keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527651/prognostic-value-of-kras-g12v-mutation-in-lung-adenocarcinoma-stratified-by-stages-and-radiological-features
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wangyang Zhu, Han Han, Zelin Ma, Hang Cao, Yueren Yan, Yue Zhao, Chaoqiang Deng, Haomiao Xu, Fangqiu Fu, Fanfan Fan, Yang Zhang, Haiquan Chen
OBJECTS: KRAS G12V is one of the most common KRAS mutation variants in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and yet its prognostic value is still unrevealed. In this study, we investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value of KRAS G12V mutation in LUAD. METHODS: Data of 3829 patients who underwent LUAD resection between 2008 and 2020 were collected. Mutations were classified as wild-type, G12V, or non-G12V. The clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative outcomes and recurrence pattern were analyzed among groups...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523069/developing-dynamic-structure-based-pharmacophore-and-ml-trained-qsar-models-for-the-discovery-of-novel-resistance-free-ret-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ehsan Sayyah, Lalehan Oktay, Hüseyin Tunç, Serdar Durdagi
Activation of RET tyrosine kinase plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer, papillary thyroid cancers, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and 2B (MEN2A, MEN2B), and familial medullary thyroid cancer. Gene fusions and point mutations in the RET proto-oncogene result in constitutive activation of RET signaling pathways. Consequently, developing effective inhibitors to target RET is of utmost importance. Small molecules have shown promise as inhibitors by binding to the kinase domain of RET and blocking its enzymatic activity...
March 24, 2024: ChemMedChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522181/if-it-s-a-target-it-s-a-pan-cancer-target-tissue-is-not-the-issue
#3
REVIEW
Jacob J Adashek, Shumei Kato, Jason K Sicklick, Scott M Lippman, Razelle Kurzrock
Cancer is traditionally diagnosed and treated on the basis of its organ of origin (e.g., lung or colon cancer). However, organ-of-origin diagnostics does not reveal the underlying oncogenic drivers. Fortunately, molecular diagnostics have advanced at a breathtaking pace, and it is increasingly apparent that cancer is a disease of the genome. Hence, we now have multiple genomic biomarker-based, tissue-agnostic Food and Drug Administration approvals for both gene- and immune-targeted therapies (larotrectinib/entrectinib, for NTRK fusions; selpercatinib, RET fusions; dabrafenib plus trametinib, BRAFV600E mutations; pembrolizumab/dostarlimab, microsatellite instability; and pembrolizumab for high tumor mutational burden; pemigatinib is also approved for FGFR1-rearranged myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms)...
March 21, 2024: Cancer Treatment Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494387/targeting-ret-alterations-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Go Nishikawa, Mark A Klein
Rearranged during transfection (RET) alterations, which lead to aberrant activation of the RET proto-oncogene, have been identified in various cancers. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), RET mutations often manifest as RET fusion genes and are observed in 1-2 % of patients with NSCLC. In recent years, selective RET inhibitors such as selpercatinib and pralsetinib, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2020, have been part of the revolutionary changes in the treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancer...
March 16, 2024: Current Problems in Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484122/unraveling-the-promise-of-ret-inhibitors-in-precision-cancer-therapy-by-targeting-ret-mutations
#5
REVIEW
Zi-Xuan Wang, Qing-Qing Li, Jiao Cai, Jia-Zhen Wu, Jing-Jing Wang, Meng-Yuan Zhang, Qing-Xin Wang, Zhen-Jiang Tong, Jin Yang, Tian-Hua Wei, Yun Zhou, Wei-Chen Dai, Ning Ding, Xue-Jiao Leng, Shan-Liang Sun, Xin Xue, Yan-Cheng Yu, Ye Yang, Nian-Guang Li, Zhi-Hao Shi
Over the past decades, the role of rearranged during transfection (RET) alterations in tumorigenesis has been firmly established. RET kinase inhibition is an essential therapeutic target in patients with RET-altered cancers. In clinical practice, initial efficacy can be achieved in patients through the utilization of multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) with RET inhibitory activity. However, the effectiveness of these MKIs is impeded by the adverse events associated with off-target effects. Recently, many RET-selective inhibitors, characterized by heightened specificity and potency, have been developed, representing a substantial breakthrough in the field of RET precision oncology...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481600/patient-sex-and-origin-influence-distribution-of-driver-genes-and-clinical-presentation-of-paraganglioma
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan Richter, Nicole Bechmann
CONTEXT: Sexual and ancestral differences in driver gene prevalence have been described in many cancers but have not yet been investigated in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess whether sex and ancestry influence prevalence of PPGL driver genes and clinical presentation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with PPGL considering studies from 2010 onwards that included minimal data of type of disease, sex, mutated gene, and country of origin...
