Gait analyse

Stroke, a neurological disorder, leads to long-term disability thereby greatly affecting gait and mobility. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of progressive resistance training in both acute and chronic stroke patients. A quasi interventional study was designed and 46 stroke patients were recruited through convenience sampling technique. Sample size was calculated using epi-tool. Patients who had cognitive problems, balance impairments and contractures were excluded from the study...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of comorbidities on physical function and quality of life (QoL) of patients at 3-months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). DESIGN: Data from 140 patients who underwent a primary unilateral TKA were examined retrospectively. Comorbidities were osteoporosis, presarcopenia, degenerative spine disease, diabetes, and hypertension. All patients completed the following: range of motion (ROM), stair climbing test (SCT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), timed up-and-go test (TUG), peak torque (PT) of the knee extensor and flexor, instrumental gait analysis, Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and EuroQoL five dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire...

In an aging society, preventing dysfunction and restoring function of the locomotive organs are necessary for long-term quality of life. Few interventional studies have investigated supplementation for locomotive syndrome. Additionally, very few interventional clinical studies on locomotive syndrome have been performed as placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind studies. We previously found that the administration of 30% ethanolic extract of Cistanche tubulosa improved walking ability in a cast-immobilized skeletal muscle atrophy mouse model...

INTRODUCTION: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with significant financial cost and reduced military readiness and impacts quality of life for active duty service members (SMs). Post-concussive symptoms can include vestibular impairments, such as chronic dizziness and postural instability, which can be compounded by psychological comorbidities like PTSD. Comprehensive vestibular evaluations are required to assess symptoms and guide clinical decision-making. At the National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE), in addition to traditional vestibular assessments, clinicians can also leverage virtual environments (VEs) in the Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) to further evaluate balance...

Dynamic load distribution and landing patterns play an important role in equine orthopaedics. The aim of this study was to analyse dynamic load distribution and hoof landing patterns of sound Standardbreds. Twenty-four sound, unshod Standardbreds were walked and trotted over a pressure plate to obtain the peak vertical force (PVF), vertical impulse (VI) and stance time (ST) of both forelimbs. Asymmetry indices between both forelimbs were calculated and the dynamic medio-lateral and toe-heel load distribution of the forelimbs were compared between normal, toed-in and toed-out horses...

The vestibular system is located in the inner ear and is responsible for maintaining balance in humans. Bilateral vestibular dysfunction (BVD) is a disorder that adversely affects vestibular function. This results in symptoms such as postural imbalance and vertigo, increasing the incidence of falls and worsening quality of life. Current therapeutic options are often ineffective, with a focus on symptom management. Artificial stimulation of the vestibular system, via a vestibular prosthesis, is a technique being explored to restore vestibular function...

BACKGROUND: Overground Robot-Assisted Gait Training (o-RAGT) provides intensive gait rehabilitation. This study investigated the efficacy of o-RAGT in subacute stroke subjects, compared to conventional gait training. METHODS: A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted on 75 subacute stroke subjects (38 in the Experimental Group (EG) and 37 in the Control Group (CG)). Both groups received 15 sessions of gait training (5 sessions/week for 60 min) and daily conventional rehabilitation...

BACKGROUND: Balance is considered to be task-specific as indicated by studies reporting only small-sized and non-significant correlations between types of balance (e.g., static, dynamic). However, it remains unclear whether these associations differ by age and the comparability of studies is limited due to methodological inconsistencies. RESEARCH QUESTION: Are associations between types of balance performance affected by age in children, adolescents, and young adults? METHODS: Static, dynamic, and proactive balance performance was assessed in 30 children (7...

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a post-hoc method for reducing knee crosstalk errors that arise from marker misplacement during gait analysis. PCA minimizes correlations between flexion-extension (FE), abduction-adduction (AA), and internal-external rotation (IE) angles. However, previous studies have not considered PCA for exercises involving knee flexion angles that are greater than those typically experienced during gait. Fifteen participants were tested in gait and cycling using a motion analysis system...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have analysed the effect of wearing high-heeled shoes (HHS) on gait analysis, balance and its relation to health. However, further research is needed to study its effect on the difference of chain reactions in the transfer of body impacts from the lower to the upper limbs. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the present research were: (a) to compare the effects of wearing HHS on impacts across body joints during walking with sport shoes (SS) as a reference, and (b) to examine such effects at different speeds...

