Analgesic[title]

The purpose of this study is to review the published papers investigating maternal acetaminophen (AP) use during pregnancy and its effect on the offspring's neurodevelopment, particularly autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Acetaminophen is an over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic considered safe in pregnancy. Recent studies have found an association between acetaminophen and immune system alterations like asthma and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We used online databases (PubMed/Medline/PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) to search the studies relevant to our topic...

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the depth of intraoperative analgesia with non-opioid anesthesia. This study evaluated whether opioid-free anesthesia can provide an effective analgesia-antinociception balance monitored by the / pain threshold index in laparoscopic radical colectomy. METHODS: We enrolled 102 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy with general anesthesia. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to receive opioid-free anesthesia (group OFA) with dexmedetomidine (loading dose with 0...

Background: Acute renal colic caused by urinary calculi has a considerable impact on the quality of life. Pain relief is the primary goal in the management of patients with acute renal colic caused by urinary calculi. At present, there is no systematic evaluation of the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture in the treatment of acute renal colic caused by urinary calculi in adults. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture in the treatment of acute renal colic caused by urinary calculi in adults...

OBJECTIVES: Pain, a complex subjective experience, is common in care home residents. Despite advances in pain management, optimal pain control remains a challenge. In this updated systematic review, we examined effectiveness of interventions for treating chronic pain in care home residents. DESIGN: A Cochrane-style systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA guidelines. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and intervention studies included care home residents aged ≥60 years receiving interventions to reduce chronic pain...

OBJECTIVES: Cannabinoids have gained popularity recently with special emphasis on their use for chronic pain. Although NICE guidelines advise against their usage for management of chronic pain, almost all rheumatologists encounter a few patients in their daily practice who either use them or are curious about them. We reviewed the mechanism of action of cannabinoids, current knowledge about their role in rheumatology and potential drug interactions with common drugs used in Rheumatology...

The mucocele is the most common minor salivary gland associated disease of the oral cavity. It is also considered one of the most common biopsied oral lesions in pediatric patients. In recent years, extensive evidence has been published about the usage of lasers in treating mucoceles in pediatric patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of laser irradiation in the treatment of pediatric mucocele. An electronic search of databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was carried out in order to identify all relevant articles using a combination of the following keywords: "Pediatric", "Oral", "Mucocele", "Dental", "Oral Medicine", "Soft Dental Lasers", "Hard Dental Lasers", and "Lasers," for all case reports, case series, case-control and cohort studies published from 2007 to 2021...

INTRODUCTION: Assessment and management of pain in elderly people with cognitive impairment is particularly challenging. Physiological changes due to aging as well as comorbidities and polypharmacy are responsible for a complex clinical approach. Concomitantly, in cognitive impairment, including advanced dementia, changes in the central nervous system along with changes in the peripheral nervous system due to aging have a significant impact on pain perception. Sometimes clinicians decide to prescribe opioids to relieve pain, also without a clear indication...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Multimodal therapies are often employed to treat chronic pain, and ß2-agonists are a potential drug class that shows promise. The primary aim of this paper is to discuss the role of ß2-agonists as an adjunctive therapy for chronic pain based on the current literature. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies in mouse models have shown that the ß2-adrenergic system plays an essential role in the analgesic properties of antidepressant drugs used to treat neuropathic pain and that the adrenergic relies on an intact endogenous opioid system to be effective...

Prostate biopsy is a standard urological procedure and a valuable tool for identifying prostate cancer. To assess the effect of music on outpatient prostate biopsy, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of literature to understand if music reduced the use of analgesics and anxiolytics. The systematic review was performed in line with the Cochrane guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. The databases searched included MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials...

Ankle blocks are commonly used as surgical anesthetics and for postoperative analgesia during foot surgeries. It is chiefly an infiltration block which utilizes a localized anesthetic approach for providing surgical anaesthesia for a variety of foot procedures. Thus, in this systematic review, we focus primarily on the use, effectiveness, success and failures of regional ankle blocks in outpatient surgeries and hereby compare them with other anesthetic techniques and agents commonly used. Literature search was carried out using PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library for the studies existing till April 2021...