March 12, 2024: Journal of the Endocrine Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476782/next-generation-dna-sequencing-of-grade-1-meningioma-tumours-a-case-report-of-angiomatous-and-psammomatous-meningiomas
#7
Mohiuddin M Taher, Khalid M Ashour, Bashayer A Althaqafi, Albatool Mansouri, Arwa A Al-Harbi, Weam Filfilan, Ghassan Y Bakhsh, Najwa A Bantan, Muhammad Saeed, Khalid AlQuthami
We performed the next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of a rare grade 1 brain meningioma (angiomatous type) and a common grade 1 spinal meningioma (psammomatous type) and compared their mutation profiling. The data were analysed using the Ion Reporter 5.16 programme (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Sequencing analysis identified 10 novel variants and two previously reported variants that were common between these two tumours. Nine variants were missense, which included an insertion in EGFR c.1819_1820insCA, causing frameshifting, and a single nucleotide deletion in HRAS and HNF1A genes, causing frameshifting in these genes...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469239/ret-gene-fusion-and-emergent-selpercatinib-resistance-in-a-calcitonin-rich-neuroendocrine-carcinoma-a-case-report
#8
Reza Pishdad, Peter B Illei, Christopher D Gocke, Douglas W Ball
Metastatic lung neuroendocrine carcinomas provide diagnostic challenges in identifying the cell of origin. High level calcitonin expression is not pathognomonic for medullary thyroid cancer. Tumor mutation analysis may provide essential clues regarding tissue origin and treatment targets. Oncogenic RET gene fusions have been identified in non-small cell lung cancer and non-medullary thyroid cancers, whereas RET point mutations are the key genetic finding in both inherited and sporadic MTC. Patients who receive radiation for the treatment of other cancers have an increased risk of developing a second malignancy, including a neuroendocrine carcinoma...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465999/accelerated-men-2a-in-homozygous-ret-carriers-in-the-context-of-consanguinity
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Machens, Henning Dralle
BACKGROUND: Homozygous mutations, two identical gene versions (alleles), one from each biological parent, are exceptional. Clinical descriptions of affected families, comprising few carriers only, are scattered throughout the literature, hindering evidence generation. METHODS: Included in this literature analysis were 5 RET families with ≥1 homozygous carrier and ≥3 heterozygous carriers per family. RESULTS: In consanguineous families with first-degree cousins, homozygotes presented with node-positive medullary thyroid cancer and pheochromocytoma in their mid-teens, whereas heterozygotes presented in their end-thirties and early forties...
