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REVIEW
Vasilis-Spyridon Tseriotis, Theodoros Mavridis, Kyriaki Eleftheriadou, Georgios Konstantis, David-Dimitris Chlorogiannis, Pavlos Pavlidis, Chryssa Pourzitaki, Marianthi Arnaoutoglou, Konitsiotis Spyridon
INTRODUCTION: Loss of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity (DNH) on iron-sensitive brain MRI is useful for Parkinson's disease detection. DNH loss could also be of diagnostic value in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), an a-synuclein-related pathology. We aim to quantitatively synthesize evidence, investigating the role of MRI, a first-line imaging modality, in early DLB detection and differentiation from other dementias. METHODS: Our study was conducted according to the PRISMA statement...
May 27, 2024: Journal of Neurology
#2
REVIEW
Ana Luisa Sosa, Sonia Md Brucki, Lucia Crivelli, Francisco Javier Lopera, Daisy M Acosta, Juliana Acosta-Uribe, Diego Aguilar, Sara G Aguilar-Navarro, Ricardo F Allegri, Paulo Hf Bertolucci, Ismael L Calandri, Maria C Carrillo, Patricio Alexis Chrem Mendez, Mario Cornejo-Olivas, Nilton Custodio, Andrés Damian, Leonardo Cruz de Souza, Claudia Duran-Aniotz, Adolfo M García, Carmen García-Peña, Mitzi M Gonzales, Lea T Grinberg, Agustin M Ibanez, Maryenela Zaida Illanes-Manrique, Clifford R Jack, Jorge Mario Leon-Salas, Jorge J Llibre-Guerra, José Luna-Muñoz, Diana Matallana, Bruce L Miller, Lorina Naci, Mario A Parra, Margaret Pericak-Vance, Stefanie D Piña-Escudero, Elisa de Paula França Resende, John M Ringman, Gustavo Sevlever, Andrea Slachevsky, Claudia Kimie Suemoto, Victor Valcour, Andres Villegas-Lanau, Mônica S Yassuda, Simin Mahinrad, Claire Sexton
INTRODUCTION: While Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care. METHODS: In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association hosted its eighth satellite symposium in Mexico, highlighting emerging dementia research, priorities, and challenges within LatAm. RESULTS: Significant initiatives in the region, including intracountry support, showcased their efforts in fostering national and international collaborations; genetic studies unveiled the unique genetic admixture in LatAm; researchers conducting emerging clinical trials discussed ongoing culturally specific interventions; and the urgent need to harmonize practices and studies, improve diagnosis and care, and use affordable biomarkers in the region was highlighted...
May 27, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaomeng Liu, Hongjiao Li
BACKGROUND: Aging has been implicated in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by long-term irritation of the periodontal tissues by the plaque biofilm on the surface of the teeth. However, only a few bibliometric analyses have systematically studied this field to date. This work sought to visualize research hot spots and trends in aging associated with periodontitis from 2002 to 2023 through bibliometric approaches...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ariane Bercu, Carole Dufouil, Stéphanie Debette, Marc Joliot, Ami Tsuchida, Catherine Helmer, Anthony Devaux, Vincent Bouteloup, Cécile Proust-Lima, Hélène Jacqmin-Gadda
ABSTRACT: The utility of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting dementia is debated. We evaluated the added value of repeated brain MRI, including atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease markers, for dementia prediction. We conducted a landmark competing risk analysis in 1716 participants of the French population-based Three-City Study to predict the 5-year risk of dementia using repeated measures of 41 predictors till year 4 of follow-up. Brain MRI markers improved significantly the individual prediction of dementia after accounting for demographics, health measures, and repeated measures of cognition and functional dependency (area under the ROC curve [95% CI] improved from 0...
2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
#5
Adley Gin, Phuong-Diem Nguyen, Geidy Serrano, Gene Alexander, Judith Su
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive form of dementia affecting almost 55 million people worldwide. It is characterized by the abnormal deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles within the brain, leading to a pathological cascade of neuron degeneration and death as well as memory loss and cognitive decline. Amyloid beta (Aβ) is an AD biomarker present in cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum and correlates with the presence of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain. Measuring the levels of Aβ can help with early diagnosis of AD, which is key for studying novel AD drugs and delaying the symptoms of dementia...
May 17, 2024: Research Square
#6
Jr-Jiun Liou, Jinghang Li, Jacob Berardinelli, Hecheng Jin, Tales Santini, Jaehoon Noh, Nadim Farhat, Minjie Wu, Howard Aizenstein, Joseph M Mettenburg, William Yong, Elizabeth Head, Milos Ikonomovic, Tamer Ibrahim, Julia Kofler
Numerous research groups worldwide have focused on postmortem imaging to bridge the resolution gap between clinical neuroimaging and neuropathology data. We developed a standardized protocol for brain embedding, imaging, and processing, facilitating alignment between antemortem MRI, postmortem MRI, and pathology to observe brain atrophy and structural damage progression over time. Using 7T postmortem ex vivo MRI, we explore the potential correlation of amygdala and hippocampal atrophy with neuropathological burden in both Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) cohorts...
