keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502810/mash-clinical-trials-and-drugs-pipeline-an-impending-tsunami
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mazen Noureddin
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as NAFLD, has ascended to prominence as the predominant chronic liver disease in Western countries and now stands as a leading cause of liver transplantations. In the more advanced stage, Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), may lead to fibrosis, a gateway to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver failure. Despite extensive research and exploration of various drug mechanisms, the anticipation for the inaugural approved drug to materialize by 2024 is palpable, marking a significant milestone...
March 19, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501260/peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-agonists-and-antagonists-an-updated-patent-review-2020-2023
#22
REVIEW
Barbara De Filippis, Arianna Granese, Alessandra Ammazzalorso
INTRODUCTION: The search for novel compounds targeting Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) is currently ongoing, starting from the previous successfully identification of selective, dual or pan agonists. In last years, researchers' efforts are mainly paid to the discovery of PPARγ and δ modulators, both agonists and antagonists, selective or with a dual-multitarget profile. Some of these compounds are currently under clinical trials for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic, and renal diseases...
March 19, 2024: Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500838/the-s-wedish-initiative-for-the-st-u-dy-of-prim-ary-sclerosing-cholangitis-suprim
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Cornillet, Christina Villard, Fredrik Rorsman, Antonio Molinaro, Emma Nilsson, Stergios Kechagias, Erik von Seth, Annika Bergquist
BACKGROUND: Despite more than 50 years of research and parallel improvements in hepatology and oncology, there is still today neither a treatment to prevent disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), nor reliable early diagnostic tools for the associated hepatobiliary cancers. Importantly, the limited understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms in PSC and its natural history not only affects the identification of new drug targets but implies a lack of surrogate markers that hampers the design of clinical trials and the evaluation of drug efficacy...
April 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499069/efficacy-and-safety-of-transarterial-chemoembolization-combined-with-lenvatinib-and-pd-1-inhibitor-in-the-treatment-of-advanced-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-meta-analysis
#24
REVIEW
Lei Wang, Li Lin, Wei Zhou
The study aims to evaluate the benefits and potential adverse effects of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein inhibitors in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A systematic literature search of several databases for relevant studies, published from inception up to May 2023, was performed. Clinical trials investigating TACE combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors compared with other treatment regimens for advanced HCC were included...
March 16, 2024: Pharmacology & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499019/prophylactic-abdominal-drainage-after-distal-pancreatectomy-pandorina-an-international-multicentre-open-label-randomised-controlled-non-inferiority-trial
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduard A van Bodegraven, Alberto Balduzzi, Tess M E van Ramshorst, Giuseppe Malleo, Frederique L Vissers, Jony van Hilst, Sebastiaan Festen, Mohammad Abu Hilal, Horacio J Asbun, Nynke Michiels, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Olivier R C Busch, Freek Daams, Misha D P Luyer, Marco Ramera, Giovanni Marchegiani, Joost M Klaase, I Quintus Molenaar, Matteo de Pastena, Gabriella Lionetto, Pier Giuseppe Vacca, Hjalmar C van Santvoort, Martijn W J Stommel, Daan J Lips, Mariëlle M E Coolsen, J Sven D Mieog, Roberto Salvia, Casper H J van Eijck, Marc G Besselink
BACKGROUND: Prophylactic passive abdominal drainage is standard practice after distal pancreatectomy. This approach aims to mitigate the consequences of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) but its added value, especially in patients at low risk of POPF, is currently being debated. We aimed to assess the non-inferiority of a no-drain policy in patients after distal pancreatectomy. METHODS: In this international, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older undergoing open or minimally invasive elective distal pancreatectomy for all indications in 12 centres in the Netherlands and Italy...