March 11, 2024: European Journal of Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463235/historical-context-process-and-development-trends-of-pediatric-thyroid-cancer-research-a-bibliometric-analysis
#10
REVIEW
Chang Song, Jia-Yuan Luo, Yu-Yan Pang, Rong-Quan He, Xiao-Jiao Li, Gang Chen, Chun-Yan Zhao, Ning Qu, Yan-Mei Chen, Li Yang, Bi-Qi Li, Lin Shi
OBJECTIVE: At present, the structure of knowledge in the field of childhood thyroid cancer is not clear enough, and scholars lack a sufficient understanding of the developing trends in this field, which has led to a shortage of forward-looking outputs. The purpose of this research is to help scholars construct a complete knowledge framework and identify current challenges, opportunities, and development trends. METHODS: We searched the literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database on August 7, 2023 and extracted key information from the top 100 most cited articles, such as the countries, institutions, authors, themes, and keywords...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455372/risk-stratification-for-radioactive-iodine-refractoriness-using-molecular-alterations-in-distant-metastatic-differentiated-thyroid-cancer
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhuanzhuan Mu, Xin Zhang, Dongquan Liang, Jugao Fang, Ge Chen, Wenting Guo, Di Sun, Yuqing Sun, Zhentian Kai, Lisha Huang, Jun Liang, Yansong Lin
OBJECTIVE: Patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) are often diagnosed with delay and constrained to limited treatment options. The correlation between RAI refractoriness and the underlying genetic characteristics has not been extensively studied. METHODS: Adult patients with distant metastatic DTC were enrolled and assigned to undergo next-generation sequencing of a customized 26-gene panel (ThyroLead). Patients were classified into RAIR-DTC or non-RAIR groups to determine the differences in clinicopathological and molecular characteristics...
February 29, 2024: Chinese Journal of Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450459/targeting-ret-mutation-in-medullary-thyroid-cancer
#12
EDITORIAL
Tarek Assi, Zamzam Tikriti, Annoir Shayya, Rebecca Ibrahim
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 7, 2024: Pharmacogenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445804/external-beam-radiation-therapy-for-recurrent-or-residual-thyroid-cancer-what-is-the-best-treatment-time-and-the-best-candidate-for-long-term-local-disease-control
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lara Bessa Campelo Pinheiro Cavalcante, Natalia Treistman, Fabiola Maria Teresa Torres Gonzalez, Pollyanna Iemini Weyll Fernandes, Paulo Alonso Garcia Alves Junior, Fernanda Accioly Andrade, Elisa Napolitano Ferreira, Tarcisio Fontenele De Brito, Attilio Pane, Rossana Corbo, Felipe Erlich, Daniel Alves Bulzico, Fernanda Vaisman
INTRODUCTION: Cervical disease control might be challenging in advanced thyroid cancer (DTC). Indications for cervical external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are controversial. PURPOSE: To identify clinical and molecular factors associated with control of cervical disease with EBRT. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation and molecular analysis of the primary tumor DTC patients who underwent cervical EBRT between 1995 and 2022 was performed. RESULTS: Eighty adults, median age of 61 years, were included...
March 6, 2024: Head & Neck
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438731/adaptive-darwinian-off-target-resistance-mechanisms-to-selective-ret-inhibition-in-ret-driven-cancer
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vivek Subbiah, Mohamed A Gouda, J Bryan Iorgulescu, Ramona Dadu, Keyur Patel, Steven Sherman, Maria Cabanillas, Mimi Hu, Luz E Castellanos, Behrang Amini, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Tao Shen, Jie Wu
Patients treated with RET protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) selpercatinib or pralsetinib develop RET TKI resistance by secondary RET mutations or alterative oncogenes, of which alterative oncogenes pose a greater challenge for disease management because of multiple potential mechanisms and the unclear tolerability of drug combinations. A patient with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) harboring a RET activation loop D898_E901del mutation was treated with selpercatinib. Molecular alterations were monitored with tissue biopsies and cfDNA during the treatment...
March 4, 2024: NPJ Precision Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433054/-stratified-application-of-gene-expression-in-diagnosis-of-thyroid-nodules
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Y Guan, J Y Zheng, L Nie, H Y Wu
Objective: To investigate the value of BRAF V600E and multigene detection and stratified application for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods: A total of 1 117 patients with thyroid nodules resection at Nanjing Gulou Hospital from December 2020 to July 2022 were enrolled in the study. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core biopsy samplings were performed for cytopathologic examination and genetic testings; the findings were combined with BSRTC classification. The diagnostic performance of BRAF V600E and multigene detection were compared...
