Blood anemia

BACKGROUND: Children in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) receive suboptimal nutrition because of low breastfeeding rates, undermining their developmental potential. While major public health campaigns have attempted to increase breastfeeding rates, they have been largely unsuccessful. One explanation for these unsuccessful interventions is the economic and financial constraints faced by mothers. A potential solution for alleviating these pressures is providing social transfers to support breastfeeding; defined as a cash or in-kind transfer...

IMPORTANCE: Observational studies often report that anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are associated with a higher risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among extremely low-birthweight (ELBW) infants. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there is a temporal association between 72-hour hazard periods of exposure to RBC transfusions and NEC among ELBW infants randomized to either higher or lower hemoglobin transfusion thresholds. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This post hoc secondary analysis of 1690 ELBW infants who survived to postnatal day 10 enrolled in the Transfusion of Prematures (TOP) randomized multicenter trial between December 1, 2012, and April 12, 2017, was performed between June 2021 and July 2023...

BACKGROUND: Dogs with congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (IHPSS) are predisposed to gastrointestinal inflammation, ulceration, and bleeding, unlike dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Limited information is available about hematologic differences between dogs with IHPSS and dogs with EHPSS. OBJECTIVE: Compare hemogram variables between dogs with IHPSS and EHPSS. We hypothesized that hematologic variables would differ between the 2 populations, with a higher frequency and severity of anemia and microcytosis in dogs with IHPSS...

BACKGROUND: Although anemia is common in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), management remains controversial. We quantified the association of anemia with in-hospital outcomes and resource utilization in patients admitted with MI using a large national database. METHODS: All hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis code for acute MI in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2014 and 2018 were identified. Among these hospitalizations, patients with anemia were identified using a secondary diagnosis code...

Anaemia is a widespread health issue affecting young children and pregnant women, characterized by reduced red blood cells or haemoglobin levels. Coconut water, rich in nutrients such as L-arginine, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B6, folic acid and fatty acids, is believed to aid in blood formation (hematopoesis). The study aimed to examine the impact of coconut water on hematological indices and lipid profiles in rats with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia. 30 rats were divided into 5 groups: a normal control, phenylhydrazine untreated, coconut water (0...

BACKGROUND: Limited data exists regarding risk factors for adverse outcomes in older adults hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in low- and middle-income countries such as India. This multisite study aimed to assess outcomes and associated risk factors among adults aged ≥60 years hospitalized with pneumonia. METHODS: Between December 2018 and March 2020, we enrolled ≥60-year-old adults admitted within 48 hours for CAP treatment across 16 public and private facilities in four sites...

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and non-anemic iron deficiency (NAID) are highly prevalent among non-pregnant females of reproductive age. Canada has no national screening guidelines for this population. Screening, when performed, is often with a complete blood count alone without ferritin or iron indices. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of screening for NAID and IDA over a 3-year period in non-pregnant females of reproductive age who had tests performed at outpatient laboratories in Ontario, Canada...

Extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction (EHBO) is uncommonly encountered in cats. Surgical treatment aims to decompress the biliary tract and insure bile duct patency. In veterinary medicine, cholecystotomy is not widely used in practice. The objective was to describe the use of cholecystotomy, retrograde hydropulsion of choleliths, and choledochal stenting to remove choleliths from the extrahepatic biliary tract back in the gallbladder. Three adult domestic shorthair cats were presented with anorexia, lethargy, and vomiting...

A pregnant female domestic longhair cat ~8 mo of age was referred to the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) for a diagnostic evaluation of severe anemia (PCV: 10.8%) after a 2-day period of lethargy. A CBC, serum biochemistry profile, FeLV/FIV testing, and abdominal radiographs were completed and did not determine a cause for the anemia. Abdominal ultrasonography identified 1 viable and 6 nonviable and fetuses, anechoic fluid in the uterus, and a mild volume of peritoneal effusion...