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery improves knee joint kinematics and kinetics during gait for most patients, but a lack of evidence exists for the level and incidence of improvement that is achieved. The objective of this study was to quantify patient-specific improvements in knee biomechanics relative to osteoarthritis (OA) severity levels. Seventy-two patients underwent 3-dimensional (3D) gait analysis before and 1 year after TKA surgery, as well as 72 asymptomatic adults and 72 with moderate knee OA...

BACKGROUND: Motor signs in patients with dementia are associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline, institutionalisation, death and increased health care costs, but prevalences differ between studies. The aims of this study were to employ a natural language processing pipeline to detect motor signs in a patient cohort in routine care; to explore which other difficulties occur co-morbid to motor signs; and whether these, as a group and individually, predict adverse outcomes. METHODS: A cohort of 11,106 patients with dementia in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia or a combination was assembled from a large dementia care health records database in South East London...

Background: Wearable step-counter devices have become inexpensive tools that enable patients, researchers, and clinicians to objectively monitor physical activity. It is unknown how the use of gait aids, such as canes, crutches, and walkers, affects the accuracy of these devices. Such gait aids are commonly used by patients with chronic physical impairment and after joint-replacement surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gait aids on the accuracy of wearable step counters...

BACKGROUND: Dravet Syndrome (DS) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy starting in infancy and characterised by treatment resistant epilepsy with cognitive impairment and progressive motor dysfunction. Walking becomes markedly impaired with age, but the mechanical nature of gait problems remains unclear. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the kinetic strategies characterised in gait of patients with DS? METHODS: This case-control study compared 41 patients with DS aged 5...

BACKGROUND: The authors assessed the cross-sectional association of physical function measures with cognition in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences Cohort. METHODS: Analyses included 1369 participants (24% Asian, 26% Black, 18% Latino, 32% White). Grip strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer (kilograms) and gait speed was measured over a 4-m walk (seconds/meter). The Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales was used to evaluate cognitive domains of executive function, semantic memory, and verbal episodic memory...

OBJECTIVES: Remote assessment of gait in patients' homes has become a valuable tool for monitoring the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, these measurements are often not as accurate or reliable as clinical evaluations because it is challenging to objectively distinguish the unique gait characteristics of PD. We explore the inference of patients' stage of PD from their gait using machine learning analyses of data gathered from their smartphone sensors. Specifically, we investigate supervised machine learning (ML) models to classify the severity of the motor part of the UPDRS (MDS-UPDRS 2...

Background and objective: Restoring the shoulder function is a crucial demand of patients with rotator cuff (RC) tears. Most preclinical studies only focused on biological and mechanical measurements. Functional assessment was less investigated in the preclinical studies. This study aims to review the literature of shoulder function in animal models for RC tears and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of different shoulder functional assessments and animal models. Method: A literature search for studies used RC tear animal models to evaluate changes in shoulder function was performed...

OBJECTIVES: Acute hospitalization may lead to a decrease in muscle measures, but limited studies are reporting on the changes after discharge. The aim of this study was to determine longitudinal changes in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in acutely hospitalized older adults from admission up to 3 months post-discharge. DESIGN: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This study included 401 participants aged ≥70 years who were acutely hospitalized in 6 hospitals...

The mechanical environment of the joint during dynamic activity plays a significant role in osteoarthritis processes. Understanding how the magnitude, pattern and duration of joint-specific loading features contribute to osteoarthritis progression and response to treatment is a topic of on-going relevance. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from recent papers that have contributed to knowledge related to three identified emerging subthemes: 1) the role of the joint mechanical environment in osteoarthritis pathogenesis, 2) joint biomechanics as an outcome to arthroplasty treatment of osteoarthritis, and 3) methodological trends for advancing our knowledge of the role of biomechanics in osteoarthritis...

Pathogenic variants in L1CAM, the gene encoding the L1 cell adhesion molecule, are responsible for a wide clinical spectrum including X-linked hydrocephalus with stenosis of the Sylvius aqueduct, MASA syndrome (mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, adducted thumbs), and a form of spastic paraplegia (SPG1). A moderate phenotype with mild intellectual disability (ID) and X-linked partial corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) has only been related to L1CAM in one family. We report here a second family, including 5 patients with mild to moderate ID and partial CCA without signs usually associated with L1CAM pathogenic variations (such as hydrocephalus, pyramidal syndrome, thumb adductus, aphasia)...