March 8, 2024: Zhonghua Bing Li Xue za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433052/-intraductal-carcinomas-of-the-salivary-glands-a-clinicopathological-and-molecular-genetic-analysis-of-twenty-seven-cases
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Q Sun, J J Sun, M Wang, L Zhang, X W Zhang, J G Wei, L F Kong, J Li
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, molecular genetic features, and differential diagnosis of intraductal carcinomas (IDC) of the salivary glands. Methods: Twenty-five cases of salivary gland IDC diagnosed at the Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital and two cases from Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China from January 2008 to July 2023 were collected. Their clinical and pathological features were analyzed retrospectively...
March 8, 2024: Zhonghua Bing Li Xue za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420602/efficacy-of-immunotherapy-in-patients-with-oncogene-driven-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#17
REVIEW
Jiayan Chen, Wanjun Lu, Mo Chen, Zijing Cai, Ping Zhan, Xin Liu, Suhua Zhu, Mingxiang Ye, Tangfeng Lv, Jiawen Lv, Yong Song, Dong Wang
BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy is an emerging antitumor therapy that can improve the survival of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only about 20% of NSCLC patients can benefit from this treatment. At present, whether patients with driving gene-positive NSCLC can benefit from immunotherapy is one of the hot issues. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with oncogene-driven NSCLC and concluded the efficacy of altered subtypes...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420011/case-report-first-evidence-of-impressive-efficacy-of-modulated-dose-selpercatinib-in-a-young-caucasian-with-ank3-ret-fusion-positive-nsclc
#18
Elisa De Carlo, Elisa Bertoli, Monica Schiappacassi, Brigida Stanzione, Alessandro Del Conte, Roberto Doliana, Michele Spina, Alessandra Bearz
Over the past decade, molecular characterization has led to change the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring driver mutations. Rearranged during transfection ( RET ) gene fusions, occurring in 1% to 2% of NSCLC, have emerged as an oncogenic druggable target. Systemic targeted therapies with highly selective RET inhibitors (RETi), selpercatinib and pralsetinib, represent a recent clinical breakthrough. While the development of RETi has improved survival, with their increasing use, it is crucial to be aware of the risks of rare but serious adverse events (AEs)...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410597/mutation-profile-in-liquid-biopsy-tested-by-next-generation-sequencing-in-mexican-patients-with-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-and-its-impact-on-survival
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José Fabián Martínez-Herrera, Gisela Sánchez Domínguez, Juan J Juárez-Vignon Whaley, Sonia Carrasco-Cara Chards, Claudia López Vrátný, Jordi Guzmán Casta, Rodrigo F Riera Sala, Jorge A Alatorre-Alexander, Alec Seidman Sorsby, Mayte Cruz Zermeño, Emilio Conde Flores, Rodrigo R Flores-Mariñelarena, Carla P Sánchez-Ríos, Luis M Martínez-Barrera, Raquel Gerson-Cwilich, Patricio Santillán-Doherty, José C Jiménez López, William López Hernández, Jerónimo R Rodríguez-Cid
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer represents a significant global health concern, often diagnosed in its advanced stages. The advent of massive DNA sequencing has revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment by enabling the identification of target mutations and the development of tailored therapeutic approaches. Unfortunately, access to DNA sequencing technology remains limited in many developing countries. In this context, we emphasize the critical importance of integrating this advanced technology into healthcare systems in developing nations to improve treatment outcomes...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Thoracic Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410222/the-safety-and-efficacy-of-anti-pd-1-inhibitor-based-combinational-therapy-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-patients-with-oncogenic-alterations
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Chen, Jingyuan Xie, Meiying Zhu, Dong Wang, Hongbin Liu, Ping Zhan, Jie Yin, Mingxiang Ye, Yong Song, Tangfeng Lv
BACKGROUND: The anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy has been extensively used in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in which the tumors are negative for oncogenic alterations. However, whether PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy could be applicable in patients harboring oncogenic mutations is largely unknown. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1 inhibitor-based combinational therapy in a NSCLC cohort of 84 patients who harbored oncogenic alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), k-Ras, RET, HER2 and BRAF...
January 31, 2024: Translational Cancer Research
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