May 15, 2024: medRxiv
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Terrie T Wetle, Courtney H Van Houtven, Megan E Shepherd-Banigan, Emmanuelle Belanger, Elyse Couch, Corinna Sorenson, Emily A Gadbois, James R Burke, Eric Jutkowitz, Emily C O'Brien, Brenda L Plassman
Beta amyloid PET scans are a minimally invasive biomarker that may inform Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. The Caregiver's Reactions and Experience (CARE) study, an IDEAS supplement, aimed to understand experiences of PET scan recipients and their care partners regarding motivations for scans, reporting and interpreting results, and impact of results. Patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia who agreed to join the CARE-IDEAS study and their care partners participated in a baseline survey and follow-up survey approximately 18 months later, supplemented by in-depth qualitative interviews with subsets of participants...
May 26, 2024: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diala Lteif, Sandeep Sreerama, Sarah A Bargal, Bryan A Plummer, Rhoda Au, Vijaya B Kolachalama
Development of deep learning models to evaluate structural brain changes caused by cognitive impairment in MRI scans holds significant translational value. The efficacy of these models often encounters challenges due to variabilities arising from different data generation protocols, imaging equipment, radiological artifacts, and shifts in demographic distributions. Domain generalization (DG) techniques show promise in addressing these challenges by enabling the model to learn from one or more source domains and apply this knowledge to new, unseen target domains...
June 1, 2024: Human Brain Mapping
#9
REVIEW
Juan F Zapata-Acevedo, Alejandra Mantilla-Galindo, Karina Vargas-Sánchez, Rodrigo E González-Reyes
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface that regulates the exchange of molecules and cells between the brain parenchyma and the peripheral blood. The BBB is mainly composed of endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. The integrity of this structure is essential for maintaining brain and spinal cord homeostasis and protection from injury or disease. However, in various neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis, the BBB can become compromised thus allowing passage of molecules and cells in and out of the central nervous system parenchyma...
2024: Advances in Clinical Chemistry
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dora Brikou, Maria-Anna Dimopoulou, Archontoula Drouka, Eva Ntanasi, Eirini Mamalaki, Yian Gu, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Mary Yannakoulia
BACKGROUND: The potential association between temporal dimensions of eating and cognition/cognitive declines has been poorly investigated so far. OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to examine relationships between eating frequency, timing and time window and cognitive performance and novel Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarkers in cognitively healthy and mildly cognitively impaired middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were derived from the ALBION cohort study, including people ≥40-years old who have a positive family history of cognitive disorder or cognition-related concerns...
May 24, 2024: Journal of Nutrition
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carmen Peña-Bautista, Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez, Gemma García-Lluch, Luis Raga, Paola Quevedo, Mar Peretó, Angel Balaguer, Miguel Baquero, Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and complex disease in which different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved. This heterogenicity can be reflected in different atrophy patterns or clinical manifestations. Regarding biochemical pathways involved in early AD, lipid metabolism plays an important role; therefore, lipid levels have been evaluated as potential AD diagnosis biomarkers, and their levels could be related to different AD clinical manifestations. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study AD lipid profiles from early AD patients and evaluate their clinical significance...
May 13, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#12
REVIEW
Jialin Li, Anita Haj Ebrahimi, Afia B Ali
Dementia exists as a 'progressive clinical syndrome of deteriorating mental function significant enough to interfere with activities of daily living', with the most prevalent type of dementia being Alzheimer's disease (AD), accounting for about 80% of diagnosed cases. AD is associated with an increased risk of comorbidity with other clinical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) including, agitation, anxiety, and depression as well as increased mortality in late life...
May 9, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppe Mario Bentivenga, Simone Baiardi, Andrea Mastrangelo, Corrado Zenesini, Angela Mammana, Marcello Rossi, Barbara Polischi, Sabina Capellari, Piero Parchi
The diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (pl-GFAP) in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) has never been assessed in the clinical setting of rapidly progressive dementia (RPD). Using commercially available immunoassays, we assayed the plasma levels of GFAP, tau (pl-tau), and neurofilament light chain (pl-NfL) and the CSF total tau (t-tau), 14-3-3, NfL, phospho-tau181 (p-tau), and amyloid-beta isoforms 42 (Aβ42 ) and 40 (Aβ40 ) in sCJD ( n = 132) and non-prion RPD (np-RPD) ( n = 94) patients, and healthy controls (HC) ( n = 54)...
