Smart device

BACKGROUND: Current heart failure (HF) guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary approach, discharge education, and self-management for HF. However, the recommendations are challenging to implement in real-world clinical settings. OBJECTIVE: We developed a mobile health (mHealth) platform for HF self-care to evaluate whether a smartphone app-based intervention with Bluetooth-connected monitoring devices and a feedback system can help improve HF symptoms. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized, multicenter study, we enrolled patients 20 years of age and older, hospitalized for acute HF, and who could use a smartphone from 7 tertiary hospitals in South Korea...

The rapid growth of flexible quasi-solid-state thermocells (TECs) provides a fresh way forward for wearable electronics. However, their insufficient mechanical strength and power output still hinder their further applications. This work demonstrates a one-stone-two-birds strategy to synergistically enhance the mechanical and thermoelectrochemical properties of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4--based TECs. By introducing multiple non-covalent interactions via betaine zwitterions, the mechanical strength of the conventional brittle gelatin hydrogel electrolytes is substantially improved from 50 to 440 kPa, with a high stretchability approaching 250%...

Accurate glucose prediction is vital for diabetes management. Artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are showing promising results for reliable glucose predictions, offering timely warnings for glucose fluctuations. The translation of these software-based ANNs into dedicated computing hardware opens a route toward automated insulin delivery systems ultimately enhancing the quality of life for diabetic patients. ANNs are transforming this field, potentially leading to implantable smart prediction devices and ultimately to a fully artificial pancreas...

In the evolving landscape of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), adopting digital technologies, including synchronous/real-time digital interventions and smart applications, has emerged as a transformative approach. These technologies offer real-time health data access, continuous vital sign monitoring, and personalized educational enhanced patient self-management and engagement. Despite their potential benefits, challenges and limitations exist, necessitating careful consideration. Synchronous/real-time digital CR involves remote, two-way audiovisual communication, addressing issues of accessibility and promoting home-based interventions...

Conductive hydrogels are ideal materials for intelligent medical devices, human-machine interfaces, and flexible bioelectrodes due to their adjustable mechanical properties and electrical responsiveness, whereas it is still a great challenge to achieve the integration of excellent flexibility and biocompatibility into one hydrogel sensor while also incorporating self-healing, self-adhesion, environmental tolerance, and antimicrobial properties. Here, a nanocomposite conductive organohydrogel was constructed by using collagen (Col), alginate-derived carbon quantum dots (OSA-CQDs), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), ethylene glycol reduced AgNPs, and Fe3+ ions...

Smart algorithms for gait kinematic motion prediction in wearable assistive devices including prostheses, bionics, and exoskeletons can ensure safer and more effective device functionality. Although embedded systems can support the use of smart algorithms, there are important limitations associated with computational load. This poses a tangible barrier for models with increased complexity that demand substantial computational resources for superior performance. Forecasting through Recurrent Topology (FReT) represents a computationally lightweight time-series data forecasting algorithm with the ability to update and adapt to the input data structure that can predict complex dynamics...

Notifications are an essential part of the user experience on smart mobile devices. While some apps have to notify users immediately after an event occurs, others can schedule notifications strategically to notify them only on opportune moments. This tailoring allows apps to shorten the users' interaction delay. In this paper, we present the results of a comprehensive study that identified the factors that influence users' interaction delay to their smartphone notifications. We analyzed almost 10 million notifications collected in-the-wild from 922 users and computed their response times with regard to their demographics, their Big Five personality trait scores and the device's charging state...

In this paper, the design and research of a sensor-based personal air-quality monitoring device are presented, which is retrofitted into different personal protective face masks. Due to its small size and low power consumption, the device can be integrated into and applied in practical urban usage. We present our research and the development of the sensor node based on a BME680-type environmental sensor cluster with a wireless IoT (Internet of Things)-capable central unit and overall low power consumption. The integration of the sensor node was investigated with traditional medical masks and a professional FFP2-type mask...

The presence of green areas in urbanized cities is crucial to reduce the negative impacts of urbanization. However, these areas can influence the signal quality of IoT devices that use wireless communication, such as LoRa technology. Vegetation attenuates electromagnetic waves, interfering with the data transmission between IoT devices, resulting in the need for signal propagation modeling, which considers the effect of vegetation on its propagation. In this context, this research was conducted at the Federal University of Pará, using measurements in a wooded environment composed of the Pau-Mulato species, typical of the Amazon...

The Internet of Things (IoT) includes billions of sensors and actuators (which we refer to as IoT devices) that harvest data from the physical world and send it via the Internet to IoT applications to provide smart IoT services and products. Deploying, managing, and maintaining IoT devices for the exclusive use of an individual IoT application is inefficient and involves significant costs and effort that often outweigh the benefits. On the other hand, enabling large numbers of IoT applications to share available third-party IoT devices, which are deployed and maintained independently by a variety of IoT device providers, reduces IoT application development costs, time, and effort...