March 15, 2024: Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495285/interleukins-in-liver-disease-treatment
#26
EDITORIAL
Ming Yang, Chun-Ye Zhang
Cytokines play pleiotropic roles in human health and disease by regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Interleukins (ILs), a large group of cytokines, can be divided into seven families, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 families. Here, we review the functions of ILs in the pathogenesis and resolution of liver diseases, such as liver inflammation ( e.g. , IL-35), alcohol-related liver disease ( e.g. , IL-11), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ( e.g. , IL-22), liver fibrosis ( e...
February 27, 2024: World Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495258/hepatocellular-carcinoma-advances-in-systemic-therapy
#27
REVIEW
Insija Ilyas Selene, Merve Ozen, Reema A Patel
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent primary liver cancer, representing over 90% of cases globally and ranking as the third leading cause of cancer-related death. This article reviews the evolving landscape of systemic therapies for advanced HCC, emphasizing recent advancements and their impact on patient outcomes. The advent of molecular targeted therapies has transformed HCC management, with sorafenib being the first FDA-approved molecular targeted therapy, setting a standard for a decade. However, recent breakthroughs involve the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab, demonstrating superior outcomes over sorafenib, leading to FDA approval in 2020...
February 2024: Seminars in Interventional Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492812/radiation-therapy-quality-assurance-analysis-of-alliance-a021501-preoperative-mfolfirinox-or-mfolfirinox-plus-hypofractionated-radiation-therapy-for-borderline-resectable-adenocarcinoma-of-the-pancreas
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leila T Tchelebi, Diana Segovia, Koren Smith, Qian Shi, T J Fitzgerald, Michael D Chuong, Tyler J Zemla, Eileen M O'Reilly, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, Eugene J Koay, Jessica Leif, Ardaman Shergill, Matthew Hg Katz, Joseph M Herman
BACKGROUND: Alliance A021501 is the first randomized trial to evaluate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In this post hoc study, we reviewed the quality of radiation therapy (RT) delivered. METHODS: SBRT (6.6 Gy x 5) was intended, although hypofractionated RT (5 Gy x 5) (HIGRT) was permitted if SBRT specifications could not be met. Institutional credentialing through the National Cancer Institute-funded Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) was required...
March 14, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492435/development-of-a-c-met-x-cd137-bispecific-antibody-for-targeted-immune-agonism-in-cancer-immunotherapy
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Zhang, Qun Wang, Sireesha Yalavarthi, Lukas Pekar, Steven Shamnoski, Liufang Hu, Laura Helming, Stefan Zielonka, Chunxiao Xu
BACKGROUND: Targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 has shown promise as a therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy, resulting in anti-tumor efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, the initial CD137 agonistic antibodies, urelumab and utomilumab, faced challenges in clinical trials due to the liver toxicity or lack of efficacy, respectively. Concurrently, c-MET has been identified as a highly expressed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in various solid and soft tumors. METHODS: In this study, we aimed to develop a bispecific antibody (BsAb) that targets both c-MET and CD137, optimizing the BsAb format and CD137 binder for efficient delivery of the CD137 agonist to the tumor microenvironment (TME)...
March 8, 2024: Cancer Treatment and Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492275/regoma-oss-a-large-italian-multicenter-prospective-observational-study-evaluating-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-regorafenib-in-patients-with-recurrent-glioblastoma
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Caccese, I Desideri, V Villani, M Simonelli, M Buglione, S Chiesa, E Franceschi, P Gaviani, I Stasi, C Caserta, S Brugnara, I Lolli, E Bennicelli, P Bini, A S Cuccu, S Scoccianti, M Padovan, S Gori, A Bonetti, P Giordano, A Pellerino, F Gregucci, N Riva, S Cinieri, V Internò, M Santoni, G Pernice, C Dealis, L Stievano, F Paiar, G Magni, G L De Salvo, V Zagonel, G Lombardi
BACKGROUND: In the randomized phase II REGOMA trial, regorafenib showed promising activity in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. We conducted a large, multicenter, prospective, observational study to confirm the REGOMA data in a real-world setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The major inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed diagnosis of glioblastoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification and relapse after radiotherapy with concurrent/adjuvant temozolomide treatment, good performance status [Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS 0-1)] and good liver function...