May 8, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefanos N Sampatakakis, Niki Mourtzi, Sokratis Charisis, Faidra Kalligerou, Eirini Mamalaki, Eva Ntanasi, Alex Hatzimanolis, Georgios Koutsis, Alfredo Ramirez, Jean-Charles Lambert, Mary Yannakoulia, Mary H Kosmidis, Efthimios Dardiotis, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Paraskevi Sakka, Konstantinos Rouskas, Kostas Patas, Nikolaos Scarmeas
The possible relationship between Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and dementia needs further investigation. In the present study, we explored the association between specific biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42 ) and Tau with the odds of SCD using data from two ongoing studies. In total, 849 cognitively normal (CN) individuals were included in our analyses. Among the participants, 107 had available results regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 and Tau, while 742 had available genetic data to construct polygenic risk scores (PRSs) reflecting their genetic predisposition for CSF Aβ42 and plasma total Tau levels...
May 10, 2024: Biomedicines
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeanne Mandelblatt, Jeffrey L Dage, Xingtao Zhou, Brent J Small, Tim A Ahles, Jaeil Ahn, Ashley Artese, Traci N Bethea, Elizabeth C Breen, Judith E Carroll, Harvey J Cohen, Martine Extermann, Deena Graham, Claudine Isaacs, Heather S L Jim, Brenna C Mcdonald, Zev M Nakamura, Sunita K Patel, G William Rebeck, Kelly E Rentscher, James C Root, Kristen A Russ, Danielle B Tometich, R Scott Turner, Kathleen Van Dyk, Wanting Zhai, Li-Wen Huang, Andrew J Saykin
PURPOSE: We evaluated whether plasma Alzheimer's Disease (AD)-related biomarkers were associated with cancer-related cognitive decline (CRCD) among older breast cancer survivors. METHODS: We included survivors 60-90 years with primary stage 0-III breast cancers (n = 236) and frequency-matched non-cancer controls (n = 154) who passed a cognitive screen and had banked plasma specimens. Participants were assessed at baseline (pre-systemic therapy) and annually for up to 60-months...
May 24, 2024: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrzej W Przybyszewski, Artur Chudzik
There has been a lot of buzz surrounding new drug discoveries that claim to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is crucial to keep in mind that the changes in the brain linked to AD start occurring 20-30 years before the first symptoms arise. By the time symptoms become apparent, many areas of the brain have already been affected. That's why experts are focusing on identifying the onset of the neurodegeneration processes to prevent or cure AD effectively. Scientists use biomarkers and machine learning methods to analyze AD progressions and estimate them "backward" in time to discover the beginning of the disease...
May 18, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naomi Louisa Paula Starmans, Laurens Jaap Kappelle, Majon Muller, Julie Staals, Charlotte Elisabeth Teunissen, Geert Jan Biessels, Wiesje Maria van der Flier, Frank Johannes Wolters
Higher blood pressure variability (BPV) predisposes to cognitive decline. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we measured 24-h ambulatory BPV, nocturnal dipping and orthostatic hypotension in 518 participants with vascular cognitive impairment, carotid occlusive disease, heart failure, or reference participants. We determined cross-sectional associations between BPV indices and plasma biomarkers of neuronal injury (neurofilament light chain) and Alzheimer's disease (phosphorylated-tau-181 and Aβ42/Aβ40)...
May 21, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Wang, Wei Zhang, Joshua M A Maclin, Hua Xu, Bo Hong, Feng Yan, Yuanyuan Liu, Haining He, Huafeng Liang, Chunbo Li, Yiru Fang, Shifu Xiao
BACKGROUND: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE: To identify lncRNAs in the peripheral blood as potential diagnostic biomarkers for amnestic mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: In the discovery group, a microarray was used to screen for significant differences in lncRNA expression between patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) caused by AD and normal controls (NCs) (n = 10; MCI, 5; NC, 5)...
May 20, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiuxiu Huang, Jiaxin Wang, Shifang Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhao, Ran An, Yue Lan, Ming Yi, Qiaoqin Wan
BACKGROUND: Reliable blood biomarkers are crucial for early detection and treatment evaluation of cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether plasma biomarkers and their combination are different between older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively normal individuals, and to explore their relations with cognitive performance. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 250 older adults, including 124 participants with MCI, and 126 cognitively normal participants...
May 23, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuek Ling Chai, Lea Strohm, Yanan Zhu, Rachel S L Chia, Joyce Ruifen Chong, Danesha Devini Suresh, Li Han Zhou, Heng Phon Too, Saima Hilal, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Edward H Koo, Christopher P Chen, Gunnar Heiko Dirk Poplawski
BACKGROUND: Emerging diagnostic modalities suggest that miRNA profiles within extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from peripheral blood specimens may provide a non-invasive diagnostic alternative for dementia and neurodegenerative disorders. Given that EVs confer a protective environment against miRNA enzymatic degradation, the miRNAs enriched in the EV fraction of blood samples could serve as more stable and clinically relevant biomarkers compared to those obtained from serum. OBJECTIVE: To compare miRNAs isolated from EVs versus serum in blood taken from Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia patients and control cohorts...
May 21, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
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