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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of preoperatively assessed paraspinal muscle parameters on postoperative patient-reported outcomes and maintenance of cervical sagittal alignment after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). METHODS: Patients with preoperative and postoperative standing cervical spine lateral radiographs and preoperative cervical MRI who underwent an ACDF between 2015 and 2018 were reviewed. Muscles from C3 to C7 were segmented into 4 functional groups: anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral, and sternocleidomastoid...

OBJECTIVE: Moyamoya arteriopathy can develop in patients with brain tumors, particularly when associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or cranial irradiation. The present study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of moyamoya after brain tumor treatment and elucidate the effect of revascularization on brain tumors. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed clinical and radiographic findings in 27 patients with brain tumors who developed moyamoya requiring revascularization surgery between January 1985 and June 2017 at a single institution...

BACKGROUND: Compared with traditional root canal therapy (RCT), vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a personalized and minimally invasive method for the treatment of pulpitis caused by dental caries. However, there are still no clear guidelines for VPT because high-quality randomized clinical trials are scarce. This prospective cohort study evaluated the clinical efficacy of VPT with the light-curable calcium silicate-based material TheraCal LC (TH) and bioceramic material iRoot BP Plus (BP) in reversible and irreversible pulpitis permanent teeth with carious exposures...

The aim of the presented retrospective study was to evaluate the early crestal bone changes around an implant type designed for high primary stability. A total number of 111 implants placed clinically were evaluated regarding insertion torque, bone density, implant stability quotient (ISQ) and early crestal bone loss from standardized digital radiographs. The implants were allocated in two groups: the "regular torque " group contained all implants that achieved less than 50 Ncm as final insertion torque (n = 63) and the "high torque" group contained the implants that achieved 50-80 Ncm (n = 48)...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the radiographic findings for the hip joint and hip range of motion in professional cyclists, and to determine their bone morphology and physical characteristics. The effects of physical characteristics on athletic performance were examined in terms of metabolic efficiency using simulation analysis. METHODS: We performed a case-control research study on 22 hips in 11 male professional cyclists (average age 28.5, height 1...

INTRODUCTION: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes after surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures utilizing the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA), with the main focus on complications and reoperations. The secondary aim was to compare the outcomes of patients with and without cement augmentation of the cephalomedullary nails. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with an acute proximal femoral fracture consequently treated with a PFNA between January 2011 and Dezember  2018 were evaluated...

This study assessed the efficacy of an Ammodaucus leucotrichus seed extract to treat rheumatoid arthritis in rat models of this disease. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in rats using two methods: immunization with 100 µL of Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA) and immunization with 100 µL of a 3 mg/ml solution of type II collagen (CII) from chicken cartilage. The therapeutic potential of the extract was assessed at different doses (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg/day for 21 days in the CII-induced arthritis model and for 14 days in the CFA-induced arthritis model) and compared with methotrexate (MTX; 0...

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between fungiform papillae (FP) numbers and tooth number anomalies in children, considering variables related to hypodontia and hyperdontia. The aim was to explore this association while adjusting for age and sex differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 144 children (aged 8-10) were categorized into hypodontia (n = 48), hyperdontia (n = 48), and control groups (n = 48)...

Background: Intentional replantation (IR) is an emerging and cost-effective last-resort treatment for persistent apical periodontitis. Adjunctive phototherapy for IR aims to improve the management of challenging cases by enhancing disinfection, stimulating healing and promoting regeneration. Objective: We report a novel phototherapy-assisted IR protocol conducted on a compromised lateral incisor with an extensive periapical infection (Ø > 10 mm) in a 68-year-old diabetic male. Methods: The IR protocol involved pre- and postoperative photobiomodulation (660 nm, 0...

PURPOSE: Facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) are rare intracranial tumors, and the optimal management of these tumors remains unclear. We investigated the long-term follow-up results of FNS with good facial nerve function. METHODS: At nine medical centers in the Korean Facial Nerve Study Group, 43 patients undergoing observation periods longer than 12 months for FNS with good facial nerve function (House-Brackmann grade ≤ II) were enrolled, and clinical and radiographic data were obtained for these cases...

PURPOSE: Operative fixation of femoral neck fractures (FNFs) remains challenging. Complications are not infrequent, especially in displaced patterns. Numerous fixation techniques have been previously described in the literature; however, there remains a paucity of data regarding outcomes of these injuries treated with the femoral neck system (FNS). METHODS: Patients with a displaced FNF (OTA/AO 31B) treated with the FNS at a single level 1 academic trauma center between 1/1/2019 and 1/1/2023 were identified...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Elizabeth 'Lizza' Baines talks through her new role at the Canine Health Schemes (CHS), leading the team of vets who score over 14,500 hip and elbow radiographs each year.

OBJECTIVES: Interferon (IFN)-induced lung injury is a rare but severe complication. Studies are needed to elucidate the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and prognostic features of IFN-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD). CASE REPORT: We report a patient with chronic hepatitis who developed ILD after interferon monotherapy. To further clarify the clinical characteristics of such patients, we searched for cases in which lung injury was documented as a side effect of hepatitis treatment and systematically analyzed all case reports for clinical manifestations, type of treatment, and outcomes...

Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption is a rare dental anomaly marked by a radiolucent area within an unerupted tooth. This report discusses the clinical management of pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption in two mandibular premolars through vital pulp therapy using Biodentine as a sealant. Emphasising the significance of timely intervention for preserving pulp vitality and the tooth's integrity, the present case report underscores the necessity of vigilant clinical and radiographic monitoring for early detection and appropriate treatment...

AIM: To study the clinical, radiographic and microbiological outcomes after surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, with or without adjunctive systemic antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-four patients (113 implants) with peri-implantitis were randomized into three groups (A, amoxicillin and metronidazole; B, phenoxymethylpenicillin and metronidazole; or C, placebo). Treatment included resective surgery and implant surface decontamination with adjunctive antibiotics or placebo...

OBJECTIVE: Machine learning (ML) will have a large impact on medicine and accessibility is important. This study's model was used to explore various concepts including how varying features of a model impacted behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study built an ML model that classified chest X-rays as normal or abnormal by using ResNet50 as a base with transfer learning. A contrast enhancement mechanism was implemented to improve performance. After training with a dataset of publicly available chest radiographs, performance metrics were determined with a test set...

PURPOSE: Patients with increased intracranial pressure and underlying hypertensive emergency may present with optic disc edema. Papilledema in this setting may be a predisposing risk factor for superimposed non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). We highlight the role of neuroimaging including diffusion-weighted imaging in magnetic resonance imaging that can help to differentiate visual loss from NAION versus papilledema in fulminant IIH with and without hypertension...

A 54-year-old female with a gastrostomy tube presented with persistent nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. On physical examination, the gastrostomy tube was completely advanced into the abdominal cavity with only the external retention ring and hub on the exterior. The first step in the workup was obtaining a scout radiograph. This imaging was appropriate to show the location of the gastrostomy catheter which was overlying the left upper quadrant. The distal tip was heading in the direction of the left lower quadrant...

Introduction Fractal analysis has proved to be a salient tool to quantitatively assess the qualitative changes in the bone trabeculae of patients with hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, and various temporomandibular disorders, including osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), in several previous studies. The purpose of this study was to use fractal analysis to assess alterations in the trabecular pattern of the mandibular condyle in patients with degenerative temporomandibular disorders...