keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536869/study-protocol-identifying-transcriptional-regulatory-alterations-of-chronic-effects-of-blast-and-disturbed-sleep-in-united-states-veterans
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly J Sullan, Kelly A Stearns-Yoder, Zhaoyu Wang, Andrew J Hoisington, Adam D Bramoweth, Walter Carr, Yongchao Ge, Hanga Galfalvy, Fatemah Haghighi, Lisa A Brenner
Injury related to blast exposure dramatically rose during post-911 era military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is among the most common injuries following blast, an exposure that may not result in a definitive physiologic marker (e.g., loss of consciousness). Recent research suggests that exposure to low level blasts and, more specifically repetitive blast exposure (RBE), which may be subconcussive in nature, may also impact long term physiologic and psychological outcomes, though findings have been mixed...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535893/effects-of-quercetin-on-the-dna-methylation-pattern-in-tumor-therapy-an-updated-review
#2
REVIEW
Qin Wang, Chen Ma, Nan Wang, Huixian Mao
Quercetin is a unique bioactive flavonoid, and is an excellent antioxidant and has anti-tumor effects by regulating different tumor-related processes like proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and spread. The latest investigations reveal that quercetin may have the capability to influence DNA methylation modification, one of the primary factors in the development of tumors. Despite the fact that quercetin has significant therapeutic properties, its use as an anti-tumor medicine is constrained by its poor solubility, short half-life, and ineffective tumor targeting...
March 27, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535869/identification-of-the-effects-of-5-azacytidine-on-porcine-circovirus-type-2-replication-in-porcine-kidney-cells
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiyi Shan, Qi Xiao, Kongwang He, Shenglong Wu, Wenbin Bao, Zhengchang Wu
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main pathogen causing post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which mainly targets the body's immune system and poses a serious threat to the global pig industry. 5-Azacytidine is a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation, which can participate in many important physiological and pathological processes, including virus-related processes, by inhibiting gene expression. However, the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 replication in cells is not yet clear. We explored the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 infection utilizing PK15 cells as a cellular model...
March 20, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535072/recent-insights-into-the-role-of-dna-methylation-and-histone-modifications-in-systemic-sclerosis-a-scoping-review
#4
REVIEW
Tsvetelina Kostova, Rositsa Karalilova, Zguro Batalov, Maria Kazakova, Victoria Sarafian, Anastas Batalov
Systemic sclerosis is a complex idiopathic disease originating from an intricate interplay between genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and epigenetic modifications. This scoping review aims to map the advancements made regarding DNA methylation abnormalities and histone modifications in systemic sclerosis in the past decade. A literature search was conducted using three electronic databases (Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed) to identify relevant articles. A total of 44 studies were selected for this review, demonstrating the critical contribution of epigenetic perturbations in multiple cell types to disease pathogenesis...
March 20, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534793/dynamics-and-epigenetics-of-the-epidermal-differentiation-complex
#5
REVIEW
Wiesława Leśniak
Epidermis is the outer skin layer built of specialized cells called keratinocytes. Keratinocytes undergo a unique differentiation process, also known as cornification, during which their gene expression pattern, morphology and other properties change remarkably to the effect that the terminally differentiated, cornified cells can form a physical barrier, which separates the underlying tissues from the environment. Many genes encoding proteins that are important for epidermal barrier formation are located in a gene cluster called epidermal differentiation complex (EDC)...
February 29, 2024: Epigenomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534772/5-aza-upregulates-socs3-and-ptpn6-shp1-inhibiting-stat3-and-potentiating-the-effects-of-ag490-against-primary-effusion-lymphoma-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Di Crosta, Andrea Arena, Rossella Benedetti, Maria Saveria Gilardini Montani, Mara Cirone
Epigenetic modifications, including aberrant DNA methylation occurring at the promoters of oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes and histone modifications, can contribute to carcinogenesis. Aberrant methylation mediated by histone methylatransferases, alongside histones, can affect methylation of proteins involved in the regulation of pro-survival pathways such as JAK/STAT and contribute to their activation. In this study, we used DNA or histone demethylating agents, 5-Azacytidine (5-AZA) or DS-3201 (valemetostat), respectively, to treat primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells, alone or in combination with AG490, a Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor...
March 14, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534427/epigenetic-alterations-in-alzheimer-s-disease-impact-on-insulin-signaling-and-advanced-drug-delivery-systems
#7
REVIEW
Alosh Greeny, Ayushi Nair, Prashant Sadanandan, Sairaj Satarker, Ademola C Famurewa, Madhavan Nampoothiri
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that predominantly affects the hippocampus and the entorhinal complex, leading to memory lapse and cognitive impairment. This can have a negative impact on an individual's behavior, speech, and ability to navigate their surroundings. AD is one of the principal causes of dementia. One of the most accepted theories in AD, the amyloid β (Aβ) hypothesis, assumes that the buildup of the peptide Aβ is the root cause of AD. Impaired insulin signaling in the periphery and central nervous system has been considered to have an effect on the pathophysiology of AD...
