Bharucha, Denis Roy
Background: Despite chronic therapies, atrial fibrillation (AF) leads to rapid ventricular rates (RVR) often requiring intravenous treatments. Etripamil is a fast-acting, calcium-channel blocker administered intranasally affecting the atrioventricular-node within minutes. Methods: ReVeRA evaluated efficacy and safety of etripamil for the reduction of ventricular rate (VR) in patients presenting urgently with AF-RVR (VR ≥110 bpm), was randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conducted in Canada and Netherlands...
November 11, 2023: Circulation. Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37949780/restoring-mitochondrial-ca-2-uptake-in-metabolic-cardiomyopathy-a-new-promising-target-to-treat-atrial-fibrillation
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathieu Panel, Jérémy Fauconnier
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 20, 2023: Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37949341/impact-of-atrial-fibrillation-on-the-symptoms-and-echocardiographic-evaluation-of-patients-with-aortic-stenosis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heikki J Niemi, Satu Suihko, Minna Kylmälä, Helena Rajala, Suvi Syväranta, Sari Kivistö, Jyri Lommi
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common among patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and complicates the assessment of AS severity. Overlapping of symptoms in these two conditions may postpone valve replacement. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of AF on the severity assessment of AS and its impact on symptoms and quality of life (QoL). Patients with severe AS were prospectively recruited. Echocardiography, symptom questionnaires and RAND-36 QoL assessment were performed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively...
November 8, 2023: American Journal of Cardiology
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