Depression

Background: The proper nutrition is indicated as a factor of a potential importance for the mental health early in life span, and among the potential products, which may influence, there are fruit and vegetables. Objective: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing the association between the fruit and vegetables intake and the mental health in adolescents. Material and methods: On the basis of PubMed and Web of Science databases, the papers presenting human studies and published in English until June 2019, analyzing the association between intake of fruit and/ or vegetables, as well as related products (e...

Background: About 10-20% of children and adolescents worldwide experience a mental health problems, while among the factors which may be preventive, there is a diet, especially fruit and vegetables intake. Objective: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing the association between the fruit and vegetables intake and the mental health in pre-schoolers and school-aged children. Material and methods: The systematic review was conducted based on PubMed and Web of Science databases, while the human studies, published in English until June 2019, conducted in populations of pre-schoolers and/ or school-aged children, verifying the influence of fruit and/ or vegetables and products (e...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acupressure on postpartum low back pain (LBP), salivary cortisol, physical limitations, and postpartum depression. METHODS: Participants were 70 postpartum women who were randomly assigned to either an intervention (n = 35) or a control (n = 35) group. The intervention group received 10 acupressure sessions (1 session per day, 5 d per week). The control group received 10 sham acupressure sessions. Outcomes were assessed using a visual analogue scale (LBP intensity), salivary cortisol values (LBP biomarker), and Chinese versions of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (daily activity limitations), Oswestry Disability Index (physical activity limitations), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (postpartum depression)...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence and risk of pain, pain interference, and recurrent pain in adult survivors of childhood cancer in comparison with siblings. METHODS: This study analyzed longitudinal data from survivors (n = 10,012; 48.7% female; median age, 31 years [range, 17-57 years]; median time since diagnosis, 23 years) and siblings (n = 3173) from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Survivors were diagnosed between 1970 and 1986 at 1 of 26 participating sites...

BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior is highly familial. Neurocognitive deficits have been proposed as an endophenotype for suicide risk that may contribute to the familial transmission of suicide. Yet, there is a lack of research on the neurocognitive functioning of first-degree biological relatives of suicide attempters. The aim of the present study is to conduct the largest investigation to date of neurocognitive functioning in community youth with a family history of a fatal or nonfatal suicide attempt (FH)...

OBJECTIVE: To monitor occurrence of stressful life events, assess correlations with family functioning and parental psychosocial measures, and examine the impact of stressful life events on diabetes management in the first year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children using a mixed methods design. METHODS: In a prospective study of 5-9-year-olds with recent-onset T1D (mean age 7.4 ± 1.3 years, T1D duration 4.7 ± 3.3 months), we monitored glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), income, job status, family health, and marital status at baseline and every 3 months up to 1 year...

Elements in the medullary ventral respiratory column nuclei and dorsal respiratory group interact with the Kölliker-Fuse and medial parabrachial nuclei to generate the breathing rhythm and pattern. Triphasic eupnea consists of inspiratory [I], post-inspiratory [post-I], and late-expiratory [E2] phases. Mesencephalic zones exert modulatory influences upon respiratory rhythm generating circuitry, sympathetic oscillators, and parasympathetic nuclei. The earliest evidence supporting this derives from studies performed by Martin and Booker in 1878...

Subjective feelings of disconnectedness from social groups have been found to be detrimental to mental health. However, little is known about the factors determining people's ability to attach to groups. We contend that child maltreatment will impair people's ability to group identification across the lifespan, and present a cross-sectional study involving 396 young adults from Spain, aimed at testing this hypothesis. Results reveal that, as expected, a greater degree of maltreatment received before the age of 14 is linked to a lower number of social groups one identifies with, even after controlling for current levels of depression, anxiety, and borderline personality...

BACKGROUND: Flooding can have extensive effects on the health and wellbeing of affected communities. The impact of flooding on psychological morbidity has been established; however, the wider impacts of flooding exposure, including on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), have not been described. METHODS: Using data from the English National Study of Flooding and Health cohort, HRQoL 2 and 3 years post-flooding was assessed with the EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L tool...

Enteritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare and unusual manifestation of the gastrointestinal (GI) consequences of SLE itself. Complications of the enteritis component include mesenteric vasculitis, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and protein-losing enteropathy. Lupus enteritis is very responsive to treatment with pulse steroids in almost 70% of the patients, but it is critical to diagnose it early to prevent devastating organ damage. The case describes a 21-year-old Caucasian female with a past medical history of uncomplicated laparoscopic appendectomy (one month prior to the time of presentation), major depressive disorder, asthma, iron deficiency anemia, pelvic inflammatory disease secondary to sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infection, and SLE (diagnosed two weeks prior to presentation)...

Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings-oscillations between manic and depressive states. The swings (oscillations) mark the length of an episode in a patient's mood cycle (period), and can vary from hours to years. The proposed modeling study uses decision making framework to investigate the role of basal ganglia network in generating bipolar oscillations. In this model, the basal ganglia system performs a two-arm bandit task in which one of the arms (action responses) leads to a positive outcome, while the other leads to a negative outcome...

Although burnout is a risk factor for various negative mental and physical outcomes, its prevention is hampered by the stigma associated with burnout. The current research therefore reports on the initial development and validation of a novel measure of perceived burnout stigma. Study 1 ( n = 318) describes the construction and initial evaluation of scale items derived from established mental health stigma and burnout scales. Study 2 ( n = 705) then replicated the burnout stigma factor structure established in the initial study...

Aim of the study was to identify patient variables that predict specific patterns of symptom course during and after hospital treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). In a sample of 518 patients, four pairs of clinically relevant patterns of symptom change were contrasted. The time points of measurement were admission, discharge, 3 and 12 month after discharge. CATREG was used to identify the best sets of predictors from 28 variables. A greater reduction in self-criticism during hospital treatment was the strongest predictor of rapid and sustained improvement...

Aversive or rewarding experiences are remembered better than those of lesser survival significance. These emotional memories, whether negative or positive, leave traces in the brain which can later be retrieved and strongly influence how we perceive, how we form associations with environmental stimuli and, ultimately, guide our decision-making. In this review aticle, we outline what constitutes an emotional memory by focusing on threat- and reward-related memories and describe how they are formed in the brain during learning and reformed during retrieval...

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, and anxiety among individuals worldwide. The present study developed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to complement the clinical efforts in preventing the spread and treating of COVID-19 cases. Methods: The sample comprised 717 Iranian participants. The items of the FCV-19S were constructed based on extensive review of existing scales on fears, expert evaluations, and participant interviews...

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been rapidly transmitted in China, Macau, Hong Kong, and other Asian and European counterparts. This COVID-19 epidemic has aroused increasing attention nationwide. Patients, health professionals, and the general public are under insurmountable psychological pressure which may lead to various psychological problems, such as anxiety, fear, depression, and insomnia. Psychological crisis intervention plays a pivotal role in the overall deployment of the disease control...

Depression is common among cardiac patients and associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Bright light therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for depressive symptoms, however it has not yet been investigated in this population. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial to assess the feasibility of a larger-scale trial testing bright light therapy for depressive symptoms in cardiac patients. Patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome or undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized to either bright light (10,000 lux) or dim light placebo (500 lux) lamps for 30 minutes each day over 4 weeks, beginning in-hospital...

Exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) is an ominous sign in heart failure due to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) whatever it is represented. But EOV is detected also in normal healthy individuals and in other cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients, however, its prevalence in these is not completed clear. The aim was to describe the occurrence of EOV in healthy subjects and the overall population all CVD patients who performing symptom limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Healthy subjects were divided in athletes and normal subjects, while, CVD patients were subdivided into: i) t hose with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); ii) those with mild to moderate impairment of LVEF (41-49%); iii) those with severe impairment of LVEF (≤40%); iv) HFrEF or with preserved LVEF (HFpEF); and iv) patients after heart transplantation (HXT)...

Introduction: Patients of the Short-stay Child and Adolescent Unit of the Del Salvador Psychiatric Hospital (Valparaíso, Chile) exhibit different clinical and social characteristics compared to literature reports of other national centers, although published data are scarce. Objectives: To describe the operation of the Unit, the socio-familial and clinical characteristics of its patients and analyze factors associated with their clinical evolution. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to describe the patients hospitalized over a three-year period...

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy has become the main constituent for women to become overweight or obese during the postpartum phase. This could lead women to suffer from postpartum depression as well. Information technology (IT) has become more prevalent in the healthcare industry. It offers patients the opportunity to manage their health conditions via the use of several applications, one being the mHealth applications. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study is to experiment and understand the effects the mHealth applications (i...