February 28, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533007/epigenetic-modification-a-novel-insight-into-diabetic-wound-healing
#8
REVIEW
Cong-Cong Ju, Xiao-Xiao Liu, Li-Hua Liu, Nan Guo, Le-Wei Guan, Jun-Xian Wu, De-Wu Liu
Wound healing is an intricate and fine regulatory process. In diabetic patients, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), biofilm formation, persistent inflammation, and angiogenesis regression contribute to delayed wound healing. Epigenetics, the fast-moving science in the 21st century, has been up to date and associated with diabetic wound repair. In this review, we go over the functions of epigenetics in diabetic wound repair in retrospect, covering transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532888/whole-genome-bisulfite-sequencing-identifies-stage-and-subtype-specific-dna-methylation-signatures-in-pancreatic-cancer
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah S Wang, Madison L Hall, EunJung Lee, Soon-Chan Kim, Neha Ramesh, Sang Hyub Lee, Jin-Young Jang, Richard J Bold, Ja-Lok Ku, Chang-Il Hwang
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), no recurrent metastasis-specific mutation has been found, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, are the major contributors of late-stage disease progression. Here, we performed the first whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on mouse and human PDAC organoid models to identify stage-specific and molecular subtype-specific DNA methylation signatures. With this approach, we identified thousands of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that can distinguish between the stages and molecular subtypes of PDAC...
April 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532825/heterogeneity-of-dna-methylation-profiles-and-copy-number-alterations-in-10782-adult-type-glioblastomas-idh-wildtype
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David E Reuss, Daniel Schrimpf, Asan Cherkezov, Abigail K Suwala, Tereza Lausová, Matija Snuderl, David Capper, Martin Sill, David T W Jones, Stefan M Pfister, Felix Sahm, Andreas von Deimling
The morphological patterns leading to the diagnosis of glioblastoma may also commonly be observed in several other distinct tumor entities, which can result in a mixed bag of tumors subsumed under this diagnosis. The 2021 WHO Classification of CNS Tumors has separated several of these entities from the diagnosis of glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype. This study determines the DNA methylation classes most likely receiving the diagnosis glioblastoma, IDH wildtype according to the definition by the WHO 2021 Classification and provides comparative copy number analyses...
January 2024: Free neuropathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532318/whole-transcriptomic-analysis-reveals-overexpression-of-salivary-gland-and-cuticular-proteins-genes-in-insecticide-resistant-anopheles-arabiensis-from-western-kenya
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana Omoke, Lucy Mackenzie Impoinvil, Dieunel Derilus, Stephen Okeyo, Helga Saizonou, Nicola Mulder, Nsa Dada, Audrey Lenhart, Luc Djogbénou, Eric Ochomo
BACKGROUND: Effective vector control is key to malaria prevention. However, this is now compromised by increased insecticide resistance due to continued reliance on insecticide-based control interventions. In Kenya, we have observed heterogenous resistance to pyrethroids and organophosphates in Anopheles arabiensis which is one of the most widespread malaria vectors in the country. We investigated the gene expression profiles of insecticide resistant An. arabiensis populations from Migori and Siaya counties in Western Kenya using RNA-Sequencing...
March 27, 2024: BMC Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532089/quantitative-analysis-of-epigenetic-modifications-in-fagopyrum-nuclei-with-confocal-microscope-imagej-and-r-studio
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicja Tomasiak, Lea Sophie Berg, Katarzyna Sala, Agnieszka Braszewska
Epigenetic programming plays a vital role in regulating pluripotency genes, which become activated or inactivated during the processes of dedifferentiation and differentiation during an organism's development. The analysis of epigenetic modifications has become possible through the technique of immunostaining, where specific antibodies allow the identification of a single target protein. This chapter describes a detailed protocol for the analysis of the epigenetic modifications with the use of confocal microscopy, subsequent image, and statistical analysis on the example of Fagopyrum calli with the use of nine antibodies raised against histone H3 and H4 methylation and acetylation on several lysines as well as DNA methylation...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532088/immunostaining-for-epigenetic-modifications-in-fagopyrum-calli
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicja Tomasiak, Katarzyna Sala, Agnieszka Braszewska
Immunostaining is a well-established technique for identifying specific proteins in tissue samples with specific antibodies to identify a single target protein. It is commonly used in research and provides information about cellular localization and protein expression levels. This chapter describes a detailed protocol for immunostaining fixed Fagopyrum calli embedded in Steedman's wax using nine antibodies raised against histone H3 and H4 methylation and acetylation on several lysines and DNA methylation.
