psychotic major depression

Major depressive, bipolar, or psychotic disorders are preceded by earlier manifestations in behaviours and experiences. We present a synthesis of evidence on associations between person-level antecedents (behaviour, performance, psychopathology) in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood and later onsets of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychotic disorder based on prospective studies published up to September 16, 2022. We screened 11,342 records, identified 460 eligible publications, and extracted 570 risk ratios quantifying the relationships between 52 antecedents and onsets in 198 unique samples with prospective follow-up of 122,766 individuals from a mean age of 12...

BACKGROUND: Mood disorders such as major depressive and bipolar disorders, along with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and other psychotic disorders, constitute serious mental illnesses (SMI) and often lead to inpatient psychiatric care for adults. Risk factors associated with increased hospitalization rate in SMI (H-SMI) are largely unknown but likely involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and socio-behavioral factors. We performed a genome-wide association study in an African American cohort to identify possible genes associated with hospitalization due to SMI (H-SMI)...

BACKGROUND: The role of adolescent loneliness in adult mental health and prescriptions of psychotropic drugs remains underexplored. AIMS: We aim to determine whether (a) experiencing loneliness in adolescence and (b) changes in loneliness from adolescence to adulthood are prospectively associated with prescriptions for a variety of psychotropic drugs in adulthood. METHOD: We used data from a Norwegian population-based sample with 2602 participants, collected across four waves between 1992 and 2006...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Early detection of psychosis is critical for improving outcomes. Algorithms to predict or detect psychosis using electronic health record (EHR) data depend on the validity of the case definitions used, typically based on diagnostic codes. Data on the validity of psychosis-related diagnostic codes is limited. We evaluated the positive predictive value (PPV) of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for psychosis. STUDY DESIGN: Using EHRs at three health systems, ICD codes comprising primary psychotic disorders and mood disorders with psychosis were grouped into five higher-order groups...

OBJECTIVE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) sufferers frequently have psychotic symptoms, yet the underlying triggers remain elusive. Prior research suggests a link between insulin resistance (IR) and increased occurrence of psychotic symptoms. Hence, this study sought to investigate the potential association between psychotic symptoms in Chinese patients experiencing their first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, an alternative measure of insulin resistance (IR)...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for depression, and esketamine has been shown to have antidepressant effects. However, it is currently unclear whether adjunctive esketamine can enhance the clinical efficacy of ECT in real-world clinical practice. In this pragmatic clinical trial, patients with major depression were randomly assigned into two groups: patients received 0.25 mg/kg esketamine plus propofol (esketamine group) or the same volume of saline (control group) plus propofol. Results indicated that there was no difference in response and remission rates between the two groups...

AIM: There is limited evidence regarding predictors of changes in suicidal ideation (SI) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this study was to describe changes in SI over a 6-month period and identify their predictors from naturalistic observations of MDD patients. METHODS: In the cross-sectional analysis, we examined 257 patients with MDD at the first-visit assessment. Among the patients, 119 who completed the 6-month assessment (completers) were included in the longitudinal analysis...

Neurological diseases often manifest with neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression, emotional incontinence, anger, apathy and fatigue. In addition, affected patients may also experience psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Various factors contribute to the development of psychotic symptoms, and the mechanisms of psychosis are similar, but still differ among various neurological diseases. Although psychotic symptoms are uncommon, and have been less well investigated, they may annoy patients and their families as well as impair the patients' quality of life and increase the caregiver burden...

Psychotic depression is a severe and difficult-to-treat subtype of major depressive disorder for which higher rates of treatment-resistant depression were found. Studies have been performed aiming to predict treatment-resistant depression or treatment nonresponse. However, most of these studies excluded patients with psychotic depression. We created a genetic risk score (GRS) based on a large treatment-resistant depression genome-wide association study. We tested whether this GRS was associated with nonresponse, nonremission and the number of prior adequate antidepressant trials in patients with a psychotic depression...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to conduct a descriptive analysis of the clinical features and treatment responses in 6 patients with catatonia who received maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). METHODS: Our study included all patients who underwent maintenance ECT (mECT) at the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona between September 2020 and September 2022 following a catatonic episode. RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 5 patients with schizophrenia and 1 patient with major depressive disorder...