Purpose: To consolidate the evidence from the available literature and undertake a meta-analysis to provide a reference for physicians to make evidence-based recommendations to their patients regarding the return to driving after hip or knee arthroscopic procedures. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The OVID, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched through June 2020 for articles containing keywords and/or MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms "hip arthroscopy" and "knee arthroscopy" in conjunction with "total brake response time" or "reaction time" in the context of automobile driving...

AIM: The reactions were carried out by one pot three-component synthesis, 3-cyanoacetylindole (1) on reaction with aromatic aldehydes (2) and β-naphthol (3) in an aqueous medium in presence of L-proline as a catalyst under reflux for 30 min, resulted (3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl) (1H-indol-3-yl)methanone (4). The method has many advantages like short reaction times, good yields and simple workup procedure besides being green in nature. Pharmacological evaluation of title compounds was done for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities...

BACKGROUND: Arterial puncture-related pain remains unaddressed across several clinical settings. Analgesic techniques are not routinely employed before arterial puncture despite the recommendation that local anesthesia be used, except in emergencies. A comprehensive review of interventions aimed at reducing arterial puncture-related pain and their potential effectiveness is lacking, and the benefit of some interventions is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To describe interventions aimed at reducing arterial puncture-related pain and provide an estimate of their effectiveness...

Objective : To conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess whether music reduces the use of analgesics and anxiolytics during flexible cystoscopy. Methods : The systematic review was performed in line with the Cochrane guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The databases searched included the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Clinicaltrials...

Triazole is an imperative heterocycle renowned for its broad-spectrum biological significance. In this manuscript, facile microwave-assisted synthesis of a series of 4-(benzylideneamino)-3-(1-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-1 H -1,2,4-triazole-5(4 H )-thione 6 ( a-m ) derivatives along with their in vivo analgesic activity is reported. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoic acid (flurbiprofen) was converted to methyl 2-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoate using microwave irradiation, followed by its hydrazinolysis with hydrazine monohydrate...

BACKGROUND: Plants of the genus Cannabis have been gaining attention in medicine. The most outstanding treatments include antispasmodic, analgesic, antiemetic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory actions. OBJECTIVE: To describe patents associated cannabis and cannabinoids as a treatment for pregnant women. METHOD: a search was carried out on four patent bases: National Institute of Industrial Property, Latipat, Espacenet, and Patentscope...

INTRODUCTION: With the increasing number of breast cancer survivors and reconstruction operations, persistent pain following breast cancer surgery (PPBCT) and its management is becoming a challenge for plastic surgeons. To date, most studies compared the difference in the level of PPBCT in reconstruction versus nonreconstruction groups. We systematically reviewed the literature to assess the impact of implant-based reconstruction on PPBCT levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: "Ya gai", an important part of Dai medical theory, is traditionally recognized as an antidote. Kopsia officinalis Tsiang et P. T. Li is a "Ya gai" related medicine and has been widely used by Dai people for the treatment of pain and inflammation. Previous literature on title species suggested that monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) could be its main bioactive components. However, the specific bioactive ingredients for inflammation-related treatment are still unrevealed, which inspired us to conduct a phytochemical and pharmacological investigation related to its traditional use...

BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain (NP) is common and often resistant to conventional analgesics. Among different types of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been widely used to mitigate pain in patients with NP. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to review the effects of tDCS on the management of various types of NP. STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review. METHODS: A PubMed search was conducted for articles published until October 1, 2020, using tDCS to treat NP...

In 1683, a self-proclaimed apothecary physician and London professor of physick by the name of Guilelmus (William) Salmon authored a pharmacopoeia titled Doron medicum , the 'gift of medicine' (Greek/Latin translation). This text formulates an English supplement to the Latin Materia medica (16th century), discussing internal and external compound medicines of the late 17th century. This pharmacopoeia enabled those incapable of reading Latin to provide medical care to a challenging post-plague community. Opiology, mercury, dragon's blood, willow bark, animal preparations and therapies now considered obscure, provide insight into therapies at the time...