March 15, 2024: ESMO Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487523/complete-remission-of-advanced-pancreatic-cancer-induced-by-claudin18-2-targeted-car-t-cell-therapy-a-case-report
#31
Guocheng Zhong, Xiaomin Zhang, Zheng Guo, Yujie Gao, Bochen Zhao, Xianhao Liu, Lei Chen, Jingqiao Qiao, Chuan Yu, Lixin Wang, Yisheng Li, Li Yu
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors in digestive system due to its highly invasive and metastatic properties. At present, conventional treatment strategies for PC show the limited clinical efficacy. Therefore, novel effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Here, we report a case of complete remission of advanced PC induced by claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy. The patient was a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 2 years ago, and he experienced tumor recurrence and multiple metastases after pancreaticoduodenectomy and multi-line chemotherapies, including liver, peritoneum, and cervical lymph node metastases...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487087/exploring-the-vast-potentials-and-probable-limitations-of-novel-and-nanostructured-implantable-drug-delivery-systems-for-cancer-treatment
#32
REVIEW
Maryam Ebrahimnia, Sonia Alavi, Hamed Vaezi, Mahdieh Karamat Iradmousa, Azadeh Haeri
Conventional cancer chemotherapy regimens, albeit successful to some extent, suffer from some significant drawbacks, such as high-dose requirements, limited bioavailability, low therapeutic indices, emergence of multiple drug resistance, off-target distribution, and adverse effects. The main goal of developing implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) is to address these challenges and maintain anti-cancer drugs directly at the intended sites of therapeutic action while minimizing inevitable side effects. IDDS possess numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery, including controlled drug release patterns, one-time drug administration, as well as loading and stabilizing poorly water-soluble chemotherapy drugs...
2024: EXCLI Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484953/adjuvant-treatment-with-cordyceps-sinensis-for-lung-cancer-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#33
REVIEW
Canran Wang, Jiawei Wang, Yuanfu Qi
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a fungus parasitic on lepidopteran larvae which is often used to treat lung diseases and regulate immune function. AIM OF THE STUDY: This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CS in the adjuvant treatment of lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As of June, 2022, the electronic database search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and China Science Journal Database (VIP database)...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483122/expanding-meld-exceptions-for-colorectal-liver-metastasis-data-and-policy
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenna N Whitrock, Catherine G Pratt, Shimul A Shah
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While liver transplant for unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) has been demonstrated to be a promising treatment in selected patients, the typically low MELD score of these patients and lack of exception points may lead to challenges in receiving a deceased donor liver for transplant. RECENT FINDINGS: Several studies have shown improved outcomes in select patients with CRLM who undergo liver transplant, and several trials are ongoing and will conclude in the next several years...
March 15, 2024: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480849/screening-for-liver-fibrosis-lessons-from-colorectal-and-lung-cancer-screening
#35
REVIEW
Maja Thiele, Patrick S Kamath, Isabel Graupera, Antoni Castells, Harry J de Koning, Miquel Serra-Burriel, Frank Lammert, Pere Ginès
Many countries have incorporated population screening programmes for cancer, such as colorectal and lung cancer, into their health-care systems. Cirrhosis is more prevalent than colorectal cancer and has a comparable age-standardized mortality rate to lung cancer. Despite this fact, there are no screening programmes in place for early detection of liver fibrosis, the precursor of cirrhosis. In this Perspective, we use insights from colorectal and lung cancer screening to explore the benefits, challenges, implementation strategies and pathways for future liver fibrosis screening initiatives...
