Electronic apex locater

This study aims to evaluate the ability of Raypex 6, Propex Pixi, Dentaport ZX, Apex ID, Propex II and Dr.'s Finder NEO to detect minimum root canal perforation diameter. One hundred single-rooted, extracted human teeth were artificially perforated by 5 burs in different diameters (0.25-1.25 mm) in 5 mm above the apex. Twenty teeth were assigned to each group. The actual canal lengths (AL) were measured under stereomicroscope followed by a measurement of electronic canal length (EL) using each electronic apex locator (EAL)...

This study investigated variation in working length during multiple-visit endodontic treatment. Patients (N = 106) with pulpitis or pulp necrosis, with or without apical periodontitis, were included. During the first appointment, glide path was performed with ProGlider and shaping with ProTaper Next. Working length was detected four times. Working length was then re-recorded prior to filling during the second appointment and a 0.5 mm threshold was selected as the minimum clinically meaningful variation...

Mouthparts are the crucial sensory and feeding organs associated with food detection and feeding in insects. The Asian ricaniid planthopper Ricania speculum (Walker), recently introduced into Europe, can cause severe economic damage by sucking the phloem sap of tea, camphor, citrus, black locust and other plants using piercing-sucking mouthparts. To facilitate comprehensive understanding of feeding mechanisms in the Ricaniidae, the fine structure of the mouthparts of Ricania speculum was observed by scanning electron microscopy for the first time...

This study evaluated the accuracy of the Wirele-X (Forum Tec, Ashkelon, Israel), a novel Bluetooth-enabled wireless electronic apex locator. Thirty-one extracted teeth with mature apices were used. Under 10X magnification, the actual canal lengths were determined. The teeth were embedded in alginate and electronic canal lengths were obtained using the Root ZX II and Wirele-X electronic apex locators. The actual canal lengths and electronic canal lengths were compared with Student's t-test. The average distance from the file tip to the actual canal length was -0...

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of open apex on working length (WL) determination with aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and electronic apex locators (EALs). Methods: Thirty-two extracted human mandibular premolars were selected, and apical 5 mm was removed. Root canals were prepared from the apical to the coronal direction of the canal using peeso reamers up to size 5 (retrograde) to simulate open apex. The samples were analyzed by CBCT, and WL was established (CWL) by a radiologist...

BACKGROUND: The lack of a well-defined apical constriction in primary teeth raises concerns regarding the accuracy of electronic apex locators (EALs) for measuring working length. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of EALs in determining working length in primary teeth pulpectomies. METHODS: Two reviewers searched ten databases up to September 2021. Clinical studies evaluating the accuracy of the electronic measurement of working length in primary teeth pulpectomies were included...

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare the in vivo accuracy of Wirele-X and RootZX II electronic apex locators (EALs) in determining the position of the major foramen using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as the analytical tool. METHODS: Eleven vital teeth planned for extraction from 5 patients were used. After conventional access cavity preparation, root canals were flared and negotiated up to the apical third with sizes 08 and 10 K-files followed by irrigation with 2...

The present meta-analysis aimed to describe the methods to determine the working length in primary teeth pulpectomy, also evaluating and comparing their reliability. A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA Statement. The electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. After the screening protocol, a number of 14 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while seven were included in the quantitative one. The mean working length determined by the electronic apex locator was 11...

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the accuracy in measuring the working length (WL) using Dentaport ZX, Rootor, and a newly introduced budget friendly electronic apex locator (EAL), E-Pex Pro in two commonly simulated clinical conditions (in the presence of irrigant and blood). Materials and Methodology: Eighty-eight single-rooted premolars were randomly assigned to two groups according to simulated clinical conditions: Group 1: Presence of irrigant (5% NaOCl) and Group 2: Presence of blood...

Efficient working length determination is essential for a successful endodontic treatment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether the method for determining the working length of root canals (radiographic or electronic) influences the obturation level of primary molars. Thus, a controlled, triple-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted. Sixty-four children aged 6 to 9 years with an indication for primary molar pulpectomy were included. Participants were divided into two groups according to the method used to determine the working length of the root canals: (G1) radiographic and (G2) using an electronic apex locator...

