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INTRODUCTION: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) is an osteonecrosis type caused by ischaemic osteocyte loss of femoral head, and its exact pathomechanism is still unknown. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet levels in complete blood count and ratios between these levels have been used by almost all medical disciplines as accesible and reliable biomarkers of immune response. Aim of this study is to identify the effects of neutrophil/lymphocyte (NL), monocyte/lymphocyte (ML), platelet/lymphocyte (PLT/L) ratios on prognosis and stage in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH)...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet and plasma activated medium (PAM) on sciatic nerve injury (SNI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10); group 1 (Sham), group 2 (SNI), group 3 (SNI + Atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet 5 min), group 4 (SNI + Atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet 10 min), group 5 (SNI + PAM 5 min), group 6 (SNI + PAM 10 min). On the 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd days of the study, atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet was applied to rats in groups 3 and 4, and PAM was applied to rats in groups 5 and 6...

BACKGROUND: The sciatic nerve gave the motor branches supply to: biceps femoris long and short head, semitendinosus, semimembranosus and adductor magnus muscles. The anatomy of these motor branches is highly variable. The aim of this study was to estimate the anatomy and morphometry of hamstring muscles innervation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The motor branches of the sciatic nerve were dissected from both sides from 20 cadaveric specimens (9 left and 11 right) from the 11 cadavers (4 females and 7 males) at the Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow...

BACKGROUND: The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is derived from the dorsal branches of the L2 and L3 spinal nerves. It travels across the pelvis and heads towards the anterior superior iliac spine. It passes under the lateral part of the inguinal ligament and then divides into two branches, which are responsible for sensory innervation of the anterolateral and lateral skin of the thigh. However, the course of this nerve can vary morphologically. Numerous differences have been observed in its exit from the pelvis and in the number of its main trunks and branches...

BACKGROUND: Mobile health technology's impact on cardiovascular risk factor control is not fully understood. This study evaluates the association between interaction with a mobile health application and change in cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants with hypertension with or without dyslipidemia enrolled in a workplace-deployed mobile health application-based cardiovascular risk self-management program between January 2018 and December 2022...

AIMS: Systemic amyloidosis represents a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from amyloid fibre deposition. The purpose of this study is to establish a differential diagnosis algorithm targeted towards the two most frequent subtypes of CA. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively included all consecutive patients with ATTR and AL evaluated between 2018 and 2022 in two centres in a score derivation cohort and a different validation sample. All patients had a complete clinical, biomarker, electrocardiographic, and imaging evaluation...

OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), the two most common causes of dementia, are characterized by white matter (WM) alterations diverging from the physiological changes occurring in healthy aging. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a valuable tool to quantify WM integrity non-invasively and identify the determinants of such alterations. Here, we investigated main effects and interactions of AD pathology, APOE-ε4, cSVD, and cardiovascular risk on spatial patterns of WM alterations in non-demented older adults...

INTRODUCTION: Quercetin (Qc), rutin (Ru), and hyperoside (Hyp) are three common polyphenols widely distributed in the plant kingdom. METHOD: This study explored the inhibition and mechanisms of Qc, Ru, and Hyp against xanthine oxidase (XOD) by enzyme kinetic analysis, fluorescence analysis, and molecular docking. The inhibitory activities of the three polyphenols on XOD showed the following trend: quercetin > hyperoside > rutin, with IC50 values of 8.327 ± 0...

OBJECTIVE: Autophagy is a major intracellular catabolic pathway governed by the sequential actions of proteins encoded by autophagy-related genes (Atg). ATG9, the only transmembrane protein involved in this process, regulates phospholipid translocation to autophagosomes during the early phases of autophagy. In mammals, two Atg9 isoforms have been reported: Atg9a and Atg9b. In this study, we examined whether the molecular and cellular characteristics of these two isoforms differed in mice...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) protocols' impact on long-term opioid and sedative use following mastectomy with or without implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: ERAS® protocols for patients undergoing mastectomy with or without IBBR are associated with decreased length of stay, increased rate of same-day discharge, decreased postoperative pain, and decreased postoperative opioid requirements...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to identify lung transplant recipients' experiences of and attitudes towards self-management. INTRODUCTION: Lung transplantation is an established treatment to improve the survival of patients with end-stage lung diseases and has been performed on over 40,000 patients worldwide. The current focus of care for lung transplant recipients is on their long-term management. Patients need to adapt and adhere to complex self-management tasks to prevent complications and to enable them to keep the transplanted graft as long as possible...