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531808/implementable-assay-for-monitoring-minimum-residual-disease-after-radical-treatment-for-colorectal-cancer
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takafumi Nakano, Seiichiro Takao, Katsushi Dairaku, Naoki Uno, Siew-Kee Amanda Low, Masahiro Hashimoto, Yasuo Tsuda, Yuichi Hisamatsu, Takeo Toshima, Yusuke Yonemura, Takaaki Masuda, Ken Eto, Toru Ikegami, Yosuke Fukunaga, Atsushi Niida, Satoshi Nagayama, Koshi Mimori
Considering the cost and invasiveness of monitoring postoperative minimal residual disease (MRD) of colorectal cancer (CRC) after adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACT), we developed a favorable approach based on methylated circulating tumor DNA to detect MRD after radical resection. Analyzing the public database, we identified the methylated promoter regions of the genes FGD5, GPC6, and MSC. Using digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), we termed the "amplicon of methylated sites using a specific enzyme" assay as "AMUSE...
March 26, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531796/dna-methylation-regulated-hoxc8-s-role-in-her2-positive-breast-cancer-function-and-its-contribution-to-herceptin-resistance
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofeng Xie, Sijia Tang, Zhengyang Yu
BACKGROUND: The epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER2 ) is overexpressed in 30% of breast cancers, and this overexpression is strongly correlated with a poor prognosis. Herceptin is a common treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer; however, cancer cells tend to adapt gradually to the drug, rendering it ineffective. The study revealed an association between the methylation status of the Homeobox C8 ( HOXC8 ) gene and tumor development. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to delve into the interaction between HOXC8 and HER2-positive breast cancer, along with its molecular mechanisms...
March 2024: Discovery Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531548/-pax6-gene-promoter-methylation-is-correlated-with-myopia-in-chinese-adolescents-a-pilot-sutdy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danjie Jiang, Shujuan Lin, Qinghai Gong, Jia Hong, Jinghui Wang, Hua Gao, Yanbo Guo, Feng Tong, Yan Zhang
PURPOSE: A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that myopia is a complex disease involving genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of PAX6 gene methylation in myopia in Chinese adolescents. METHODS: Eighty junior high school students were divided into four groups based on their vision test results: mild myopia, moderate myopia, severe myopia, and non-myopia control. The methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter was detected by bisulfate pyrosequencing...
March 26, 2024: Ophthalmic Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531506/decoding-the-epigenetic-mechanism-of-mammalian-sex-determination-updates-emerging-hypothesis-and-unsolved-questions
#17
REVIEW
Cash Kumar, Jagat Kumar Roy
Sex determination embodies a dynamic and intricate developmental process wielding significant influence over the destiny of bipotential gonads, steering them towards male or female gonads. Gonadal differentiation and the postnatal manifestation of the gonadal phenotype involve a sophisticated interplay of transcription factors such as SOX9 and FOXL2. Central to this interplay are chromatin modifiers regulating the mutual antagonism during this interplay. In this review, the key findings and knowledge gaps in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA-mediated control throughout mammalian gonadal development are covered...
March 24, 2024: Experimental Cell Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530767/one-carbon-to-rule-them-all-formaldehyde-is-a-one-carbon-signal-connecting-one-carbon-metabolism-and-epigenetic-methylation
#18
Logan Tenney, Vanha N Pham, Christopher J Chang
Formaldehyde is commonly thought of as an environmental toxin or laboratory fixation reagent, but there is a growing appreciation for its broader physiological contributions as a naturally generated one-carbon metabolite across all kingdoms of life. In this In Focus article, we summarize emerging advances in the field that show how formaldehyde plays diverse roles as a one-carbon signal in DNA damage, one-carbon metabolism, and epigenetic regulation.
March 26, 2024: ACS Chemical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530405/integrative-network-analysis-of-differentially-methylated-regions-to-study-the-impact-of-gestational-weight-gain-on-maternal-metabolism-and-fetal-neonatal-growth
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Perla Pizzi Argentato, João Victor da Silva Guerra, Liania Alves Luzia, Ester Silveira Ramos, Mariana Maschietto, Patrícia Helen de Carvalho Rondó
Integrative network analysis (INA) is important for identifying gene modules or epigenetically regulated molecular pathways in diseases. This study evaluated the effect of excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) on INA of differentially methylated regions, maternal metabolism and offspring growth. Brazilian women from "The Araraquara Cohort Study" with adequate pre-pregnancy body mass index were divided into EGWG (n=30) versus adequate gestational weight gain (AGWG, n=45) groups. The methylome analysis was performed on maternal blood using the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip...
2024: Genetics and Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530015/hypomethylation-of-the-lncrna-h19-promoter-accelerates-osteogenic-differentiation-of-vascular-smooth-muscle-cells-by-activating-the-erk1-2-pathways
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taoxia Wang, Meijuan Cheng, Jingjing Jin, Yaling Bai, Dongxue Zhang, Shenglei Zhang, Jinsheng Xu
OBJECTIVE: Vascular calcification is a common chronic kidney disease complication. This study aimed to investigate the function of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) H19 in vascular calcification to explore new therapeutic strategies. METHODS: We induced osteogenic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) using β-glycerophosphate. Then, we detected the LncRNA H19 promoter methylation status and Erk1/2 pathways using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively...
March 2024: Journal of International Medical Research
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