March 13, 2024: Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479735/-hfe-genotypes-haemochromatosis-diagnosis-and-clinical-outcomes-at-age-80-years-a-prospective-cohort-study-in-the-uk-biobank
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mitchell R Lucas, Janice L Atkins, Luke C Pilling, Jeremy D Shearman, David Melzer
OBJECTIVES: HFE haemochromatosis genetic variants have an uncertain clinical penetrance, especially to older ages and in undiagnosed groups. We estimated p.C282Y and p.H63D variant cumulative incidence of multiple clinical outcomes in a large community cohort. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: 22 assessment centres across England, Scotland, and Wales in the UK Biobank (2006-2010). PARTICIPANTS: 451 270 participants genetically similar to the 1000 Genomes European reference population, with a mean of 13...
March 13, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476294/adverse-events-of-immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-based-therapies-for-unresectable-hepatocellular-carcinoma-in-prospective-clinical-trials-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yizhou Zhang, Minghao Wang, Qichen Chen, Yiqiao Deng, Jinghua Chen, Yimin Dai, Sheng Luo, Jianming Xu, Hong Zhao, Jianqiang Cai
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and spectrum of adverse events in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or ICI-based combinations. SUMMARY: The study protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022319255). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for published clinical trials from database inception to April 22, 2022. Studies that included at least one group of unresectable HCC patients treated with ICIs or ICI-based combinations and reported the incidence or spectrum of treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) or immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were eligible...
December 2023: Liver Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473248/reduced-risk-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma-in-patients-with-chronic-hepatitis-b-receiving-long-term-besifovir-therapy
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyung Joon Yim, Seong Hee Kang, Young Kul Jung, Sang Hoon Ahn, Won Kim, Jin Mo Yang, Jae Young Jang, Yong Oh Kweon, Yong Kyun Cho, Yoon Jun Kim, Gun Young Hong, Dong Joon Kim, Joo Hyun Sohn, Jin Woo Lee, Sung Jae Park, Sun Young Yim, Jin Kyung Park, Soon Ho Um
No information is available regarding the influence of besifovir (BSV), a new nucleotide analogue, on the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study evaluated the reduced risk of HCC in patients undergoing BSV treatment. A total of 188 patients with CHB were treated with BSV for up to 8 years. We prospectively assessed the incidence of HCC compared with the risk from prediction models. During the follow-up, 5 patients developed HCC: 1 of 139 patients with non-cirrhotic CHB, and 4 of 49 patients with liver cirrhosis...
February 22, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473219/perioperative-chemotherapy-including-bevacizumab-in-potentially-curable-metastatic-colorectal-cancer-long-term-follow-up-of-the-asso-lm1-trial
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yawen Dong, Jonas Santol, Birgit Gruenberger, Alfred Lenauer, Friedrich Laengle, Josef Thaler, Gudrun Piringer, Wolfgang Eisterer, Angela Djanani, Judith Stift, Thomas Gruenberger
In 2007, the ASSO-LM1 trial, a multicenter prospective study, was initiated to investigate the resectability (R0) rate following preoperative combination therapy with XELOX and bevacizumab in patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases. Six cycles of systemic therapy were administered preoperatively, although the sixth cycle did not include bevacizumab, resulting in 5 weeks between the last bevacizumab dose and surgery. Treatment with bevacizumab plus XELOX was restarted for another six cycles postoperatively...
February 21, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469902/a-comprehensive-analysis-of-liver-safety-across-zibotentan-oncology-trials-knowledge-of-the-past-offers-new-perspectives-on-the-present
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Fettiplace, Sherri Matis-Mitchell, Oleksandr Molodetskyi, Malin Söderbergh, Jan Oscarsson, Min Lin, Srivathsa Ravikiran, Martin Billger, Philip Ambery
BACKGROUND: Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) are associated with liver injury. We used data from previous oncology clinical trials to determine the liver safety profile of zibotentan, which is currently in clinical development (in combination with dapagliflozin) for chronic kidney disease and cirrhosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Six global, double-blinded, phase 2b and 3 clinical trials from the zibotentan oncology development program were pooled to analyze liver safety...
March 12, 2024: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
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