BACKGROUND: Cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPEX) is selectively used before intervention for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Sarcopenia, a chronic condition defined by reduced skeletal muscle function and volume, can be assessed radiologically by computed tomography (CT)-derived body composition analysis (CT-BC), and is associated with systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to describe the association between CT-BC, CPEX, inflammation and survival in patients undergoing elective intervention for AAA...

PURPOSE: To evaluate intrafractional motion effects as a function of peak-to-peak motion and period during single-field, single-fraction and single-field, multifraction irradiation of the moving target in spot-scanning proton therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in-house dynamic phantom was used to simulate peak-to-peak motion of 5, 10, and 20 mm with periods of 2, 4, and 8 seconds. The dose distribution in the moving target was measured using radiochromic films...

BACKGROUND: Patients with isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have demonstrated an increased risk of ACL graft failure and lower patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores when increased posterior tibial slope (PTS) is present. However, there is a paucity of literature evaluating the effect of PTS on outcomes after combined bicruciate multiligamentous knee reconstruction. PURPOSE: To determine whether differences exist for graft failure rates or PRO scores based on PTS after combined bicruciate multiligamentous knee reconstruction...

BACKGROUND: Although several studies have noted that patients are routinely overprescribed opioids, few have reported usage after arthroscopic surgery. PURPOSE: To determine opioid consumption and allocation for unused opioids after common arthroscopic surgeries. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: Patients between the ages of 15 and 40 years who were scheduled to undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), labral repair of the hip or shoulder, meniscectomy, or meniscal repair were prospectively enrolled...

INTRODUCTION: Acute liver failure (ALF), although rare in children, is a complex progressive pathology, with multisystem involvement and high mortality. Isolated variables or those included in prognostic scores have been studied, to optimize organ allocation. However, its validation is challenging. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of several biomarkers and scores as predictors of prognosis in pediatric ALF (PALF). METHODS: An observational study with retrospective data collection, including all cases of ALF, was defined according to the criteria of the Pediatric Acute Liver Failure Study Group, admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for 28 years...

Three-dimensional skeleton-based action recognition (3D SAR) has gained important attention within the computer vision community, owing to the inherent advantages offered by skeleton data. As a result, a plethora of impressive works, including those based on conventional handcrafted features and learned feature extraction methods, have been conducted over the years. However, prior surveys on action recognition have primarily focused on video or red-green-blue (RGB) data-dominated approaches, with limited coverage of reviews related to skeleton data...

INTRODUCTION: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) treatment only relies on the standard treatment of nonspecific invasive breast cancer (NSIBC), and it remains controversial whether the survival of patients improves. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features of IMPC and to investigate the factors affecting its prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 104 IMPC patients who met the study's inclusion criteria out of a total of 4,532 patients with invasive breast cancer between January 2015 and December 2019...

INTRODUCTION: Limited data exist on long-term follow-up of severe aortic stenosis (SAS) patients who have undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with a new generation, balloon expandable Myval transcatheter heart valve (THV). Thus, we sought to investigate the performance and 2-year clinical outcome of the Myval THV system based on Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 (VARC-3) criteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A multi-centre, registry-based, observational study was conducted, which included 207 consecutive degenerative SAS patients, from Turkey ( n = 128), Italy ( n = 58), and Greece ( n = 21) (mean [standard deviation] 81 (7) years, 94 [45%] men; 73% NYHA III or IV; EuroSCORE II 5...

Lipid disorders are the most common (even 70%) and worst monitored cardiovascular risk factor (only 1/4 of patients in Poland and in CEE countries are on the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal). To improve this, clear and simple diagnostic criteria should be introduced for all components of the lipid profile. These are the updated guidelines of the two main scientific societies in Poland in the area - the Polish Society of Laboratory Diagnostics (PSLD) and the Polish Lipid Association (PoLA), which, in comparison to those from 2020, introduce few important changes in recommendations (two main lipid targets, new recommendations on LDL-C measurements, calculations new goals for triglycerides, new recommendations on remnants and small dense LDL) that should help the practitioners to be early with the diagnosis of lipid disorders and in the effective monitoring (after therapy initiation), and in the consequence to avoid the first and recurrent cardiovascular events...