Resuscitation

Obstetrical emergencies are life-threatening situations that can arise during pregnancy, labor, and post-delivery. Despite advances in the healthcare system, pregnancy-related complications like antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia are still the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality in India. This case series describes anesthetic management in five obstetric cases for cesarean section and laparotomy and also highlights the magnitude of maternal and perinatal conditions following an event, with which they report to the hospital, where, in most of the cases, there was no time for optimization, and the lives of both the mother and fetus were at risk...

This review explores the role of smartphone applications in providing real-time guidance for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) practices and highlights their potential to improve CPR quality among laypersons. A narrative literature review was conducted on the effectiveness of mobile CPR applications for smartphones. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were included to ensure that new technological advances were examined. Our findings revealed that guided CPR applications significantly improve most critical parameters for efficacious resuscitation...

Introduction Neonatal resuscitation is a high-acuity, low-occurrence event that requires ongoing practice by interprofessional teams to maintain proficiency. Simulation provides an ideal platform for team training and evaluation of team performance. Our simulation center supports a longitudinal in situ simulation training program for delivery room teams. In addition to adherence to the Neonatal Resuscitation Program standards, team performance assessment is an essential component of program evaluation and participant feedback...

AIM: To explore evidence that informs new or non-standard methods for delivery of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic life support (BLS) that may be used by carers of wheelchair users and assist in the development of an educational intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scoping review was conducted. Keywords used included cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary, resuscitation, "basic life support", and special circumstances. In total, 3581 papers were retrieved and 72 full text articles were reviewed with 14 papers meeting the inclusion criteria...

AIMS: To describe the level of physical activity 6 months after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and to explore potential risk factors of a low level of physical activity. METHODS: Post-hoc analyses of the international multicentre Targeted Hypothermia versus Targeted Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial. At 6 months, survivors at 61 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zeeland were invited to a follow-up. The participants answered two questions on self-reported physical activity...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal resuscitation video review (NRVR) involves recording and reviewing resuscitations for education and quality assurance. Though NRVR has been shown to improve teamwork and skill retention, it is not widely used. We evaluated clinicians' experiences of NRVR to understand how NRVR impacts learning and can be improved. METHODS: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) clinicians with previous NRVR experience were recruited for individual semi-structured interviews...

Epinephrine is the only recommended vasopressor during neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, there are concerns about the potential adverse effects of epinephrine, which might hamper efficacy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. An alternative might be vasopressin, which has a preferable adverse effect profile, however, its optimal dose and route of administration is unknown. We aimed to compare the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of various vasopressin doses administered via intravenous (IV), intraosseous (IO), endotracheal (ETT), and intranasal (IN) routes in healthy neonatal piglets...

Undergraduates are trained in the basic neonatal resuscitation programme (NRP) and evaluated for skill acquisition by NRP performance evaluation test (PET). Video use improves the validity of assessment when video-information adequacy, intrusiveness to students, and educational purpose are adequately balanced. We evaluated whether there was a difference between instructor's real-time assessment and video-based assessment done by another independent assessor using videos recorded via the SimCapture application...

BACKGROUND: The combination of controlled automated head/thorax elevation, active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and an impedance threshold device (ITD-16), termed AHUP-CPR, lowers intracranial pressure and increases circulation and neurologically-sound survival in pigs versus conventional (C) CPR. This study examined whether AHUP-CPR increased end tidal (ET) CO2 , a non-invasive marker of cardiac output and organ perfusion, compared with C-CPR in witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients...

Although first aid research is a wide-ranging and diverse field within medical science, so far no attempts have been made to provide a holistic view of international scientific outputs in the first aid domain. To determine strategic directions for conducting future studies, it is important to understand the status of the research, including its frontiers and blind spots. This study explored the global landscape of first aid research using bibliometric visualization analysis of relevant literature published within the last 20 years...

IMPORTANCE: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented advance care planning (ACP) billing codes in 2016 to encourage practitioners to conduct and document ACP conversations, and included ACP as a quality metric in the CMS Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Initiative in 2018. Use of this billing code in the inpatient setting has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a quality improvement intervention to increase inpatient ACP is effective in increasing ACP billing rates or changing hospital treatment plans or patient outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: It is unclear how extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use varies across paediatric cardiac surgical programmes and how it relates to post-operative mortality. We aimed to determine hospital-level variation in post-operative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use and its association with case-mix adjusted mortality. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 37 hospitals contributing to the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium clinical registry from 1 August 2014 to 31 December 2019...

BACKGROUND: Early preterm infants are susceptible to a serious disorder called intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), which may cause severe neurological damage. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of IVH in preterm infants at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, and to identify associated risk factors and potential preventive measures. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional research examined the prevalence of IVH among early preterm infants and was carried out at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023...

A patient who was 39 weeks pregnant was admitted to the hospital to be expecting labor and performed labor analgesia when the uterine orifice was opened to 2 cm. We successfully performed L2.3 epidural puncture in the lumbar space and equipped her with a self-controlled epidural analgesia infusion pump (100mL, 10mL 1% ropivacaine + 50ug sufentanil + 89mL normal saline) with a load of 8mL for continuous delivery. Continuous infusion of 8mL/h, patient controlled analgesia (PCA) 6 mL/ time at 15 minute intervals...

BACKGROUND: The Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT) includes agreed clinical recommendations for a person's care in a future emergency which have been informed by discussion of the person's preferences. Previous evaluation of ReSPECT plans in acute NHS hospitals found inconsistencies in recording patient's preferences and involvement in the plan, and infrequent justification for recommendations. AIM: To explore to what extent ReSPECT recommendations reflect individual preferences, as documented in the plan...

INTRODUCTION: Simulation-based learning is essential for health care providers to prepare for rare obstetric emergencies, such as severe trauma and maternal cardiac arrest. These situations demand rapid and prompt actions, often testing the skill of emergency physicians. Resuscitative hysterotomy (RH), a critical procedure in maternal cardiac arrest, requires technical expertise, coordination, and anatomical knowledge. The high cost of commercial trainers and complex existing models restricts accessibility...

AIMS: Hospitalizations for adverse drug reactions (ADR-HA) have increased over the last decade, but the impact of ADR-HA has rarely been evaluated. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden of ADR-HA in France. METHODS: A partial economic evaluation from the viewpoint of French public health insurance was performed, based on a previous pharmacovigilance study (IATROSTAT) performed in 2018 in public hospital medical units. The cost included direct medical costs, collected retrospectively, from the French hospital discharge database...

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure performed to restore heart function to minimize anoxic injury to the brain following cardiac arrest. Despite the establishment of emergency department and training on Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) the outcomes of pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest have not been documented. We ought to determine the outcomes and factors associated with 24-h survival after pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrests at MNH in Tanzania...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the perinatal outcomes of women with GDM, between pregnant treated only with lifestyle changes and pregnant treated with insulin and lifestyle changes. METHODS: Prospective cohort study with follow-up of 64 women with GDM during the prenatal care and postpartum period until hospital discharge, divided into a control group (43) and an insulin group (21), with collection of sociodemographic, clinical, glycemic control and perinatal outcome data...

Background & objectives Traumatic injuries, especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), present significant challenges in patient resuscitation and healthcare delivery. This study explores the role of trauma training programmes in improving patient outcomes and reducing preventable trauma-related deaths. Methods A dual approach was adopted, first a literature review of trauma training in LMICs over the past decade, along with a situational assessment survey. For the review of literature, we searched the PubMed database to identify key challenges and innovative practices in trauma training programmes in LMIC's...