Aim and objective: To compare the accuracy of radiovisiography (RVG), Root ZX mini Apex locator, and Endo radar's inbuilt Apex Locator during working length determination determination in primary teeth with the actual/direct canal length. Materials and methods: 58 primary teeth indicated for extraction in children of age group 4-12 years were selected. RVG, Root ZX mini Apex Locator, and Endo radar's Apex Locator were used to determine the working length intraorally...

Background: In primary teeth, working length determination is complicated due to its continuous alteration in dimension, shape, and root apex position. Accurate working length determination is essential to achieve the optimal cleaning and disinfection of the canal. Despite the use of conventional radiographic method, newer methods are available to increase the accuracy of WL determination. This study aims to compare electronic apex locator (EAL) with radiographic method of WL determination and to evaluate its accuracy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)...

This study investigated the accuracy of two electronic apex locators (DentaPort and Bingo) using heat-treated nickel-titanium files. The true root canal length of 30 single-rooted teeth was determined using K files. Next, the electronically measured length was determined using two nickel-titanium files (ProGlider and HyFlex EDM Glide Path File) with two electronic apex locators at the 'APEX' marks. The accuracy of the electronic apex locator was evaluated by comparing the true root canal length and electronically measured length for each measurement...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate adoption and integration of technological aids during endodontic treatment and where dental practitioners (DPs) learnt to use this technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic questionnaire was distributed to all 459 dentists who graduated from University of Bergen between 2008 and 2018. The respondents were divided into two cohorts, older graduates (2008-2013) and newer graduates(2014-2018). RESULTS: A total of 314(68...

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the variability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management and how it may be affected by patient characteristics across different healthcare systems in the US. This study aims to describe demographic and clinical characteristics of people with COPD and compare management across five primary care medical groups in the US. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational registry study utilizing electronic health records stored in the Advancing the Patient Experience (APEX) COPD registry...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agreements between the root canal length estimations using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) at different slice thicknesses, dedicated software, or an electronic apex locator (EAL) and the actual lengths (AL). In total, 111 extracted human molars with 302 root canals were chosen. Teeth were scanned using a CBCT device at a voxel size of 0.075 mm. Root canal lengths were estimated using CBCT software at different slice thicknesses (0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mm) and dedicated software for proposed or operator lengths...

Horizontal root fractures (HRF) were observed mostly in the anterior teeth of young adults due to dental injury. However, HRFs in posterior teeth (PHRF) without dental trauma cannot be neglected. The etiology and risk factors of PHRF were unclear. Lower premolars and palatal root of maxillary molars were particularly affected, indicating the specificity of this diseased entity. PHRF were mainly reported in Asian population, suggesting possible racial difference. Whereas most PHRF teeth showed symptoms mimicking endodontic and periodontal lesions, some affected teeth were asymptomatic...

Papilionoideae is the most diverse subfamily of Leguminosae, especially in terms of floral morphology. The ADA clade shows some exciting floral features among papilionoids, such as anther glands. However, the evolution of the anther glands in such early-branching papilionoids remains unknown. Thus, we compared the occurrence, distribution, morphology, and evolutionary history of the anther glands in species of the ADA clade. Floral buds and/or flowers in 50 species were collected from herbarium specimens and investigated using scanning electron and light microscopy and reconstruction of ancestral character states...

Background and objective: The accurate determination of working length has a major influence on the prognosis of root canal treatment. Electronic Apex Locators (EALs) appear to be excellent tools for the determination of working length (WL). This study aimed to assess the accuracy of four generations of EALs. Materials and methods: For the purpose of the present review study, articles on different generations of EALs were selected from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases using the search term apex locators...

The current observation was designed to give a complete ultrastructural description of the pecten oculi of the common ostrich (Struthio camelus). Moreover, this study represents the first attempt to measurements the elements composition of the pecten oculi using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) at three regions (apical, body, and basal). To accomplish this study, eight ostrich were examined grossly and under the electron microscope. The vaned-shaped pecten oculi consisted of three regions (apex, body, and base) with 24-25 plates...