INTRODUCTION: Early parenting services in Australia offer brief structured residential programs to address moderate to severe non-psychotic mental health problems among women and unsettled infant/toddler behaviours. The aims were to (1) estimate the immediate and medium-term impact of a five-night psychoeducational residential early parenting program on postpartum depressive symptoms and (2) identify the factors associated with improvement or worsening of postpartum depressive symptoms after completing the program and six weeks post-discharge...

PURPOSE: Depression is among the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders of patients with breast cancer. Depression decreases patient quality of life and, if untreated, can adversely affect cancer treatment. We sought to identify treatment barriers for women with breast cancer receiving psychotherapy for depression. Findings may help policy makers and researchers determine funding and design of future studies involving this population, especially in communities with high rates of health disparities...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Suicide is nearly always associated with underlying mental disorders. Risk factors for suicide attempts (SAs) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) misdiagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) remain unelucidated. This study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical risk factors of SAs in Chinese patients with BD misdiagnosed with MDD. METHODS: A total of 1487 patients with MDD from 13 mental health institutions in China were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: There are no recommendations based on the efficacy of specific drugs for the treatment of psychotic depression. To address this evidence gap, we did a network meta-analysis to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for psychotic depression. METHODS: In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov, CENTRAL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to Nov 23, 2023 for randomised controlled trials published in any language that assessed pharmacological treatments for individuals of any age with a diagnosis of a major depressive episode with psychotic features, in the context of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in any setting...

Bipolar disorder (BD) features heterogenous clinical presentation and course of illness. It remains unclear how subphenotypes associate with genetic loadings of BD and related psychiatric disorders. We investigated associations between the subphenotypes and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for BD, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder (MDD) in two BD cohorts from Sweden (N = 5180) and the UK (N = 2577). Participants were assessed through interviews and medical records for inter-episode remission, psychotic features during mood episodes, global assessment of functioning (GAF, function and symptom burden dimensions), and comorbid anxiety disorders...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between suicide attempts and lipid profiles in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate sex differences in the relationship between suicide attempts and plasma lipid profiles in a large sample of first-episode and drug naive (FEDN) MDD patients. METHODS: We recruited 1718 FEDN MDD patients and gathered demographic, clinical, and blood lipid data. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were used to assess the symptoms of patients...

OBJECTIVE: Our study aims to examine the risk factors for comorbid psychosis in pediatric patients hospitalized for anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and its impact on hospital outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the nationwide inpatient sample (NIS 2018-2019). We included 3,405 pediatric inpatients (age 6-17 years) with a primary discharge diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. We used binomial logistic regression model to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) of variables (demographic and comorbidities) associated with comorbid psychosis...

Quetiapine, a pharmacological agent within the class of atypical antipsychotics, is characterized by its efficacy in mood stabilization and its role in the modulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways. Its therapeutic utility is broad, encompassing the management of acute psychotic episodes, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and treatment-resistant depressive states. Quetiapine's effectiveness extends to depressive disorders that do not exhibit classic psychotic features, with a side effect profile that is less burdensome than many alternative psychotropic medications...

Chronic headache is a serious clinical problem in women which psychological factors play major role and requires an approach with bio-psycho-social integrity. Psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety disorder and major depression are frequent. Young described Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) as maladaptive and dysfunctional patterns that appear due to unpleasant situations occurred between patient and people who were important to him. EMS affect perception, emotions, thoughts and behaviors that makes a basis for many disorders...

Room tilt illusion (RTI) is a rare and transient perceptual disturbance in which an individual perceives their surroundings as having been rotated or tilted, usually at 90 or 180 degrees. Primarily linked with vestibular disorders and neurological lesions, this report details the only reported occurrence of the RTI phenomena in nortriptyline use for treatment-refractory depression. The patient developed RTI six days after starting the medication and the disturbance resolved after medication cessation. Although the mechanism behind such a phenomenon with medication use has not been elucidated, its etiology may rest on the effect of tricyclic antidepressants on the vestibulo-thalamo-cortical system and visual-vestibular integration...