INTRODUCTION: Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects riboflavin transport, leading to impaired red blood cell production and resulting in pure red cell aplasia. Recognizing and understanding its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management is important. CASE PRESENTATION: A 2-year-old patient presented with pure red cell aplasia as the primary symptom of RTD. After confirming the diagnosis, rapid reversal of anemia was achieved after high-dose riboflavin treatment...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. There have been increasing efforts to reduce its incidence and mortality. Screening plays a crucial role, with various tests such as the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), colonoscopy, and flexible sigmoidoscopy commonly used for investigation. FOBT is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved screening tool commonly used in acute healthcare settings for early detection of CRC. We report a 50-year-old man presenting with shortness of breath, chills, and malaise with findings positive for pneumonia...

Background Hb Adana is a non-deletional alpha (α)-thalassaemia variant resulting from mutations in α1- or α2-globin codon 59 (αCD59 ), leading to the production of unstable α-globin. Clinical manifestations can vary from silent carrier status to dependence on blood transfusions, hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal deformities, and spinal cord compression. Despite the significance of Hb Adana inheritance, studying this variant poses challenges due to the scarcity of molecular tests and the potential for routine diagnoses to be overlooked...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Gastric leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor among the primary gastric carcinomas. Among the different common presentations, dysphagia is an uncommon presentation of gastric leiomyosarcoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 29-year-old female presented with complaints of progressive dysphagia for 1 year associated with vomiting, significant weight loss, and anorexia for 6 months. On blood investigations, she had anemia, hypokalemia, prerenal acute kidney injury, and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia...

The megakaryocyte and platelet inhibitory receptor gene G6P (MPIG6B) is located on chromosome 6p21.33. It encodes G6b-B; an inhibitory receptor expressed on the surface of platelets. It regulates platelets production, aggregation, and activation. We describe a case of a 31-year-old man who presented with a long history of thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient received multiple blood transfusions and his clinical course was stable. A bone marrow biopsy showed morphologic features similar to primary myelofibrosis...

We performed a diagnostic disease investigation on a cohort of coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) fingerlings in Alaska exhibiting anorexia, gaping mouths, anemia, and increased mortality. Histologic examination revealed mild-to-severe myocardial degeneration and lymphohistiocytic and neutrophilic myocarditis, moderate splenic histiocytosis, and mild renal histiocytosis. Piscine orthoreoviruses 1 and 3 were not detected by molecular methods, and no other viruses could be cultured on 3 common diagnostic fish cell lines...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: National guidelines recommend that children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) be seen regularly by primary care providers (PCPs) as well as hematologists to receive comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. The objective is to characterize the patterns of primary and hematology care for children with SCA in Michigan. METHODS: Using validated claims definitions, children ages 1-17 years with SCA were identified using Michigan Medicaid administrative claims from 2010 to 2018...

INTRODUCTION: Iron metabolism disorders and anemia are one of the main complications of end-stage renal disease that may affect the evaluation process for kidney transplantation. The study aimed to assess the iron metabolism in hemodialysis patients in relation to waiting list status. STUDY METHOD: The study included 5068 hemodialysis patients, including those on the active waiting list (N = 449) and those who were not eligible for the waitlist (N = 4619). Demographic and biochemical data, Charlson's comorbidity index, duration of hemodialysis therapy and, respectively, hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels were compared in both groups of patients...

UNLABELLED: Cardiac surgery is associated with hyperglycemia, which in turn is associated with adverse post-surgical outcomes such as wound infections, acute renal failure, and mortality. This pilot study seeks to determine if Dexcom G6Pro continuous glucose monitor (Dexcom G6Pro CGM) is accurate during the postoperative cardiac surgery period when fluid shifts, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and vasoactive medications are frequently encountered, compared to standard glucose monitoring techniques...

OBJECTIVE: This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between genetic susceptibility to vitiligo and the risk of various autoimmune diseases, along with the mediating role of blood metabolites. METHODS: We performed two-sample MR analyses using aggregated genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on 486 blood metabolites, vitiligo, and nine autoimmune diseases to investigate blood metabolites' causal effects on the susceptibility of vitiligo and the associations of vitiligo with nine autoimmune comorbidities...

Severe vitamin B12 deficiency presents a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse clinical manifestations, which can mimic serious hematologic disorders such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or leukemia. The case we present here illustrates the unique characteristics of severe B12 deficiency, highlighting key differentiators from other conditions, including decreased reticulocyte counts and markedly elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels indicative of suppressed erythropoiesis. Advanced cobalamin deficiency affects all cell lines, leading to peripheral pancytopenia...