This paper focuses on the use of smart manufacturing in lathe-cutting tool machines, which can experience thermal deformation during long-term processing, leading to displacement errors in the cutting head and damage to the final product. This study uses time-series thermal compensation to develop a predictive system for thermal displacement in machine tools, which is applicable in the industry using edge computing technology. Two experiments were carried out to optimize the temperature prediction models and predict the displacement of five axes at the temperature points...

Through the use of Underwater Smart Sensor Networks (USSNs), Marine Observatories (MOs) provide continuous ocean monitoring. Deployed sensors may not perform as intended due to the heterogeneity of USSN devices' hardware and software when combined with the Internet. Hence, USSNs are regarded as complex distributed systems. As such, USSN designers will encounter challenges throughout the design phase related to time, complexity, sharing diverse domain experiences (viewpoints), and ensuring optimal performance for the deployed USSNs...

IoT-based smart transportation monitors vehicles, cargo, and driver statuses for safe movement. Due to the limited computational capabilities of the sensors, the IoT devices require powerful remote servers to execute their tasks, and this phenomenon is called task offloading. Researchers have developed efficient task offloading and scheduling mechanisms for IoT devices to reduce energy consumption and response time. However, most research has not considered fault-tolerance-based job allocation for IoT logistics trucks, task and data-aware scheduling, priority-based task offloading, or multiple-parameter-based fog node selection...

The development of a high-performance, low-cost, and simply fabricated flexible three-dimensional (3D) force sensor is essential for the future development of electronic skins suitable for the detection of normal and shear forces for several human motions. In this study, a sandwich-structured flexible 3D force tactile sensor based on a polyethylene-carbon composite material (velostat) is presented. The sensor has a large measuring range, namely, 0-12 N in the direction of the normal force and 0-2.6 N in the direction of the shear force...

Surface microstructure modification of metal oxides also improves the electrochemical performance of metal oxide nanoparticles. The present investigation demonstrates how varying the urea molar content during the hydrothermal process altered the surfaces of MnCo2 O4 nanoparticles. Successive increases of 0.1 M in urea concentration transformed the surface shape of MnCo2 O4 nanoparticles from flower-like to sheet-like microstructures. Excellent electrochemical performance of MnCo2 O4 nanoparticles was demonstrated in an aqueous 1 M KOH electrolyte...

The increased interest in sensing tattoos reflects a shift in wearable technology, emphasizing their flexible, skin-adherent nature. These devices, driven by advancements in nanotechnology and materials science, offer highly sensitive and customizable sensors. The growing body of research in this area indicates a rising curiosity in their design and applications, with potential uses ranging from vital sign monitoring to biomarker detection. Sensing tattoos present a promising avenue in wearable healthcare technology, attracting attention from researchers, clinicians, and technology enthusiasts...

BACKGROUND: Research on caregivers for children with intellectual disabilities, particularly those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), has highlighted several obstacles to achieving better oral health. These include challenges with tolerating oral care, sensory processing differences, uncooperative behaviors, and communication impairments. There is limited understanding of what caregivers would consider "successful assistance" in improving oral health for these children. OBJECTIVES: This pilot study aimed to examine caregivers' and user's experiences with a Kids Smart Electric Toothbrush used by children with ASD...

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects South Asian subgroups. Lifestyle prevention programs help prevent and manage diabetes; however, there is a need to tailor these programs for mobile health (mHealth). OBJECTIVE: This study examined technology access, current use, and preferences for health communication among South Asian immigrants diagnosed with or at risk for diabetes, overall and by sex. We examined factors associated with interest in receiving diabetes information by (1) text message, (2) online (videos, voice notes, online forums), and (3) none or skipped, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and technology access...

Dimethylcyclosiloxanes (DMCs) are utilized as vital monomers in the synthesis of organosilicon compounds, integral to the manufacture of mobile smart terminal devices. Toxicological studies have revealed potential endocrine-disrupting activity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and other toxicities of the DMCs. This study investigated the concentrations and composition profiles of seven DMCs, including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6), and tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane (D7), hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (D8), and octadecamethylcyclononasiloxane (D9) in three types of mobile smart terminal device components (silicone rubber, adhesive, and plastics)...

Many efforts are continuously undertaken to develop glucose-sensitive biomaterials able of controlling glucose levels in the body and self-regulating insulin delivery. Hydrogels that swell or shrink as a function of the environmental free glucose content are suitable systems for monitoring blood glucose, delivering insulin doses adapted to the glucose concentration. In this context, the development of sensors based on reversible binding to glucose molecules represents a continuous challenge. Concanavalin A (Con A) is a bioactive protein isolated from sword bean plants ( Canavalia ensiformis ) and contains four sugar-binding sites...